Corpus of Electronic Texts Edition

Background details and bibliographic information

An Irish Materia Medica

Author: Tadhg Ó Cuinn

File Description

Irish text compiled by Tadhg Ó Cuinn

Donated to CELT by Philip O'Connor, Dublin

Donation facilitated by Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha, DIAS, Dublin

Electronic edition compiled by Beatrix Färber

Proof corrections by Beatrix Färber , Niamh Una Mac Daid (Bibliography, Part 5) , Rebecca Daly (Glossary, letters a-c, i-z, Part 5)

Funded by University College, Cork, School of History

1. First draft, revised and corrected.

Extent of text: 186,920 words

Publication

Distributed by CELT online at University College, Cork, Ireland.
Text ID Number: G600006

Availability

Available with prior consent of the CELT programme for purposes of academic research and teaching only. This unpublished edition was donated to CELT, facilitated by Prof. Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha of the School of Celtic, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, by the family of Micheál P. S. Ó Conchubhair.

Sources

Manuscript Sources (as listed in the Introduction)
1. Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 1343 (H. 3. 22), pp 47a1–106b2. Fifteenth century. Scribe: Aodh Buidhe Ó Leighin. This is the base of the present edition. For more details, see the relevant catalog entries on ISOS.
2. Dublin, National Library of Ireland, MS G 11, pp1–67. Vellum. Completed in 1466. Scribe Donnchadh Ó Bolgaidi, with two or three unidentified collaborators. "Nessa Ní Shéaghdha says, Cat, i 66, that parts of the manuscript may have been written at Woodstock, near Athy, and at Clanmalire, Laois, adding, p. 71, that the copy of the Materia medica may be reckoned among the more complete vellum copies, and that it is more or less akin to the copy in H. 3. 22."
3. Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 458 (23 O 23). Vellum; 15th to 16th century.
4. Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 464 (23 O 6). "A vellum fragment bound into the volume as pages 19–30 contains part of a Materia medica from Sambucus to Ydor. Is this part of our M(ateria) M(edica)?"
5. Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 459 (23 Q 5). Vellum, probably 15th to 16th century.
6. Edinburgh, National Library of Scotland, formerly MacKinnon's MS LX. pp 303–463. "This copy, which contains 311 articles, was written in 1611–1614, in the main by Aonghus mac Fearchair mic Aonghuis, in Ardchonnel, for Donnchadh Ó Conchubhair. The scribe appears to be Aonghus Mac Beathadh, son of Farquhar Beaton of Husibost, Skye (see MacKinnon, Cat., top of p. 299)." For updated details, see Ronald Black's catalogue description on ISOS.
7. London, British Library MS Add. 15403. Vellum MS, dated by Standish O'Grady (Cat, p. 222) to the 16th century. It contains 151 of the chapters in the H.3. 22 version, and 14 chapters that are not in H.3.22. Chapter headings were printed by Stokes in the Academy (1888) and are available on www.archive.org. It also contains chapters not in Ó Conchubhair's edition. (See below, p. 14).
8. Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 1334 (H. 3. 15). Vellum, dated tentatively to the 16th century. For more details, see the relevant catalog entries on ISOS.
9. Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 1323 (H. 3.4). Vellum, dated to the 16th century. Scribe: Maghnus mac Gilla na naemh mic an Leagha, by dictation from Tadhg Ó Cuinn. See below, p. 14–15. For more details, see the relevant catalog entries on ISOS.
10. Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 447 (23 K 42). The Book of the O'Shiels, written in 1657–58 by Pádruic gruamdha O Siaghuil. (For this scribe and his work see also Introduction by W. Wulff, An liaigh i n-Erinn I n-allod. II, CELT file G600023.)
11. University of Manchester, John Rylands Library, Irish MS 35. (See also Stokes, 'Three Irish Medical Glossaries', CELT file G600018.)
12. Dublin, National Library of Ireland, MS G 19. A transcript made in 1761 of NLI G11. See below, p. 17
13. Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 465 (23 N 20). Written in Musgraidhe, Co. Cork, in 1794 by Micheál Óg Ó Longáin for his own use in Cuil ui Murchadha, near Curracha Chiopain.
14. Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 470 (23 M 38). Written in 1794 by Micheál Óg Ó Longáin.
15. Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 460 (3 B 15). RIA MS 459, made by Micheál Ó Longáin in 1829.
16. Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 462 (24 M 34). A copy made by Joseph Ó Longáin in 1848.
17. Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 461 (24 B 2).A copy made by Joseph Ó Longáin in 1848, stated to have been made from a copy made by Micheál Óg Ó Longáin in 1824, which in turn was made from a copy made by Micheál Ó Longáin in 1761.
18. Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 448 (3 A 36). A transcript of the Book of the O'Shiels, RIA MS 447, made by Joseph and Micheál Ó Longáin in 1870.
19. Additional manuscripts containing this tract (in part or in full) have come to light after the Micheál Ó Conchubhair's death, as they were catalogued by Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha and Ronald Black. These will be added in due course.

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Internet resources
1. Dictionary of the Irish Language, mainly compiled from Old and Middle Irish materials: eDIL. See http://www.dil.ie/.
2. Dictionary of Irish Placenames: See http://www.logainm.ie/.
3. An Anglo-Norman Dictionary at http://www.anglo-norman.net/gate/
4. The Oxford English Dictionary at http://www.oed.com.
5. LOGEION, A Dictionary incorporating several dictionaries of Greek and Latin at the University of Chicago, including the Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources (DMLBS) http://logeion.uchicago.edu/.
6. Dioscórides Interactivo: the Salamanca Dioscorides (De materia medica), Unversidad de Salamanca. Estudios y Traducción del Dioscórides, Manuscrito de Salamanca. Traducción: Antonio López Eire y Francisco Cortés Gabaudan. Con estudios de Bertha Gutiérrez Rodilla y Maria Concepción Vázquez de Benito. Editor y coordinador Alejandro Esteller. Available at http://dioscorides.usal.es/.
7. The Digitale Bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse Letteren (http://www.dbnl.org/) has an edition of the Antidotarium Nicolai (including a Middle Dutch version) online. This was edited from Mss 15624-15642 from Brussels, Kon. Bibl. by W.S. van den Berg (Leiden 1917); see http://www.dbnl.org/titels/titel.php?id=_ant004anti01.

The edition used in the digital edition
1. An Irish Materia Medica. Micheál P. S. Ó Conchubhair (ed), Interim edition [646 pp. plus glossary and bibliography] CELT Project on behalf of Philip O'Connor, Dublin Cork ([1994] 2019)

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The electronic text represents the edited text. Editorial corrections and expansions are marked. Text in Latin is indicated. Names are capitalized in line with CELT practice. ‘Auidseanna’ is written plene in section 260, p. 253 for Avicenna; and ‘Gailiden’, section 290, p. 272, as the Irish form of Galenus or Galienus. In the manuscript, spaces were left for large initials which remained unfilled later. These letters have been supplied silently by Micheál P. S. Ó Conchubhair. In the Irish text, the et-compendium is rendered & while in the Latin text of part 3 it is rendered et and marked as an expansion. The editorial variants 'potage' and 'pottage' have been left intact.

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div0= the tract; div1= the part, div2= the chapter, div3= the subsection. Page-breaks are marked pb n=""/.

Interpretation

Proper names, titles of books as well as medical, botanical, pharmaceutical and some anatomical terms are tagged.

Canonical References

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Profile Description

Created: (October 1415)

Use of language

Language: [GA] The text is Early Modern Irish.

Language: [LA] Many terms and phrases are in Latin.

Language: [GR] Some terms and phrases are in Greek, or derived from it.

Language: [EN] Introduction and notes are in English.

Language: [IT] One term from the Modena manuscript of the Tractatus de herbis is in Italian.

Language: [FR] One phrase in the introduction is in French.

Language: [AR] A few terms and words, such as allusal (onion), turbit (turpeth) and Alcanzi (Alchauzi or Alchuzi) are derived from Arabic.

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• (2017)

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Corpus of Electronic Texts Edition: G600006

An Irish Materia Medica: Author: Tadhg Ó Cuinn

Micheál Ó Conchubhair (Michael O'Connor), who died in July 1993 aged 67, devoted the last five years of his life to translating and seeking to elucidate the classic mediaeval Irish herbal of Tadhg Ó Cuinn, the Materia Medica of 1415. In his professional life Micheál was a committed civil servant, retiring at secretary grade with the Revenue Commissioners. But he was also a scholar, fluent in modern and old Irish, with a lifelong passion for music, literature, botany, history, and philosophy.

The historical significance of Ó Cuinn's medical text and Micheál's translation and elucidation of it on the basis of extensive research have been well commented upon by others. The Materia Medica testifies not only to the close relations that existed between the learned classes of Gaelic Ireland and medieval Europe, but also to the sophistication of the pharmacology and medical training in fifteenth century Gaelic society.

At the time of his death, Micheál had nearly but not quite completed his translation and referencing of the Materia Medica, calling his own manuscript an "interim edition". His family was keen that his scholarship should not go to waste but would be available to assist others interested in further researching this important field. We were very fortunate at the time to make contact with Prof. Máirtín Ó Murchú of the School of Celtic Studies, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, who arranged for the transfer of the work and ancillary papers to the School, where cataloguing was carried out in 1994 by Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha, Assistant Professor at the School. In 2018, Beatrix Färber, Manager of the CELT Project at University College Cork, whose electronic editions of Early Modern Irish medical texts have made a major contribution to the field, graciously accepted the invitation to make the work available on CELT.

The decision to include Micheál's translation and commentary among the key classic medieval Gaelic texts in the CELT database is an outcome that he would have regarded as a great honour. His family certainly regard it as such and sincerely thank all of those involved in the project.

An Irish Materia Medica

Interim Version

Part I Introduction

1. The author and his sources . . . 1
2. Copies of the text . . . 11
3. The doctors and the apothecaries . . . 19
4. The medicinal substances . . . 50

Part II

1. The Irish text . . . 59

Part III

1. The Latin texts . . . 283

Part IV

1. English translation of Irish text . . . 443

Part V

1. Glossary . . . 649
2. Bibliography . . . 907

Chapters of the Text

A numbered list of the Latin chapter headings, with their Irish and English translations

1. Aron barba, iarus, pes uituli:    geadhar:    cuckoo-pint
2. Accacia, sucus prunellarum:    sugh na n-airneadh n-anabaigh:    juice of unripe sloes
3. Absinthium, centonica, pointicum:    uormont:    wormwood
4. Abrotanum, camphorata:    suramont:    southernwood
5. Acalife, urtica:    neanntog:    nettle
6. Arasca, elleborus albus:    tataba geal:    white hellebore
7. Albagia, portulaca, pes pulli:    adann:    coltsfoot
8. Acedula, oxilapacium, rumei:    samadh:    sorrel
9. Accetum, oxiren, oxiriun:    finegra:    vinegar
10. Accride, bancia, pastinaca:    meacan righ:    parsnip
11. Affodillus, centum capita, aillium agreiste:    creamh :    ransoms
12. Agaricus, fungus:    agairg:    agaric
13. Agrimonia, argimonia:    marbdroigen:    agrimony
14. Agnus castus:    meas torc allaidh:    tutsan
15. Alacon, politricum, capillus ueniris:    dubcosach:    maidenhair spleenwort
16. Alapin, cepa mairina, scilla:    uinneamun Spainneach :    Spanish onion
17. Alapsa, galla, pomum quersuus:    galla:    oak gall
18. Albedarug, colubrina, basilicon:    colambin:    columbine
19. Alagsandrum, masedonica, petrusidinum:    elistront:    alexanders
20. Albeston, calx uiua:    ael ur:    quicklime
21. Altea, malbus, bismalua:    leamhadh:    mallow
22. Aloe, epaticum, cicotrinum:    aloese:    aloes
23. Alphur, flos fraxini:    fuinnseog:    ash
24. Allusal, cepa:    uinneamhan garrdha:    garden onion
25. Alumen, stipteria, sucarium:    ai lira:    alum
26. Ambra, spearma ceti:    coimpeirt an mil moir:    ambergris
27. Ambrosiana, eupatorium, lilifagus:    iubar sleibhe:    wood sage
28. Anabulla, titimaillus:    gerr an eighmhe:    spurge
29. Amedum, amillum:    :    starch
30. Ancula alba, scabiosa:    :    scabious
31. Aillium:    gairleog:    garlic
32. Acantum, semen urtice:    ros na neannta:    seed of nettle
33. Anetam:    :    dill
34. Antera, flos rose:    blath an rosa:    flower of rose
35. Anisum, ciminum dulse:    ainis:    anise
36. Apium domesticum:    meirsi garrda:    garden celery
37. Auripimentum, arsenicum:    argallumh :    orpiment
38. Arracia, attriplex:    eilitreog :    orache
39. Arigentum uiuum:    airgead beo:    mercury
40. Asufetida:    :    asafoetida
41. Aroistoloia longa, Aroistoloia rotunda:    stoinsi fada, stoinsi cruinn:    long birthwort, round birthwort
42. Artamesia, mater herbarum:    buatfallan liath:    mugwort
43. Athanasia, tanesetum:    lus na francc:    tansy
44. Athasar, polem regale:    poiliol ruibel:    penny royal
45. Auansia, gairiofilata:    macall:    avens
46. Auellana, nux parba:    cnu Gaeidilach:    hazel nut
47. Auena:    coirci:    oats
48. Auricula muris:    liathlus beac:    mouse-ear hawkweed
49. Aurum:    or:    gold
50. Balanon, glans:    measoga daracha:    acorns
51. Balsamum:    :    balm of Gilead
52. Barba filicana, plantago maigheor:    cruach Padraic:    plantain
53. Barba hirsina:    lus na laedh:    roseroot
54. Barba siluana:    glaiser coille:    bugle
55. Barba Iouis, semperuiua:    teneagal:    houseleek
56. Bardana, lapa:    meacan tua:    burdock
57. Branca ursina:    gallfotannan:    bear's breech
58. Beta, pleta, cicula:    biatus:    beet
59. Bilonia, molena:    coinneall Mhuire:    mullein
60. Bolus Armenicus:    uir sleibhe Armeinia:    bolus Armenicus
61. Borax:    :    borax
62. Bursa pastoris:    lus an sbarain:    shepherd's purse
63. Bitonica:    bitoine:    betony
64. Balsamita:    cartlann:    water mint
65. Burneta:    lus creidhe:    burnet saxifrage
66. Bibolica, biliria:    fotlact:    narrow-leaved water parsnip
67. Butirum:    im:    butter
68. Calamentum, calamentum maighis:    cailimint:    calamint
69. Ciclamin, malum terre:    cularan:    pignut
70. Cameactis, ebulus:    ualuort:    dwarf elder
71. Cinoglosa:    finscoth:    hound's tongue
72. Cinis omnis:    luaith:    ashes
73. Citonalens:    sidual:    setwall
74. Conconidum:    sil in labriola:    seed of the spurge laurel
75. Codion:    popin geal:    white poppy
76. Cornu serui:    congna an fiadha:    deer's horn
77. Cauda purcina:    gurmaill:    gromwell
78. Caulis orientis:    praiseac garrdha:    garden cabbage
79. Celedonia:    :    celandine
80. Centauria:    dedga:    centaury
81. Cerefolium:    comann gall:    chervil
82. Cerusa:    blath in luaidhe:    ceruse
83. Cotilodion, cimbulairia, umbilicus ueniris:    curnan caisil :    pennywort
84. Citragha See Glossary:    :   
85. Cinamomum:    cainel:    cinnamon
86. Ciba pirum i.e. cibapirum "Sulphur, est sulphur vivum, quod alio nomine dicitur cibapirum" Collectio Salernitana, vol. 3, p. 316, Salvatore De Renzi et al., Napoli 1854--> :    raibh:    sulphur
87. Colafonium:    picc Greagach:    colophony
88. Colocindida:    :    colocynth
89. Consolida madior:    lus na cnam mbristi:    comfrey
90. Consolida media:    easboc beoain:    ox -eye daisy
91. Consolida minur:    noinin :    daisy
92. Conium:    ros na minne mire:    seed of hemlock
93. Corallus rubius:    cruel dearg:    red coral
94. Corona regia:    eachseamur:    melilot
95. Coriandrum:    :    coriander
96. Centinodia:    gluinech bec:    knot-grass
97. Crocus:    croch:    saffron
98. Cubebis:    :    Cubebs
99. Catapusia:    gran Oilella:    spurge
100. Cucurbita:    :    gourd
101. Cuscuta:    claman lin:    dodder
102. Dactulus:    :    dates
103. Daucus asininus:    milbocan:    carrot
104. Dragantum:    gum crainn:    tragacanth
105. Diegreidium:    :    diagridium
106. Dens leonis:    serban muc:    sowthistle
107. Diureticam:    :    diuretic substances
108. Diptannus, pulegium martis:    litontra:    dittany
109. Dragantum:    coporrus:    copperas
110. Ebulus, cameactis:    ualuart:    dwarf elder
111. Edera arborea:    eiginn na crann:    ivy on trees
112. Edera terrestris:    eigheann talman:    ground ivy
113. Eleborus nider:    tathaba dubh:    black hellebore
114. Endiuia:    :    endive
115. Elena campana:    eillin:    elecampane
116. Epatica:    ae aba:    liverwort
117. Epetimen i.e. epithimum:    blath na time:    dodder of thyme
118. Esula:    eisbeorna:    spurge
119. Euforbium:    [gum crainn]:    euphorbia latex
120. Es ustum:    umha loisce:    burnt copper
121. Ematites:    :    haematite
122. Emblici:    :    myrobalans
123. Eruca:    cearrmacan:    greater water parsnip
124. Ferrum, ferrugo & sgama ferri:    iarunn, slaighe & tuirinn :    iron, dross, flake
125. Ferrarium:    iadh:    sediment
126. Flamula:    aibill uisce :    water crowfoot
127. Fenugrecum:    pis Greagach:    fenugreek
128. Fragaria:    lus na sum talman:    strawberry
129. Fraximus:    fuinnseoc:    ash
130. Farina ordi i.e. farina hordei:    (min) eorna :    (meal of) barley
131. Feniculus:    feinel:    fennel
132. Feniculus porsinas:    maelan muilithi:    stinking mayweed
133. Fenementum:    laibin:    leaven
134. Fel:    domblas ae:    bile
135. Filipindula:    :    dropwort
136. Fumus terra:    furniter:    furniter
137. Fu ualerian:    caertann curraig:    wild valerian
138. Fugo demonurn:    bitnua:    St. John's wort
139. Fructus iuniperi:    caera an iubair craigi:    juniper berries
140. Ficus:    figeada:    figs
141. Fex:    deasgaid:    dregs
142. Galbanum:    :    galbanum
143. Galanga:    gailingan:    galangal
144. Galitricum:    caince coilli:    clary
145. Gladiolus:    soilisdur:    yellow flag
146. Gariofilus:    clobus:    cloves
147. Genciana:    coirce lo[...]:    gentian
148. Gumi:    :    gum
149. Gitt:    cogul:    cockle
150. Genestula:    gilcach slebhe :    broom
151. Hermodactuli:    tene talman:    autumn crocus
152. Herba Sangti Petri:    soibirgin:    cowslip
153. Hipia mador See Glossary s.v. flidh:    flidh:    chickweed
154. Hipia minor See Glossary s.v. flidh:    rinn ruisc:    scarlet pimpernel
155. Isopus:    isoip:    hyssop
156. Ipoquisdidos:    lus na meacan:    hypocistis
157. Iouis barba:    teineagul:    houseleek
158. Iris:    gloiriam:    stinking iris
159. Ipofilia:    bilur Muire:    brooklime
160. Lacc:    bainne:    milk
161. Lactuca:    leiteas:    lettuce
162. Laudanum:    :    laudanum
163. Lapasium acutum:    corrcopog:    curled dock
164. Lapis lasuili:    :    lapis lazuli
165. Lapis magnetis:    :    magnetite
166. Lansiolata:    slanlus:    ribwort
167. Lauriola:    :    spurge laurel
168. Lenticula acatica :    ros lachan :    duckweed
169. Leuisticus:    lubhaiste:    lovage
170. Lepus:    mil muidhe:    the hare
171. Lapis agapidis:    :    agate
172. Lisium:    :    lycium
173. Lilium:    lilidh:    lily
174. Linga auis, pigla:    tenga enain :    stitchwort
175. Litairgirum:    slaidteach an airgid:    dross of silver (litharge)
176. Licrisi:    licoiris:    liquorice
177. Lapasium:    copog:    dock
178. Linga bouina:    odhrad:    bugloss
179. Mas:    :    mace
180. Maccula trifolium:    eachsemuir:    red clover
181. Manna:    :    manna
182. Mala granata:    ubla graineacha:    pomegranates
183. Marubium:    orofont:    horehound
184. Medulla:    smir:    marrow
185. Masdix:    :    mastic
186. Mel:    mil:    honey
187. Margarite:    nemunn:    pearls
188. Mellago:    pimentaria:    balm
189. Mellicratum:    :    (a drink).
190. Menta:    minntus:    mint
191. Mercurialis:    mercurial:    annual mercury
192. Mellifolium:    athair talman:    yarrow
193. Mirtuis:    raidleag :    bog myrtle
194. Mirra:    mirr:    myrrh
195. Morella:    midhaidi:    black nightshade
196. Morsus demonis:    caisearban bec:    devil's bit scabious
197. Muscus:    :    musk
198. Mumia:    :    mummy
199. Mandragora:    :    mandrake
200. Mrbulani:    :    myrobalans
201. Mala masiana:    ubla fiadain:    crab apples
202. Mora selsi:    smera:    blackberries
203. Melli:    :    spignel
204. Mesbili:    sceachoire:    haws
205. Nastursium:    bilur uisce:    watercress
206. Napeum, sinapium:    mosdard:    mustard
207. Nenufar:    blath na raibhe uisce:    flower of the water lily
208. Nepta:    neift:    catmint
209. Nux magna:    cnu franccach:    walnut
210. Nux muscata:    nutamicc:    nutmeg
211. Nux longa:    almont milis:    sweet almonds
212. Olibanum:    :    frankincense
213. Opoponax:    :    opopanax
214. Ouua:    na huidhi:    eggs
215. Os de corde serui:    cnamh craighi an fhiadha:    bone of deer's heart
216. Ordium:    eorna:    barley
217. Pampinus:    duillebar na fineamhna:    foliage of vine
218. Petrosilium:    peirsille:    parsley
219. Pulegium muntanum:    poiliol muntanum:    wild thyme
220. Piper nigrum:    pibur dubh:    black pepper
221. Pulicaria:    millsean monadh :    lousewort
222. Paritaria:    pairitair:    pellitory of the wall
223. Polipodium:    scim:    polypody
224. Pibinella:    eigrim:    burnet
225. Pulitricum:    ruibh cloithi:    wallrue
226. Porrum:    lus:    leek
227. Pingedo:    methrudh:    fat
228. Pira:    peirida:    pears
229. Plumbum:    luaidhe:    lead
230. Quercus:    darach:    oak
231. Rafanos:    racam:    horse radish
232. Rosmarinus:    ros marina:    rosemary
233. Reubarbrum:    :    rhubarb
234. Rosa rubia:    ros dearg:    red rose
235. Rubia maior, uarencia:    madra:    madder
236. Ruta, bisa, molea:    ruibh:    rue
237. Repercusiua:    :    repercussive substances
238. Sambucus:    trom:    elder
239. Sal:    salunn:    salt
240. Sarcacolla:    :    sarcocolla
241. Scamonia:    :    scammony
242. Saturaieia, utimbra:    sabraidh:    savory
243. Sene:    :    senna
244. Serpillum:    piletra:    wild thyme
245. Salisit:    saileach:    willow
246. Spicanardi:    :    spikenard
247. Sdrusium:    praiseach buidhe:    charlock
248. Sulfur:    raibh:    sulphur
249. Sol secium, sbonsa soils, eliotropia, sicorea, ingcuba, uerucaria:    rudus:    marigold
250. Spodium:    cnaim na bellifinte:    calcined ivory
251. Sticatos:    sian sleibhe:    foxglove
252. Satuirion, priamiscus, leporina:    tulcan:    orchid
253. Sandaili:    :    sandalwood
254. Sdafisagria:    :    stavesacre
255. Scolapendria, linga ceruina:    crimh muice fiadha:    hart's tongue fern
256. Stipica:    :    styptic substances
257. Sbaragius:    modomhun:    asparagus
258. Storax:    :    storax
259. Sompnus:    codladh:    sleep
260. Sitis:    ita:    thirst
261. Saluia:    saidsi:    sage
262. Sauina, bracteos:    liatan locad:    savin
263. Tartarum:    deascaidh an fina:    tartar of wine
264. Terra sigilata, terra Sarasenica, argentaria:    talamh selaithi:    sealed earth
265. Tuirbit:    :    turpeth
266. Triticum:    cruitneact:    wheat
267. Tanasetum agreste:    brisclain:    silverweed
268. Tapsia:    fearban:    buttercup
269. Tela rania:    lin an damain allaidh:    spider's web
270. Terpintina:    :    turpentine
271. Tamariscus:    :    tamarisk
272. Tamuirindi, oxifencia, dactilus asetosus, dactilus indicus:    :    tamarind
273. Turio uitis:    maetain na fineamhna:    shoots of vine
274. Uernix, bernix, elasia:    :    varnish
275. Ueruena, herba Ueneris, peristeron:    :    vervain
276. Uiola:    sail cuach:    violet
277. Uirga pastoris, osaragi :    lus na leadan min:    teasel
278. Uitrum:    gloine:    glass
279. Uua:    caera na fineamna:    grapes of vine
280. Uinum:    fin:    wine
281. Uenenum:    nemh:    poison
282. Uenter:    an bru:    the abdomen
283. Uermis:    peiste:    worms
284. Uisus:    radurc:    sight
285. Uomitibus:    sceatrach:    vomiting
286. Uritiua:    :    burning substances
287. Yringi, socacul:    cuilinn traga:    sea holly
288. Ycor:    :    ichor
289. Ydor:    uisce:    water
290. Yarapigra Galieni:    hieropigra Galeni
291. Zinciber:    sinnser:    ginger
292. Ziucra:    siucra:    sugar

Introduction

p.1

The author and his sources

p.2

p.3

Circa Instans

Ó Cuinn's principal source, and the work whose format he followed, was the Liber de simplici medicina, usually known, from the opening words of the introduction, as Circa Instans. Joannes Platearius is named as the author of Circa Instans in the early printed versions of the text.

George Sarton (1931, ii 241) refers to Joannes Platearius the Younger, who lived in the second half of the eleventh century, and

p.4

Circa Instans is a list of more than 200 simple (i.e. not compound) medicines, arranged alphabetically, with a chapter on the uses etc. of each one. Claus H. Beck (who dates his Vorwort, poor man, Im Felde, im Februar 1940) and Hans Wölfel and others, working under the tutelage of Dr. Julius Schuster in Berlin in 1939–40, have contributed substantially to our knowledge of this work. Wölfel printed the copy of the text which is preserved in Erlangen, and Beck studied the three earliest known manuscripts, that of Breslau, which was written about 1180, that in Vienna, which was written at latest about 1250, and that in Erlangen, which was written between 1250 and 1300. Beck finds so many points of resemblance to the Liber de gradibus of Constantine the African, monk of Monte Cassino, and to the Corpus Hippocraticum, that he feels that these, together with Arabic works similar to Abu Mansur's Liber fundamentorum pharmacologiae, were the main sources of the text. Schuster's own contribution (1926) was

p.5

I have relied principally on the version of Circa Instans which was printed in Venice in 1497, supplemented by Wölfel's Erlangen text and by the substantial extracts from Circa Instans which Rufinus included in his herbal in the 13th century. The 1497 version is likely to be the closest to the text that Ó Cuinn had before him.

Another text that is of assistance is the Tractatus de herbis. What appears to be the original is contained in the 14th-century MS Egerton 747 in the British Library. The Tractatus was compiled by Bartholomeus Mino da Siena, of whom nothing is known except that he is described in the Explicit as an expert in the spicer's art. The book began as a copy of Circa Instans, but additional material was added from the writings of Pseudo-Apuleius, Macer Floridus, Pedanios Dioscorides, Ysaac Iudaeus, Avicenna, the Antidotarium Nicolai, and some others. The text is accompanied by illustrations of the plants discussed. Later copies of the Tractatus are contained in three other manuscripts, including MS Lat. 993 of the Biblioteca Estense, Modena. This Modena copy was made, complete with illustrations, in Bourg in France in 1458 by a scribe calling himself ‘Le petit pelous’. I have used this Modena copy.¹

The greatest of the recent contributions to our knowledge of Circa Instans is the facsimile edition of the 15th century manuscript,

p.6

Macer Floridus

The next source most quoted from by Ó Cuinn was the De Viribus Herbarum of Macer Floridus (printed by Choulant, 1832). This is an account believed to have been written early in the 11th century, in Latin hexameter verse, of the medicinal uses of some 77 plants. The name, Macer Floridus, is a pseudonym, reflecting the name of Aemilius Macer, who died in 15 B.C., and who wrote a similar poem about plants, which no longer survives. The author's real name is believed to have

p.7

Choulant prints some articles which he believes to have been interpolated into Macer's text by later scribes, and which he refers to as ‘Spuria Macri’.

Rufinus included many extracts from Macer's poem in his own compilation.

I have not as yet read the new edition of Macer's poem, edited by Roberto Trifogli and published in Rome in 1958 (British Library reference, under ‘Macer (Aemilius) pseud.’, 7322 h. 8).

Ysaac Iudaeus

Occasional use was made by Ó Cuinn of the Liber dietarum particularium which was written by Ysaac Israeli (or Isaac Iudaeus) who lived in Egypt and who died in Tunis about the middle of the tenth century. Ysaac, otherwise Ishaq ibn Amran al-Isra'eli, is said by his Latin translator to have been the ‘adoptive son’ of Solomon, king of the Arabs. He was one of the first of the distinguished Jews who were prominent in spreading Arabic science, especially medicine, to the Western Arabic territories. He was trained as a physician in Baghdad, where he studied Greek medicine and was in touch with the work done there in the translation and exposition of the Greek authorities. Some of his references to Galen are carried by Ó Cuinn into his own text. About the year 900, Ysaac was court physician and philosopher to Ziyadet Allah III at Qairawan, near Tunis. His treatise on urine is regarded as the best medieval work on the subject. Ysaac's

p.8

Avicenna

Some use was also made of Book 2, the Liber aggregatus de medicinis singularibus of Avicenna's Canon de medicina. Abu All al-Husain ibn Abdallah ibn Sina, known to Europeans as Avicenna, was born in Afshana, near Bukhara (which is now in the Soviet Union), in 980, and was at least partly Persian. He died in 1037 in Hamadhan. His Book of the Healing was a major influence on European philosophy and science until Aristotle's works became generally known. The Canon of Medicine was the medical textbook most used in Europe for some five centuries. Book 2 of the Canon consists of a list of simple medicines, arranged in alphabetical order, with an account of each one. I have used the translation from Arabic into Latin which was made in Toledo by Gerard of Cremona, who died in 1187, as printed by Petrus Maufer in Venice in 1486.

Serapion

O' Grady in the BM Catalogue states that the article on the hare (Chapter 170, Lepus) is based on the Book of Simple Medicines of Ibn Sarabi, otherwise Serapion the Younger. It will be necessary to check Serapion's book as a possible source for some of the Irish text. Very little is known of Serapion except that he lived probably in the 12th century, and that he was a physician who wrote in Arabic and who may

p.9

Others

Reference is made in the text to a number of other authorities, Alexander, Averrhoes, Constantine, Dioscorides, Mesue, Galen, Gillibertinus, Hippocrates, Rhases, but it may be taken that these references (except, perhaps, in the case of Rhases) were all derived by the Irish author from the versions he used of the five main sources above described.

Local sources

There is a number of items in the text for which no Latin sources have been found, and it is suggested in Chapter 4 that some of these may represent a purely Irish tradition.

In General

This Materia Medica is of a high standard. At a rough check, it appears that, of the 208 plant simples and 29 plant products discussed, some two thirds are mentioned in the 12th edition of the Pharmacognosy of Trease and Evans as being relevant still or until recently, and another 15 were and are of nutritional value. That the author discusses only those drugs which he knew to be in use, is indicated by the drugs which are discussed in the Erlangen copy of Circa Instans, but which are not referred to in the Irish version. Of the 38 such drugs, 33 are foreign and obviously hard to come by, and only five are plants that occur in the Irish flora. The author was

p.10

The text appears to be no slavish rendering of the voice of ancient authority, but a sensible selection of information believed to be of practical use. It indicates the ailments that were known in the country at the time, and the drugs that were used in treating them.

p.11

Copies of the text

National Library of Ireland MS G11:

Written on vellum and completed in 1466 by Donnchadh Ó Bolgaidi, with two or three unidentified collaborators. The manuscript contains a considerable amount of material on medical topics, including valuable copies of some legal tracts relating to medical practice. The Materia medica occupies pages 1–67. Nessa Ni Shéaghdha says, Cat, i 66, that parts of the manuscript may have been written at

p.12

National Library of Scotland, MacKinnon's MS III, fo. 1–80:

This is a fairly full copy of the text, containing 286 articles. It was made in the fifteenth century. The scribe gives his name as Gilla Coluim, and he indicates that he worked from the text as taken down by Gilla Padraic Ó Callanain from the author's dictation. Gilla Coluim does not indicate where the copy was made, but it has been in Scotland since at least the seventeenth century. The names of the plants are written in the margin in English, evidently by John Beaton, who wrote his name on folio 53b in 1671. On folio 85a he writes: E[oin] M'Bh[eathadh] 1671. MacKinnon, in his Catalogue of Gaelic MSS in Scotland, prints extracts from Articles in this manuscript corresponding to our Chapters 92, 158, 187 and 198, and he gives the scribe's colophon at the end of the text in full. It will be necessary to check the Glossary herein with John Beaton's English plant names.

Royal Irish Academy MS 458 (23 O 23):

A vellum manuscript, which may have been made in the 15th or 16th century.

RIA MS 464 (23 O 6):

p.13

A vellum fragment bound into the volume as pages 19–30 contains part of a Materia medica from Sambucus to Ydor. Is this part of our MM?

RIA MS 459 (23 Q 5):

This is also a vellum manuscript which was probably made in the 15th or 16th century.

NLScot, MacKinnon's MS LX, pages 303–463:

This copy, which contains 311 articles, was written in 1611–1614, in the main by Aonghus mac Fearchair mic Aonghuis, in Ardchonnel, for Donnchadh Ó Conchubhair. The scribe appears to be Aonghus Mac Beathadh, son of Farquhar Beaton of Husibost, Skye (see MacKinnon, Cat., top of p. 299).

Farquhar was physician to the Lord of the Isles, and he was, in his time, possessor of the well-made copy of the Irish Lilium Medicinae which is described by MacKinnon on p. 298– 301 (now NLScot. MS 2076). The handwriting in MS 2076 will need to be examined to see if it bears out the statement in MacKinnon p. 299 that that manuscript also was written by Aonghus. Aonghus received some of his medical training from Donnchadh Ó Conchubhair of Dunolly in Argyle. This Donnchadh (1571–1647) became ‘Donnchadh Albanach’ when he was in Ireland in the 1590's with Donnchadh Óg Ó Conchubhair, who was very likely a relative of his. In 1596, he was in the home of Donnchadh Óg, at Cullohill — Cúl Choill — by Achadh mic Airt, Mac Giolla Pádraig's headquarters, making a copy of the Irish Lilium Medicinae

p.14

British Library MS Add. 15403

This is a vellum MS, and it is dated by Standish O' Grady (Cat, p. 222) to the 16th century. It contains 151 of the chapters in the H.3. 22 version, and 14 chapters that are not in H.3.22. The headings of the chapters are printed by Stokes (1888), and O' Grady has, in the BM Catalogue, edited and translated extracts from the MS corresponding to our Chapters 36, 49, 62, 170, 215 and 242, as well as chapters on caraway (carui) and Spanish flies (Cantarides) that are not in H. 3. 22.

TCD MS 1334 (H. 3. 15):

This is also a vellum manuscript, and it is dated by the cataloguers ‘s. xvi?’.

TCD MS 1323 (H. 3.4):

This is also a vellum MS, dated by the Cataloguers ‘s. xvi?’. William O'Sullivan, Celtica xi 248, assumes that it was bought by the Library from Muiris Ó Gormáin: that would have

p.15

p.16

RIA MS 447 (23 K 42):

The Book of the O'Shiels, written in 1657–58 by Pádruic gruamdha O Siaghuil. The book was written in Connaught, where Pádruic says he and his brother, Pádruic Óg, were in exile (no doubt under pressure from Cromwell), and he prays God to recall them both to their ancestral home in Ibh Eachach (i.e. Iveagh), probably in Co. Armagh. He seems to have belonged to the branch of the O'Shiels who were physicians to the MacMahons of Oriel. The copy of the Materia medica takes up pages 322–444. It contains a little more than half the text, and breaks off with the heading ‘Gladiolus’, our Chapter 145. Una de Bhulf prints five extracts from this MS in Lia Fáil i 229–233, corresponding to our Chapters 3, 8, 17, 56 and 61.

John Rylands Library, University of Manchester, Irish MS 35:

Hayes (Catalogue of Manuscript Materials) gives the scribe as ‘Domhnall Ó Coinmhidhe (?), 17th century (?)’. This is the manuscript that Whitley Stokes calls ‘Lord Crawford's Irish medical MS’. It begins with a copy of our text, and Stokes prints the headings of some 118 of the Chapters in The Academy, May 16, 1896, pages 405–7. In his paper of 1898, Stokes includes a medical glossary from this MS.

NLIre MS G 19:

p.17

This MS consists of a copy of our text, made by Muiris Ó Gormáin in 1761. According to N. Ní Sheaghdha, NLIre Cat. p .71, the copy appears to have been transcribed from NLIre MS G11.

RIA MS 465 (23 N 20):

This manuscript contains a copy, on pages 65–134, of the same version of the Materia medica as the other Ó Longáin manuscripts (below). A colophon on page 134 states that it was written by Micheál Óg Ó Longáin for his own use in Cuil ui Murchadha, near Curracha Chiopain, in Musgraidhe, Co. Cork, in 1794.

RIA MS 470 (23 M 38):

Written in 1794 by Micheál Óg Ó Longáin.

RIA MS 460 (3 B 15):

A copy of RIA MS 459, made by Micheál Ó Longáin in 1829.

RIA MS 462 (24 M 34):

A copy made by Joseph Ó Longáin in 1848.

RIA MS 461 (24 B 2):

A copy made by Joseph Ó Longáin in 1848, stated to have been made from a copy made by Micheál Óg Ó Longáin in 1824, which in turn was made from a copy made by Micheál Ó Longáin in 1761.

RIA MS 448 (3 A 36):

p.18

A transcript of the Book of the O'Shiels, RIA MS 447, made by Joseph and Micheál Ó Longáin in 1870.

An English translation of the Materia medica, made by Joseph Ó Longáin in 1870 and based on the copies in the O'Shiel MS (RIA 447) and RIA 462, is contained in RIA MS 463 (24 M 28). This may be of interest for the names of the plants.

p.19

The doctors and the apothecaries

p.20

p.21

p.22

p.23

p.24

p.25

1. Aloe and aloe cicotino (aloes),
2. ambra (ambra),
3. ambre orientale,
4. antimoni,
5. aqua vite; "Probably one of the earliest references to it in British records",
6. argentum puro (airgead),

---

p.33

7. auro (or),
8. boile armeniche (uir sleibhe Armeinia),
9. cadmeauri (slaidteach),
10. calamenti (cailimint),
11. camamille (camamilla),
12. candi (siucra),
13. casafistul' (casia fistula),
14. castor (castorium),
15. ceüe (?)(mong mer),
16. cere (ceir),
17. ceruge (blath in luaidhe),
18. cinimat' Alex' (cainel),
19. cironis fundatis de gummis,
20. claretum (claired),
21. curalio (cruel),
22. diantos (diantos),
23. diaciminum (diasiminum),
24. diacitoniton,
25. diadragant'
26. diamargariton (diamargaireton),
27. diapenidion (diapinidi),
28. diaquilon
29. diaroddon abbatis (diaradon),
30. diazinziberios,
31. dyacameron,
32. dyagalanga (diagalanga),
33. dragees,

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p.34

34. electuar' ad restaur'
35. electuario confortativo,
36. ensens (olibanum),
37. fleur de fewes (ponaire),
38. fleur de orge (eorna),
39. fleurs de violés (sail cuach),
40. gariof' (clobus),
41. giginbres,
42. grane,
43. guimmauves (leamhach),
44. guminis (gum),
45. iacintar',
46. ladano (laudanum),
47. let de femmes (bainne),
48. liquirice (licoiris),
49. litarge (slaidteach),
50. mac' (mas),
51. margarit' (nemann),
52. mastiz (maisdix),
53. mauves (leamhach maighe),
54. mel (mil),
55. merre (mirr),
56. milelott (eachseamar),
57. musco (muscus),
58. olle rosat (ola),
59. oil rosat et violet et camamill',
60. oleo benedicto,

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p.35

61. oleo de terebinthino distillate,
62. oleo de tritico,
63. oleum fraxini,
64. oleum laurino (ola),
65. penides,
66. pewleus (poiliol ruibel),
67. pinguedine castor,
68. pione,
69. polii mianti (puliol montanum),
70. pomis granatis (ubull),
71. resumptioni,
72. reubarb' (reubarbrum),
73. reysins (risine),
74. rosat novelle,
75. roses (rós),
76. roses, felé de,
77. saturie (tulcan),
78. sauge (saidsi),
79. seminis,
80. sire verge,
81. stomatici confortationi,
82. tamarinde (tamuirindi),
83. terra sigilata (talam selaithi),
84. triasandali (sandaili),
85. tustie (tuisia),
86. unguento cum aloe cicotino et cadmeauri
87. unguenti cum balsamo et aloen cicotino,

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p.36

88. vino malorum garnatorum,
89. volveus,
90. zeodar,
91. zucar (siucra),
92. zucar' rosat' (siucra),
93. zucar violat (siucra).

1. musk (muscus),
2. cloves (clobus),
3. dragon's blood (fuil dreagain),
4. galanga root (gailingan),
5. betel nut,
6. sandalwood (sandaili),
7. rhubarb (reubarbrum),
8. nutmeg (nutamicc),

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p.37

9. tamarind (tamuirindi),
10. cassia bark (cainel),
11. croton oil,
12. nux vomica.

p.38

p.39

p.40

p.41

1. Abrotanum: southernwood, suramunt. Artemisia abrotanum.
2. Absinthium: wormwood, uormont. Artemisia absinthium*.
3. Agrimonia: agrimony, marbhdroighin. Agrimonia eupatoria*.
4. Ambrosia: tansy, lus na bhFranc. Tanacetum vulgare*.
5. Apium wild celery, meirse. Apium graveolens*.

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p.42

6. Betonica: betony, biotoine. Stachys officinalis*.
7. Cerefolium: chervil, comann gall. Anthriscus cerefolium
8. Cucurbita: gourd or pumpkin, cucuirbita. Cucurbita lagenaria.
9. Feniculum: fennel, feinéal. Foeniculum vulgare*.
10. Gladiola: iris, soileasdar. Iris pseudacorus*.
11. Libysticum: lovage, lubháiste. Levisticum officinale.
12. Lilium: Madonna lily, lilidh. Lilium candidum.
13. Marrubium: horehound, orofunt. Marrubium vulgare*.
14. Mentha: peppermint, mionntas. Mentha piperita*.
15. Nepeta: catmint, neift. Nepeta cataria*.
16. Papaver: poppy, poipin. Papaver spec.*.
17. Pepones: melon, mealón. Cucumis melo.
18. Pulegium: pennyroyal, poiliol rulbhéal. Mentha pulegium*.
19. Raphanus: radish, Raphanus sativus; in our text, the term is applied to the horse-radish — see the Glossary s.v. racam.
20. Rosa: rose, rós. Rosa spec.
21. Ruta: rue, ruibh. Ruta graveolens.
22. Salvia: sage, sáitse. Salvia officinalis.
23. Sclarea: clary, caince choille. Salvia sclarea.

p.43

‘The 16th of May, 1500. There was a ‘variance’ between Piers Archer, merchant of Kilkenny, and Muiris Ryan, inhabitant of the same, touching a garden which the said Muiris held from year to year for rent of the prior and convent of the hospital house of Saint John the Evangelist beside Kilkenny, in which he had made madder (madra in Glossary, Rubia tinctorum). It fortuned after, that a farm (a superior title) was given to the said Piers by the said prior and convent. The following Easter, Piers attempted to compel Muiris to take with him his madder out of the said garden, without giving him due notice. [To regulate similar situations for the future, it was] enacted that a tenant holding a garden or any other land for rent from year to year, not in way of farm, shall not be compelled by the lord of the garden or land to dig out his madder until it be two years old; and after the year, the said tennant shall have half a year more to take his madder with him for his profit.’

p.44

p.49

p.50

The medicinal substances

1. plant simples :    208
2. plant products :    29
3. animal products :    17
4. mineral substances :    24
5. compound medicines :    3
6. general topics :    11
7. :    292

p.51

COMPOUND MEDICINES

The Irish text is, as the formal title of its principal source, Circa Instans, indicates, a book of the simple medicines. However, a number of compound medicines are mentioned in the course of the text, and all of those mentioned below except diaeringe, diaturbit and scilleticum are included in the Antidotarium of Nicolaus, which was widely used for some centuries.

Nicolaus Salernitanus compiled his Antidotarium (spelt Antidotarius in the printing I used) early in the twelfth century, at a time when the medical community of Salerno was at its most productive. C. H. Talbot describes this book as an antidotary transmitted by Greek and Latin writers with additions and modifications imported from Arabic sources (1967, p. 42). It consists of a collection of recipes for standard compound medicines.

Trease and Hodson (1965) suggest that Hexham must have purchased some of his materials ready made, and that there may have been an

p.52

1. Apostolicon
   Our author describes apostolicon as ‘uinnemint imcubaidh na cneadh’, the appropriate ointment for wounds, and he says it is amongst the tretaib discailteacha, the dissolving plasters. Nicolaus calls it an emplastrum, and explains the Greek name as meaning ‘supra positum vel supra missum’. The main ingredients appear to be litharge (lead monoxide) and zinc, with wax and resinous substances, and some herbs. Mysteriously, an ounce of mistletoe is also required, as well as some hair clippings.
2. Benedicta
   This was an electuary, that is, a confection made by mixing a powdered drug with honey or syrup, and used to render some remedies palatable. The main ingredient by weight was spurge, with turbit and sugar, and lesser quantities of spices and flavoursome herbs. Honey was added as required.
3. Blanca
   Blanca is said to be so called because it purges the white phlegmatic humour. The ingredients include a number of resins and herbs, with a shot of spices, finishing with honey as required.
4. Diaeringe
   

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   p.53

   Presumably this was a compound of species of Eryngium. It is not mentioned by Nicolaus.
5. Diagalanga
   This was a confection of galangal rhizome, allied to ginger, hyssop, etc.
6. Dialtia
   Dialtea was an unguent, made chiefly from marshmallows, and also flax seed and fenugreek; smaller quantities of squills were added, and some resins. It is said to warm, soften and moisten, and was used for the chest.
7. Diamargariton
   This was an electuary containing 28 ingredients, mostly powdered pearls and spicey substances. Nicolaus says it is good for heartburn, depression, weakness of the heart or stomach, and consumption.
8. Diamoron
   An electuary made from mulberries, blackberries and honey, used for problems of the throat and gullet.
9. Diantos
   This was made from flowers of rosemary, roses and violets, with spices, and honey as required. It was good for depression, the undernourished, and convalescents.
10. Diapapaver
    

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    p.54

    The white poppy and barley sugar figure largely in this electuary, together with liquorice, some gums, and the melon family. It was ‘marvellous’ for lung problems.
11. Diapinidi
    Diapenidion was a concoction of barley sugar (penidia) and appears to have been used for pulmonary problems.
12. Diaradon
    Dyarodon, said to contain more of roses than of other medicines, but this is not too clear!
13. Diesene
    Diasene was an electuary of senna, containing sugar, and lesser quantities of spices etc. Our author says it purges the melancholic humour, and Nicolaus indicates it was used to treat depression.
14. Diasiminum
    Diaciminum, a confection of cumin.
15. Diaturbit
    Diaturbit was a confection or electuary based on turpeth, which is a cathartic drug obtained from the roots of certain plants of the Convolvulus family. Strictly, turpeth is the root of the Indian Ipomoea turpethum, but roots of Calystegia soldanella may have been used as a substitute.
16. Hierae
    There is a chapter in the Irish text on Yera pigra Galieni, based on the account of the drug given in the Antidotarium Nicolai. The

    ---

    p.55

    text also mentions Yera logodion, Yera pigra Constantini, and Yera Ruffini.
    Yera is from the Greek hierós (ιερóς), sacred. Avicenna devotes a tract in his Antidotarium ( Canon, Lib. 5, Su. 1, Tr. 2) to the hierae. He says they are purifying laxatives and his theme is that the name means ‘divine medicine’. The first of them that was known was hiera ruffi: at one time the name was confined to that hiera, but subsequently it came to be used for others as well. The hiera is regarded as a divine medicine because the action of a laxative is a divine thing which soothes because of the virtues of its nature. The hierae used not be given in a drink except when the doctors feared bad effects from the simple laxatives such as colocynth pulp, hellebore, etc ... . The doctor should know that the hierae are more soothing than decoctions or pills.
17. Marsiatan
    Ogden (1969, p. 103) says Oile Marciaton was another of the elaborate unguents, and she quotes Sigerist as showing how it grew from a comparatively simple compound of seven or eight ingredients in the works of the Byzantine writer, Paul of Aegina (seventh century), to an elaborate preparation of some fifty odd ingredients in the Antidotarium of Nicolaus. Nicolaus says it is named from Marcianus, the medico and philosopher who invented it. Apart from lots of wax and oil, and a long list of herbs in small quantities, the main items appear to be rosemary, laurel leaves, and rue.
18. Scilleticum
    

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    p.56

    This item is not included by Nicolaus. It appears to be a mixture of vinegar and honey, flavoured with squills.
19. Teotoricon anacardinum
    Nicolaus spells this Theodoricon Anacardi, and explains the first word in the name as meaning the Gift of God. Anacardi is the kidney-shaped nut of the Indian cashew tree, Semecarpus anacardium, which is included in Nicolaus' recipe. The number of other ingredients is not large, the main item being aloes. Principally a purgative, it also helps with the memory.
20. Trifera sarracenica
    Nicolaus lists a number of triferas (the Greek word τρυφερóς seems to mean effeminate, or delicate, the significance being that it makes a man young), but the one mentioned by Ó Cuinn may be taken to be Trifera Sarracenica. The Arabic influence is to be seen in the ingredients, which include a number of Eastern fruits which the Europeans learnt about from the Arabs, notably myrobalans, the fruit, mainly, of Terminalia chebula, a tree common in India. There are also sugar, and shots of anise and fennel. Violets are used, partly at least for colouring purposes. The uses mentioned by Nicolaus seem to refer mostly to cases where the head is hot.

AQUA VITAE

In the Trinity College manuscript, H. 3. 22, immediately after our Materia medica, there occurs a longish essay on the medical uses of aqua vitae, or distilled alcohol, written by the same scribe who wrote

p.57

The distillation of alcohol was still in its early stages in this country in Tadhg Ó Cuinn's time, and it is unlikely that the making of a good whiskey from malted barley and other cereals was achieved until somewhat later in the 15th century.

AN IRISH TRADITION?

There are some items in the Irish text in respect of which no Latin sources have been found. These items include:

1. athair talmun, yarrow, Achillea millefolium (this one features some action at a distance);
2. bilur muire, brook lime, Veronica beccabunga;
3. brisclan, silverweed, Potentilla anserina;
4. caisearban bec, devil's bit scabious, Succisa pratensis;
5. curnan caisil, wall pennywort, Umbilicus rupestris;
6. easbuc beoain, ox-eye daisy, Leucanthemum vulgare;
7. eigheann talman, ground ivy, Glechoma hederacea;
8. eilitreog, orach, Atriplex patula;
9. finscoth, hound's tongue, Cynoglossum officinale-;

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p.58

10. flidh, chickweed, Stellaria media;
11. fotlacht, narrow-leaved water parsnip, Berula erecta;
12. gluineach bec, knot-grass, Polygonum aviculare;
13. lus creidhe, burnet saxifrage, Pimpinella saxifraga;
14. lus na cnam mbristi, comfrey, Symphytum officinale;
15. lus na sum talman, wild strawberry, Fragaria vesca;
16. rinn ruisc, scarlet pimpernel, Anagallis arvensis;
17. ros lachan, common duckweed, Lemna minor;
18. saileach, willow, Salix spec.;
19. serban muc, sow-thistle, Sonchus oleraceus;
20. sidual, setwall, Valeriana pyrenaica; the wild sort is Valeriana officinalis; in this chapter, there appears to be reference to distillation, where it is said to make a ‘water’ of the herb as is done in the case of rose-water;
21. soibirgin, cowslip, Primula veris;
22. soilisdur, yellow flag, Iris pseudacorus.

Apart from Valeriana pyrenaica, which is not native to Ireland and was grown in gardens, these plants are all common Irish plants. In nearly every case, the article dealing with the plant includes more or less elaborate recipes (a feature which is not characteristic either of Circa Instans or of Ó Cuinn's text generally) and the ingredients recommended are nearly all commonly available Irish plants. It is likely that in these cases, or in most of them, Ó Cuinn was drawing on a purely Irish tradition.

p.59

An Irish Materia Medica

p.60

1. Aron barba, iarus, pes uituli .i. tri hanmanda an geadhair & is follus da reir Raisis a leabar Coilleged³ co fuil an luibh so teasaide tirim sa treas ceim, et co fuil brigh lactach tseimh discailteach a preim na luibhi so. Et fognaidh co mor an luib so do minugad, maille re blonaig muice & ceirin de da chur arna neascoidibh fuara & discailidh & seimighidh & aipigh iat. Item, gabtar an luibh cetna & a hurdail dan coinnill muire & a cur a mailin nua lin & bearbtar ar uisce co maith & curtar te fon timtireacht & foiridh flux re n-abar emuroidhas. Item, dentar pudur min da premaib na luibhi so & curtar isna cneadaibh a mbia ainfeoil. Item, gabtar prema na luibi cetna & tirmaidtear & dentar pudur dib & cumusctar le h-uisce roisi & curtar {ms folio 47a2} ar in aigid & scrisaidh a fathadh & a brici & da beir dat solus glan uirri. Et adeir Platiarius iiii brigha annsa luibh so .i. brigh discailteach & brigh cnaiteac & brigh lagsaidithi & brigh tanaiteac, gurab uime sin ordaigtear an neascoid na cluas an luibh so da bruith ar fin & ar ola & ar blonaig muice & pudur cuimin da cur innte & a cur amail ceirin arna cluasaib & foirigh galar na cluas. Et as imcubaid an luibh so da tobairt an agaid cumga na h-anala noc re n-abur asma. An luibh so da brisead & a bruith ar blonaigh mathgamna no ar seanblonag tuirc & a fascadh & a coimilt dan ucht & dona maethanaibh & fairsingidh an anal & bogaig

p.61

don geadhur

da sug na n-airned n-an-abaigh

dan uormant

dan tsurumant

don neanntoig

don tathaba

don adhaind

don tsamhadh

don finegra

{ms folio 47b1} don meacon righ

don chrimh

don agairg

don marbdroighin

dan meastorc

dan dubchosach

p.62

don uinneamuin spainnidh

d'uball na darach

don columbín

don eilistront

dan ael ur

don leamaigh

don aloeise

don fuinnseoig

don uinniman garrda

dan aillm

don ambra

{ms folio 47b2} don iubair sleibhe

da gerraneime

dan amillum

don scabios

don gairleoig

don ros neannta

don anetum

do blath na roisi

don ainis

don meirsi garrda

don argallaimh

don eilifreoig

don agairg recte airgead beo.

don gum craind

don stoinse

p.63

don buatfallan

{ms folio 47b3} do lus na frange

don poliol ruibel

dan macall

don cnai gaedilach

don coirci

don liatlus

don or.

2. Accacia⁴, sucus prunellarum .i. sugh na n-airneadh n-an-abaigh & ata an sug so fuar isin cet ceim & tirim sa treas ceim & is imcubaid a tabuirt don lucht ara mbi sacrum ignem .i. an tine diadh & dan luct aga mbi teasaideacht maille re fliuchaideacht 'na suilibh & is maith dan lucht aga mbi bruth no gerba ara mbel. Item, adeir Avicenna an tan teit an maclach no an timtireacht amach an sugh so da tobairt amail clisteri & co n-impaiginn asteach iat & co mbid slan da eisi. Item, adeir Ar. da tuctar {ms folio 47b4} an sug so amail digh co toirmiscinn flux na brond & co hairithe disinteria amail adeir Avicenna.

3. Absinthium, centonica, pointicum .i. tri hanmanda an uormoint & aderur co fuil an luib so teasaide annsa cet

p.64

p.65

Item, gabh sugh na luibhi so & sug andiuia comtrom de gach ni & eabar an aigid cruais na n-ae & na buideochuire thic o linn ruadh. Item, gabtar sug na luibhi so & siucra & uisce bog & eabur ar cet longadh & foiridh gach uili tinneas cinn tic o adbar ghaethmur leanna ruaigh noch eirgheas on gaili cum in cinn. Item, gabtar sugh na luibhi so & finegra & uisce bog & eabar ar cet longad & foiridh suficacio matrisis. Item, bearbtar an luibh so ar fin & bristear co maith & curtar ceirin ar druim na seilgi de & foiridh cruas na seilgi & na n-ae. Item, gabtar sudh aipsinti & mil & pudur cuimin & cumusctar tri na celi & curtar mar ceirin ar in mball teit a nguirim no a ndroch-dath & foiridh a tinneas.

Et fós togairmigh an fuil mista. Et fos adeir Galienus a Leabar na Ceiminn co fuil folmugadh leanna ruaigh co hairedha innte & leanna finn co tanaiste & co hairithi o bel an gaili & ona haeibh. Et aderar annsan inadh cetna co fuilid da brigha contrardha annsa uormont .i. brigh lactach & brigh fastoiteach, brigh lactach an tan teagmas na leanna arna ndileagadh annsa gaili o catham {ms folio 48a3} na

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{ms folio 48b1} 4. Abrotanum, camphorata, .i. da ainm Laidianta an t-suramuint & ata an luib so da reir Platiarius teasaide sa dara & tirim annsa cet ceim. A bearbad ar uisce & foiridh cumgacht an cleibh & an cosachtach tic o adbar fuar.

Item, a brisid & a bruith ar fin & a tobuirt amail digh & togairmidh an fual & an fuil mista. Item, an luib so da bruith ar fin & foghnaidh co mor an agaid tinnis na n-arann & na n-innedh darub ainm lion & colon & an aigid fuardachta na feitheadh ana digh & ana ceirin. Item, as imcubaigh an luibh so an aigid gach uili neimhe leath amuit & leat astidh. Item, an luibh cetna da brisidh & a coimilt ar uisce & a tobairt roim aixis fiabhrasa coididiana & quartana & icaidh. Item, uinnemint da denam (am) dan luibh so & da blonaig muice & d'ola coitcinn & a

p.67

{ms folio 48b3}5. Acalife, urtica: .i. da ainm na neanntoigi & ata an luib so tirim sa treas ceim & teasaide sa iiii, & adeir Avicenna gurab inmolta an luib so an aigid fuardachta an scamain & an aigid na sean-cosachtaidhi bis re fada ar

p.68

Item, as maith an luibh so da bearbadh ar fin & an fin so da congbail co fada annsa bel & as maith an aigid tuitim & reamhadas an t-sine thseaain. Et adeir Platiarius an luib so da bearbadh ar fin & a tobairt an aigid an galair buighi & íce & fos as imcubaidh an aigid coilica passio &

p.69

6. Arasca, elleborus albus: .i. da ainm an tataba gil, & as teasaide tirim sa treas ceim he. Et adeir Avicenna gurab do na leigesaibh folmaideas co dasachtach suas & sis e, & as mor urcoidigheas munfa dileaghtar an t-adbar roimhe & ata ruidhleas aigi d'impogh na rann fliuch a ngaethamlacht gan fuireach & gnathaightear e a leigesaib comsuigighte & a siroipibh lactacha & daberur e mai{ms folio 49a3}lle re sugh cruithneachta no tsisain eorna cum bogaidh na leannann & as luga urcoidigheas arna bruith na arna caitim fuar. Et as lugha urcoidigheas a cumasc na leigis na arna tobairt co haenda & adeir Ipocras a Libro Ampoirismorum madh ailt an leiges so da tobairt gan comhnaighe da denam da eisi acht an corp da gluasacht co prap da eisi & ase as adbar do sin .i. on comnaighi a haitli an leigis so impaidtear an fliuchaideacht a ngaetamlacht & teagmaidh an gaethamlacht so cum an craighi innus co teit an anbainne & uair ele a mbas. Et folmaidh an leiges so linn finn righin co hoireada & linn ruagh co tanaiste guru{ms folio 49b1}b airi sin as imcubaidh an leiges so da gach uili easlainti tic o leannaib righne fuara amuil ata apoplexia & eipilepsia & sietica & potagra & artetica

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Albagia, portulaca, pes pulli: .i. tri hanmanna na hadainne & ata si fuar fliuch sa treas {ms folio 49b2} ceim & is mor a brigh úr & as bec a brigh feoighi & ata cumhachta alci .i. na baill da cur a fuardhacht & a fliuchaideacht co hailghineach gurab airi sin is imcubaidh a mbiadh hi da lucht na fiabras coilerda & fognuidh se co mor dona dainibh ina mbia ainnteas co hinmedonach & fognuidh fos an aigid consipasion na bronn isna heaslaintib gera & a bearbadh maille re hairnedaibh & a catamh idir lus & airni a haitli a mbearbtha & is imcubaidh an lus so an aigid brisidh an beoil & in luibh so da brisidh & fritbuailidh na neascoide ana tosach co himcubaidh. Et tuic leat da reir Platiairius an tan bis an lus so arna tirmugad co

p.71

8. Acedula, oxilapacium, rumei: .i. tri hanmanna an tsamaigh & aderaid na dochtuiredha an luib si da beith fuar isin cet ceim & tirim sa dara ceim & fognaidh co mor an aigid na tene diadh & a brisidh & agailteac triti & a cur amail ceirin. Item, den{ms folio 49b3}tar an luib cetna da brisidh & sugh na n-ubull trithe & a cur arin creacht a mbia aillsi & icaidh. Item, an luibh cetna da brisidh & gealan uighe trithi & foirigh att & teasbach na sul.

Item, an luibh cetna da brisid co min & a cur amail ceirin arin mball loisctear o teinigh no o uisce & icaidh. Item, dentar sugh na luibhe so da cumasc maille re plur mine eorna & icaidh an potagra & an t-artetica tic o teasaideacht. Item, sugh na luibhe cetna da cumusc maille re h-ola na roisi & a cur amail ceirin arin ceann & icaidh a tinneas an tan tic o teasaideacht. Item, an luibh {ms folio 50a1} cetna da bearbadh maille re fin dearg & caitear & icaidh flux na bronn. Item, an luibh cetna da cur isin maclac no a sugh d'ol & icaidh flux na fola mista. Item, adeir Maid an luib cetna da tobairt an aigid peisteadh na brond & marbaidh iat gan fuireach. Et adeir an fear cetna an luib so da caitimh an aigid urcoidi & neme & uilc na mban & gach uili neimhi. Et adeir fos co comfurtachtaidinn an radarc & co coimedaighinn & a gnathughadh an tslí & adeir fos co fognann an luibh so an

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9. Accetum, oxiren, oxiriun: .i. tri hanmanna an finegra & adearaid na doctuiri a beith fuar isin cet ceim & tirim sa ii ceim & ata brigh seim tolltanach {ms folio 50a2} discailteach & coimceangail aici & adearaid na doctuire rós dearg & ubla dulilleabair na darach da bruith ar finegra & foiridh gac uili sceatrach & flux & Minntas da bruit ar finegra & a cur ar bel an gaili & coiscidh an sceatrach & gurmaill da bruit mar an cetna & a cur amail ceirin fona hairnib & coiscidh flux an fuail. Item, meacain na righ raitnighi & prema airgead luacra da bruith ar finegra & a cur amail ceirin fon imlican & coisgidh flux na brond & not leat da reir Avicenna sil losa da cur a fin tren re 4 huairib xx & bidh 'na finegra. Item, bruit coirt darach ar finegra noco ndeach a trian no a leath fai & tumtar olunn annsa sugh sin & curtar arin imlican & coiscidh flux na bronn. Item, adeir finegra da cumusc maille re siucra amail dithsiroip & a tobairt an aigid an terciana & in coididiana noch donitear o linn finn {ms folio 50a3} milis no o linn finn saillte & an aigid gach easlainte geri & a tobairt maille re huisce bog. Item, oiximul aenta da denamh don finegra .i. da rann d'finegra & en rann meala & a bearbad noco mbia a tighe meala & fognaidh da dileaghadh

p.73

10. Accride, bancia, pastinaca: .i. tri hanmanna an meacain righ & adearur an luib so da beith teasaide a medon an ii ceim & fliuch a tosach an ii ceim & adeir Plaitiairius gurab mo imcubhuigheas an luibh da leith an bidh na da leith an leigis & tuismidtear fuil remur uaithi & medaigid co mor an toil & an sperma & fodnaigh prema na luibhi so da catatamh omh da lucht leanna duibh {ms folio 50b2} & cuiridh a fliuchaideacht iat & medaighi a coimpert &

p.74

11. Affodillus, centum capita, aillium agreiste: .i. tri hanmanna an creamha & adeir Platiairius as mo as imcuibe dhi a premha so cum an leigis na a duilleabar & as mo foghnus a hur na a crin & ata brigh togairmthi an fuail{ms folio 50b3} & glanta na n-arann innte & ata an luib so teasaide tirim sa ii ceim & sugh na luibhi so da cur ar loscadh teneadh no uisce & icaidh & an luibh so da chognamh & foiridh an galar beil.

Item, gabh prem rusc ualauairt & a urdail eli da prem rusc truim & a mbearbadh ar sugh na luibhi so & foirid an igroipis re n-abur leucafleadmainnsia & a sugh da cur isna foibertaibh & foiridh galar na sul. Item, adeir Plaitiairius nach imcubaidh ach a blath amhain cum an leigis & fetar so da taisgi go ceann da bliadain an a brigh & an a hoibriugad & ata brigh

p.75

12. Agaricus, fungus: .i. da ainm na h-agairge & ata si teasaide tirim annsa cet ceim ase is agairg ann .i. farcan crainn darub ainm abietis & a crich na h-Innia fasas {ms folio 51a2} & ataid da gne air .i. gne mascalta & gne ementa. Et isi in gne ementa as mo foghnas cum an leigis & is mar so athaintear i .i. an tan bristear an gne ementa an a brataibh sleamhna & ni mar sin an tan bristear an gne mascalta ach beith an a bruscar mín & adeir Ebe Mesue gurab i an agairc as gili & is usa da brisid as fearr ann & folmuigid si linn finn co hoireada & linn dubh co tanaiste & gurub airi sin as mor foghnus an aigid terciana an tan tic o coilera sitrina & uitiliana & fodnuidh an

p.76

Item, gabh egrim Gaedilach & bruith ar fin & cuir pudur agairge ar an fin hisin & foiridh gach uili fual-galar & tinneas bis isin tslait ferrdha & adeir Ebe Mesue co tairrnginn a pudur so na cnama bristi {ms folio 51b1} asna cneadhaib & co n-innarbann an droch-feoil & co tobair feoil maith inntu & co leigesinn gach uili linnida & feadantacht teit a mi-cenel. Item, pudur min da denam de & a timperail le sugh clamain lin & le hola & a cur isin timtireacht ar cadas min & foiridh emeroidhis & gach uili gne don daergalar. Item, dentur pudur min de & curtar salann trit & fuilidtear arin ngne luibri re n-abur moirfia arin inadh a mbia & croithtear an

p.77

13. Agrimonia, argimonia: .i. da ainm an marbdroigin & is luibh teasaide tirim sa treas ceim e & aderur co fodhnann co mor a foibertaib & a ceirinib cum na sul & co comfurtachtaidinn {ms folio 51b2} an radarc & co n-innarbann an salchar na sul & gach docamlacht⁶ eli da mbinn ortha & co ngearrann ainfbeoil an fabra & co n-innarbann & co togaidh gac teimil eli bis orta & coiscidh a tinneas & foirigh na cneadha fliucha & coiscidh flux fola na srona & a cur fa cinn an duine na codladh & ni musclann no co ma hail leat. Et a brisidh maille re finegra & foiridh na faithneadha.

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14. Agnus castus: .i. in meas torc allaidh & is luibh teasaide tirim he sa 4 ceim & aderuid na dochtuiri crand risin luibh so & is inunn aghnus castus re radh & uan geanmnaighi & as uimi aderur sin ris .i. loighdiugadh na toili do-ni & blath na luibhi so as fearr cum an leigis & a tinol isin earrach & berídh a brigh re feadh bliadhna ann & da ndearntar leabaidh da duilleabhar & neac da laighi air gan edach aturu bid genmnaighi amail uan & dentur fothragad da {ms folio 51b3} duilleabhar na luibi so fon mbandacht & fon fearrdacht & mucaicear an toil & in druis uadha. Bristear an luibh so & coimiltear idir bosaib ar uisce & sitoiltear da eisi & bearbtar becan don castoirium arin sugh so & toirmiscidtear gac uili geneamain ona ol.

Et dentar ceirin da duilleabhar na luibhi so & toirmiscidh an easlainte re n-abar gomoiria. Et not leat co fuil leigis ann toirmisceas eirghi na slaiti fearrda & leigis noch reamaraigheas & techtas an an sperma & leigis eli noch discaileas & cnaiis an fliuchaideacht & as iat so na leigis remraighis an sperma .i. sil an {ms folio 52a1} lacdaca & pisillium & sitruilli & melones & cucuirbita & cucumeris & porculaca & scairiola & accetum .i. uinegra sumac & campora & as iat so na leigis tirmaidheas in sperma & laighdigeas na spiruda amail ata ruib & meas torc allaigh & coinnill muire & cailmint & cuimin & anetum gona cosmaili oir atait so cnaiteac discailteac ac toirmisc na gaethamlachta noc as adbar d'eirgi na slaite ferrda⁷

p.79

Item, gabh sug feineil & sugh meas toirc allaigh & bearbtar tri ℥ dan easola orta & sitoiltear & tobair da ol da lucht na hidroipisi & foiridh gach uili idroibpis. Item, gabh meas toirc allaigh & cainci cailli & bearbtar ar uisce & dentar fothragadh⁸ fona huirgib & fon maclac di & tirmaidig imurcraid an maclaic & cumgaid bel an maclaic innus co tobair an fuil mista co foreigneach & co faiscinn amail adubrumar. Item, gabh meas torc allaigh & meirsi & saidsi & bearbtar ar uisce saillti & bearrtar an ceann & coimiltear da chul an cinn & icaidh an galar re n-abar litairgia.

{ms folio 52a2} 15. Alacon, politricum, capillus ueniris: .i. tri hanmanna an dubcosaigh & as fuar tirim mi-measarda hi & ata brigh oslaicteac diureticach innte & as mor fognus an algid duinti na n-ae & na seilgi & ainnteasa na mball cetna & an luibh cetna da bearbadh ar uisce & a tobairt ana digh no ceirin da denamh dhi & a cur ar druim na n-ae & foiridh a n-ainnteas & a cruas. Et adeir Platiairius gurab mor brigh na luibi so ur & gurab bec a brigh crin; an luibh so da bearbadh ar uisce co maith & siucra da cumasc trite & a tobairt amail digh & foirigh duinti & ainnteas na n-ae & na seilgi & an luibh cetna da brisidh & ola da cur trite &

p.80

{ms folio 52a3} 16. Alapin, cepa mairina, scilla: .i. tri hanmanna an uinneamuin spainnidh & ata se teasaide tirim sa ii ceim & ata brigh discailteac diureticach glantach aigi & ata brigh marbhtac aigi an tan tic uadha fein co fiadhanta & ata brigh comfurtachta na slainti ann an tan curtar co haicideac a ngarrgaibh e. Et gairmid drong ele cepa marina de .i. uinniman {ms folio 52b1} muiridhi & an tan curtar a leigeasaib he dleagar a roinn .i. an leath imilleach dhe da chur amach oir ata brigh marbtach ann & an leath inmedonach da cur cum an leigis & cum an oiximel darub ainm scilletorum & fodnaigh an t-oiximel so co mor cum dileaghtha adbhuir coididiana & quartana & ilica passio & artetica & an fir-uinneaman⁹ da bruit ar fin & ar ola & a cur ar druim na n-ae & na seilgi & foirigh a cruas & a tinneas. Item, curtar scilla re v la dheag a fin & an ola & fiuchadh da tobairt air & as a haitli ceir¹⁰ da cur trit & uinnemint da denamh dhe & a coimilt do druim na n-ae & na seilgi & icaidh a cruas & a tinneas & a bearbadh ar finegra & do-ni mar in cetna. Et tuic leat na hinair

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17. Alapsa, galla, pomum quersuus: .i. ubull fasas ar duilleabar na darach ata fuar tirim sa ii ceim & tirim sa treas ceim & is {ms folio 52b2} amlaid is maith iat a mbeith trom reamur gan puill innta & ata gne eli dib noch da gabtar annsan Aisia & annsan Afraic & is bec an gne hisin & ni bid puill innta & ata brigh fostoiteach coirtiteach innta araen & adeir Platiarius pudur da denum dib & a cumusc maille re finegra & le gealan ugh & a cur arin imlican & arna dubanaib & foirigh flux na bronn & flux fuail na n-arann. Et bearbtar ar uisce fertana & dentar urbruith fon timtireacht de & foirid flux disinteria & emoroighidas. Et a mbrisidh & a mbearbadh ar sisan eorna & clisteri da denam de & foirigh stranguria. Item, bearbtar an fer cetna ar finegra & ar uisce fairgi & curtar farcan ann an tan beas ac fiucadh & a cur ar bel an gaili & foirigh gac uili sceatrach tic o anmainni na brighi. Item, adeir an fear cetna e da brisidh & a bruith ar uisce fertana & a tobairt ar cadas amail pisairium isin maclocc & foirigh flux fola na mban & uair eli a bruith {ms folio 52b3} ar sug cruaichi Padraig & a tobairt

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18. Albedarug, colubrina¹¹, basilicon: .i. tri hanmanna an colambin & ata se teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & gach neach aga mbi ar imurchur no a coimilt de ni urcoidighinn naitreaca neime do nait coin confuigh & an luibh so da bruith & a cur arna neascoidibh amail ceirin & brisidh ortha. Item, sugh na luibhi cetna no an luibh fein da brisidh & a cur arin creacht a mbi aillsi & icaidh & is maith an aigid dorcachta & teimhil an radairc sugh preimhi na luibhi so & blath na {ms folio 53a2} luibhi cetna da cur a sroin na mban torrac & do-ni toghluasacht. Item, an luibh cetna da bruith ar fin & co hairithi a prema & togairmid

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19. Alagsandrum, masedonica, petrusidinum: .i. tri hanmanna an elistroint¹² & ata an luib so teasaide tirim a ndeireadh an dara ceim & Aderur persilli alastroint risin luibh so & is inann coimpleasc¹³ do & don persilli garrdha & ata brigh diureticac innti. Et as mor fognus sil na luibhe so cum an leighis & ata brigh discailteac chna{ms folio 53a3}iteac innti & fos ata brigh seimhidthi na leannann reamur innti & comfurtachtaidtear an gaili & medaidtear an totlugadh uaithi & brisidh na clocha fuail & togairmigh an fuil mista & furtachtaidhid co mor da lucht na higroipisi & fodnuidh co mor da duintib na n-ae & na seilgi an tan tic o adbar fuar & glanaig an t-uct & an scamhan o adbar reamur {ms folio 53b1} leanna find. Et an luib fein da bhrisidh & a chur ana ceirin arin cheand & foiridh an carraighi & in moirfeaa & a brisidh & a cur annsa mbanndacht & togairmidh an fuil mista & an slanugadh & an togluasacht. Et fodhnuigh co mor da luct coididiana antribulata & gnathaidhtear sil na luibhi so & seimhigid na leanna remra

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Albeston, calx uiua: .i. da ainm ata arin ael ur & aseadh as calx uiua he an tan nach boinind fliucad ris & folmuigig co hoireada linn finn rigin & marbaidh na huili dergnait & mil da croitear a leabaid e & ni dleagar a tobairt co haenda ana purgoit gan leiges eli 'na farradh & foiridh na huili d'finegra folio" n="53b2"> ainmfeoil bis isna cneadhaibh & marbaidh na peisti gebe inad a mbeid isin corp.

21. Altea, malbua, bismalua: .i. tri hanmanna an leamhaidh & aderur an luib so da beith teasaide sa ced ceim & fliuch sa ceim tanaisti & as imcubaidh an luib so d'oirithin na cneadh & d'fas a feola. Et fos is imcubaidh i isna clisterib da lucht teneasmon & as cumachtach an luibh so an aigid leonta na mball & an aigid aitt a ngac inad a mbia. Item, prema na luibhi so do bruith & a mbrisid & blonag muice da cur tritu & foirigh gach uili att & teinneas neimh da curtar an gum darub ainm terbentina trit foiridh mar an cedha gac uili att & neimh. Item, an luibh so da bearbadh & a sugh da cur annsa maclac & glanaidh e ona salcar & furtachtaidh on tinnis. Et adeir Platiairus ceirin da denamh don luibh so an aigid thinnis & tirmaidh na feitheadh. Et an luibh so {ms folio 53b3} da bruith cona premhaibh & foiridh gac uili tinneas na mball ana urbruith

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22. Aloe, epaticum, cicotrinum: .i. tri hanmanna na h-aloese & sugh luibe e & ata se teasaide tirim sa ii ceim & ni mor lagas & as iat so an da gne as fearr dhi .i. cicotrinum{ms folio 54a1} & epaticum & ar dath na n-ae as maith iat & a mbeith dorcha so-bristi & gan a mbeith drocblasta na do-balaidh & ata folmugadh leanna finn & na leannann remur innti on gaili & ona hinnib & ata brigh glanta na hinchinne & brigh comfurtachta na feitidh & coiscidhthi na

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23. Alphur, flos fraxini: .i. blath na fuinnseoigi & ata se teasaide tirim sa treas ceim & croicin & sil an crainn so do bruith ar uisce & an duine ara mbia flux a haitli purgoidi da cur ann conuig a imlican & farcan na fuinnseoigi da bearbadh ar uisce fertana & a ol & {ms folio 54a3} foirigh gach uili flux & a bearbadh ar finegra & croicinn an croin cetna & edach lin do tuma ann & & & a chur arin ngaili & icaid a tinneas & premr rusc an croinn so da bearbadh ar fin no co ndech a trian fai & furtachtaidh luct na seilgi & folmuigid linn dubh.

24. Allusal, cepa: .i. da ainm {ms folio 54b1} an uinneamhain gharrda & ata se teasaide fliuch sa treas ceim & comfurtachtaid & calmaigid an gaili & an dileagadh & medaigaid an tothlugadh & innarbaid brentus na fiacal & na hanala. A brisidh & a cumasc le mil no le finegra & a cur ar greim na con confaidh co ceann an treas la & a atarrach an 3 la ar eagla na neimhe d'impod aris. Item, gabh sug uinneamhain & imain & bainne cic & a cumasc trina celi & a chur i sin cluais & foirigh gach tinneas cluaise. Item,

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25. Alumen, stipteria, sucarium: .i. tri hanmanna na h-ailime & aderur a beit teasaide tirim sa iiii ceim & ata brigh cnalteac tirmaidteac alci & fotracad da denam d'ailim & da tsalann d'fer na higroipisi & foiridh an igroipis. Item, pudur do denam do cuide{ms folio 54b3}ogaib & d'ailim trina ceili & a cur an inad a mbia aillsi & foiridh hi. Item, pudur da denamh dhi & a cur arna creachtaib a mbia ainmfeoil & foiridh e & icaid sreama na sul & uisce na hailmi da cur arna sreamaib & seangaid & tirmaid iat. Item, bruit mil & finegra & beirb noco mbia a tigi meala & pudur na h-ailimi da cur trit aindsein & greim {ms folio 55a1} da congmail isin bel de & daingnigidh na fiacla & cruadaig feoil na fiacul & atait tri gneiti uirri .i. rotunndum & licidum & scissum & asi scissum gnathaidtear againne & a tirtaib ro-teasaide da gabur i. Item, adeir Platiairius uisce na h-ailime da chur a feadanaib linnighan & foiridh iat. Item, gab raib & allim, comtrom do gach ni, & beirbtear ar finegra & foirigh gach uili carraige & aderaid na doctuiri gurub i is maighistir da gach uili dath.

26. Ambra, spearma ceti: .i. coimpeirt an mil moir & as mor fodnus. As imcubaighi an aigid na heipilepsia i; gabh cnaimh craige an fiada & doen casnaidheach de & cuir ambra trit & a cur a soitheac gloine ar smearoidigib derga {ms folio 55a2} & leagar a balad fo bel & fo sroin fir na heipilepsia &

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27. Ambrosiana, eupatorium, lilifagus: .i. tri hanmanna na hiubair sleibe & ata si teasaide sa cet ceim & tirim sa ii ceim & aderur saidsi coilleadh risin luib so & is mor a brigh ur & as bec a brigh crin & as mor fodnus si an aigid quartana & coididiana & an aigid na pairilisi uilidighe no rannaighi & an aigid na higroipisi re n-abur alsiteis & an aigid na buideocairi tic o duintib n{ms folio 55a3}a n-ae & as amlaid da berur hi .i. an luib so da bruith ar sug meirsi & mil & finegra da cur trite & a tobairt amail siroip & foirig cruas na seilge. Et as do buadaib na luibi an fuil mista da togairm & glanaid slidti an fuail & fidhisi na n-arann on a ngaineam. Item, tobair sugh na luibhi so & eitneadha sirin da tobairt da n-ol & marbaid na huili peisti bis a corp duini.

28. Anabulla, titimaillus: {ms folio 55b1} .i. gerraneime & is luib teasaide tirim sa treas ceim e da reir na ndochtuiredh & in luib so do tinol isna laeib re n-abur dieis cainicalareis & a cumusc a haitle a bristi re mil &

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29. Amedum, amillum: .i. leiges do-nitear da sugh na cruithneachta & adeir Platiairius co fuil an leiges so tesaide fliuch co measurda & aderuid dochtuire ele an leiges so da beit fuar tirim co measurda & as mar so do-nitear é .i. gab cruithneacht glan no eorna remur glan & a chur an uisce fuar re lo co n-aitchi & na hatruidtear an t-uisce so no go mboga an gran & a brisedh & a fascad tri edach & a tirmugad le grein no le tene no co mbia na pudur & a denamh amail potaiste & as maith e da tirmugad na fliuchaideachta imurcach bis isna corpaibh co hinmedonach. Item, amedum da chumasc & sarcacolla .i. gum & a cumusc trina ceili co maith & a cur ar ing lín & a chur ar druim na sul & foiri{ms folio 55b2}dh a fliuchaideacht & a ndeirgi. Item, potaiste da denamh de & siucra geal da chur ann & glanaidh an t-ucht & na scamana & creachta an coirp co hinmedonac gurab uime sin as mor fognas an aigid na cosachtaidhi & na leannann seimh silteach tic on incinn & da nderntar d'eorna he & a cumasc le bainne le bainn almont & is mor foghnus an aigid na tisisi & na

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30. Ancula alba, scabiosa: & ata se teasaide tirim sa ii ceim & an luib so da brisidh & a bruith ar blonaig muice no re hola & foirigh an carraighi & sugh na luibhi so do coimilt don bruitidain & foiridh. Item, eabar iiii dragma {ms folio 56a1} da sug na luibi so & foirigh an luibri re n-abar allapisia. Item, bearbtar an luib so & gairleog cailli ar fin & curtar te arin timtireacht & icaidh an easlainte re n-abar emoroigideis & a chur amail ceirin isin inad cetna & foirigh bolga na timtireachta & fos fodnuid an ceirin cetna an aigid neascoid na timtireachta & teneasmon & an aigid an rema fuair isna sean-dainibh & a berbad ar fin & a tobairt da ol. Et ceirin da denamh don luibh so & gealan uighe trit & foirigh an neascoid re n-abur antrax. Et adeir Plaitiairius sugh na luibi so da cur sa cluais an aigid na buigri & foiridh an buighri. Et adeir Maitcer ceirin da denam don luib so & d'im gan saland & foirid teinnis na taebh & na n-arann & in luibh cetna da bruith ar mil & foirigh an cosactach tirim. Et lan leighe da sug na luibhi si da tobairt da ol & foiridh olc na mban & gac uili neim da caitinn neach & a brisidh & blonaig muice {ms folio 56a2} trit brisidh na neascoidi amail adeir Averoeis.

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31. Aillium: .i. an gairleog, teasaide tirim a medon an iiii ceim da reir Plaitiairius; gairleog omh & a cur ar cneadhaibh na con confaidh & foirid iat. Gairleog da brisidh & a bruit ar leamnacht & a ol 'na bolgumaib beca & foirid easlainti an scamain tic o fua raideacht & as imcubaidh i an aigaidh na higroipisi fuairi & galair na n-arann & teinnisa in cind tic o fuaraideacht. Gairleog do minugadh & blonag geidh triti & a sug da cur bog isin cluais a meid bic foirid tinneas na cluaisi tic o fuaraideacht. Gairleoc da bearbadh ar im ur & foirid in t-asma & easlainti an cleibh tic o fuaraideacht. Ceirin da gairleoig & da blonaic muici da chur arin timtireacht & foiridh teneasmon & tinnis na timtireachta & is imcubaidh an ceirin cetna an aghaidh gac uile {ms folio 56a3} aitt tic o fuaraideacht. Gairleog da catamh ar cet longad an aimsir an aeir truaillnigthi & as mor fognas gairleog da chur fon fiacuil teinn & foirid a teinnis tic o fuaraideacht. Gnatocan na gairleoige tirmaigidh na hinne & an gaili & togairmid an lubra & mania & freinisis & anbaindigidh an radarc & as mor urcoidigidh da lucht leanna ruaigh & as imcubaidh i da lucht {ms folio 56b1} leanna find & do lucht na n-easlainteadh fuar oir ata bridh discailteach cnaiteach na leannann fliuch innte & innarbuidh gach gac uili neim & togairmidar na seandaine icslainte na mbatlach dhi.

Item, gab salunn & mil & eitneadha na cno nGaeidilach & gairleog, comtrom da gach ni, cumasctar & curtar 'na ceirin ar greim na con confaidh & foirid e & ni

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32. Acantum, semen urtice: .i. ros na neannta & adeir Maitcer ros na neannta da brisidh & a bruith ar ola & a

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33. Anetam: .i. luib; teasaide sa ii ceim & aderuid drong ele co fuil si tirim sa treas ceim & glanuigh clocha an lesa & na n-arunn & uair ann brisidh iat & beirid a brigh annso gu ceann tri mbliadhan gemadh ferr co nua hi & ata brigh discailteach diuireticac innte & ata brigh togairmiti na fola mista co hailginach innti & figeada da chur a sugh na luibhe so la co n-aithi & a mbearbadh ar fin arna maireac & a tobairt da ol don ti a mbia easlainte cleibh no cosachtach & foirigh & pudur da denamh da sil na luibi si & da ros neannta an pudur sin da crotad arin inad a mbia emaroighideis & foirigh e & as mor foghnus an luib so d'furtacht teinnis na brond & da togairm an {ms folio 57a2} codlata & chum na neascoideadh remur da n-aipiugadh & d'innarbud leanna finn asna ballibh co hinmedonach. Et co leighesinn an fail tic o linugh & a bruith ar blonaig no ar ola & foirigh an crupan tic o linad & a tirmugadh & pudar da denam di & a crotad isna cneadhaib no isna creachtaib.

34. Antera, flos rose: .i. blath an rosa & ata se fuar isin ced ceim & tirim sa dara ceim & ceirin do denamh de &

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35. Anisum, ciminum dulse: .i. an ainis & ata si teasaide tirim sa treas ceim & ata si co cnaiteach discailteac diureticach & as mor fognus si an aigaidh langanaighi & bructaid fuairi an gaili & an aghaid gac uili tinnis na n-inneadh {ms folio 57b2} tic o fuaraideacht & an aigidh na buigri .i. ainis da bruith ar sugh losa no uinneamain & aen bainne da chur sa chluais & icaidh a buigri & a tinnis & an ben gnataideas medaigi an bainne cich & an fear medaigid a sperma isna huirgib aige. Item, an aigid droch-datha tig o bualad no o tuitim arin croicinn ainis da cur tri ciaraig & foirig e & an ceir da cur bog air. Item, adeir Platiairius an luibh so da bruith maille re luigib eli diureticac & oslaigidh duinte na n-ae & na seilge.

36. Apum domisdicum: .i. an meirsi garrda & aderur an luib si do beit tesaide tirim sa iii ceim. Et adeir Platiairius gurub ferr a sil so chum an leigis nan luib fein & as mor fognus mar ceirin cum na sul maille re plur arain gil & sug na luibhe so trit & fodnuigh mar an cetna cum na cic. Item, gabh duillebar na luibi so {ms folio 57b3} & coimiltear da cul cinn an fir ar mbia litairgia & a sug da cur annsa sroin ag an fer cetna & furtachtaig e. Itim, an aigid aitt & tinnis beil an gaili prema meirsi da bruith ar fin finn & a ol & icaidh & meirsi ana aenur da chur ar cneadh & ni dingna urcoid da eisi. Item, sil na luibi so da bruit ar finegra & coiscid an sceatrac tic o adbur fuar

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37. Auripimentum, arsenicum: .i. anmanna an argalluimh & ata se teasaide tirim sa iiii ceim & ata brigh discailteach atairrngteac glantach aigi & is imcubaigh e

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¹⁵ 38. Arracia, attriplex: .i. eilitreog & ata si teasaide sa cet ceim & fliuch sa ii & as mor fognas an aigid tirmaig na n-inneadh tic o linn ruagh loiscithi & potaiste da denamh di ar cet longadh .i. eanbruithi caerach & lagaid an bru co hailginach. Item, gabh elitreog & mercuirial & leamac maighe & borraiste & sail cuach & bruith ar im nua & curtar ainis innti & tobair ar fin no ar lind te & eabur re loighe & foirig an cosactach & lagaidh an bru. Item, gabh an luib cetna & prema gloiriam & dubcosach & crimh muc fiadh & bun milbocan & eigrim & gurmaill & bearbtar ar fin & sitoiltear & curtar mil glan trit & eabur mocrach & re loighi & foirigh salcar na n-arann & an lesa. Item, an luib cetna da timperail tri finegra & a chur 'na ceirin arna haltaib & foiridh galair na n-alt mar ata arteitica & potagra cona cosmailib.

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39. Arigentum uium: .i. an t-airgid beo & ata se teasaide fliuch sa 4 ceim & ata brigh tollta & gerrta & discailti aigi & is mor d'aimsir fetur a coimed ana brigh a beit fein a soiteac dunta & an inad fuar. Et aderur gurab mor fodnus an aigid na mil & na sneadh & gac uili salcur bis arin folt & min na ponairi da chur trit {ms folio 58b2} & a bearbadh ar finegra amail litin & an tan beas fuar an t-airgid beo da cur ann amail meid leath ℥ de & a cumasc go mait & a coimilt don folt no don finnfad & foirigh e o gach urcoid bhis ana dhiaigh. Et as follus gurab mor urcoidigeas deatac an airgid beo da gac neac re mbaineann oir bogaid se na feiti & ullmaigh lat cum pairilisi & an tan teit annsa cluais no sa mbel marbaid gan fuireac neach & da tegmad co racad annsa mbel tobair bainne gobair do a med moir & na hanad ag leimnid & a surdallaigh & bearbtar isoip & aipsint do ar lind no ar fin & eabar & muna dearntar da geib bas gan fuireach. Et da mbia truailleadh arin aigid o linn finn tsaillte no an easlainte re n-abar serpigho .i. deir {ms folio 59a1} gab prema corrcopoige & bris co min & cuir im gan salann & blonaig muice trit & becan d'airgead beo a cumasc & a coimilt dan deir no don tsalcar & icaidh. Fognaid premha na muinge miri no prema stafisagria an inadh na corrcopoigi & tarraingtear snaithi olla trit an leiges so adubrumar & a ceangal fon folt & marbaidh na mila & na sneadha amuil adubramar. Et tuic leat co bfuilid .u. brigha aigi brig discailteach & brigh tollus na ranna dluithi remra et brigh cnaidheas an

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40. Asufetida: .i. gum crainn & ata se teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & gac med bus bren hi is moidi a luach & is uaislidi hi & ata brigh discailteach aipidtheach ann & is mor fognus an aigid easlainte an cleibh tic o adbar fuar. Et adeir Platiairius gurub mor fodnus asafeitita maille re siroip na uiola an aigid asma & disnia & an aigid an quartana & an aigid cruais na seilge & an aigid arteitica & pairilisi & eipilensia & fuardachta na hinchinne a coitcinne & gach uili easlainte fuair air cheana.

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41. Aroistoloia longa, aroistolola rotunda: .i. an stoinsi cruinn & an stoinsi fada; ata se teasaide sa ii ceim & tirim sa ced ceim & a brisidh & a tobairt ar uisce & foirigh gac uili neimh & a brisidh & a coimilt ar fin no ar lind & togairmidh an slant{ms folio 59a3}ugadh dona mnaibh & a bruit ar mil & a fascad tri edach lin & lan leige d'ol de gac lae & as maith ar gac uili eslainte fuair & a brisid & blonaig muice da cur trit & tairrngidh gach uili arm no dealg amach co cumachtac & a brisid & mil da chur trit & glanaig & slanaigidh na cneadha & a coimilt ar fin & a ol & foirig an spasmus & foirig fos cuirrineach na bronn & sireagra & potagra & artetica noch thic o adbur fuar. {ms folio 59b1} A brisidh & a coimilt ar uisce & a tobairt roimh aixis fiabrasa coididiana & quartana. Stoinsi da brisidh & pudur da denam de & an pudur sin da crotad ar teinigh & ruagaidh na demna as an tigh a croitear. Item, bristear premha na luibi so & a cur a pollaib na linnighan & foirigh hi & eabur an luib cetna ar uisce no ar dig eli & coiscidh an fail. Et tuic leat co fognunn an stoinsi fada an inad an stoinsi cruinn & adeir Plaitiairius gurub fearr an stoinsi cruinn cum an leigis na an stoinsi fada & mairigh a brigh leis co ceann tri mbliadan & a mi Octoibir dleagar a prema da buain cum an leigis & a taiscidh conuig an cetna & fognuigh co ceann tri mbliadan cum an leigis. Et adeir an fear cetna gach uili prem foghnus cum an leigis gurab ann is fearr hi cum an leigis ar tuitim a

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42. Artamesia, mater herbarum: .i. an buatfallan liath & ata se teasaide tirim sa treas ceim & a bruith ar bainne no ar fin no ar lind & togairmigh an fuil mista & glanaig an maclac & a coimilt fuar ar fin no ar lind & do-ni mar in cetna & a brisid & a chur amail ceirin arin imlican & togairmidh an fuil {ms folio 59b3} mista & a brisid & a coimilt ar uisce no ar fin & a tobairt da mnai con ighinaib & beirid a toirrceas co luat & an luibh cetna da ceangal fana sliasaid a ngairi don banndact & beirigh leanamh & beartar an leanamh uaithi co luath da eisi ar eagla an maclac da tarraing amach dhi & as mor fognus an luibh so an aigid greime na con confaigh & na ndeoc neime & an luibh cetna da brisidh & a cur ar lind ur & fognuigh chum na neitidh

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43. Athanasia, tanesetum: .i. lus na francc & as teasaide tirim hi & ni fadar a ceim ona hugdaraib & as inann atanasia & ni toirmisceas an bas & coimedus an beata oir ni leiginn bas a ngairi na ndaine gnathuigheas hi & fodnuigh co hairithi dona mnaib ara mbi flux fola co himurcac. Et gac uili flux ro-seimh coilerda tic o

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44. Athasar, polem regale: .i. poiliol ruibel & {ms folio 60b1} ata si teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & is mor fognus an luibh so an aigid na neime & co hairiti an tan caiteas neac luibi ana fuil brigh neime amail ata an tatabha no an corrcopog no an mong mer& na luibe marbtaca & fognuig fos dona dainib do-geib tuitim no combrugad no bis gan labra & a hol ar dig eigin. Et an luib so da brisidh & a tobairt ar finegra & innarbaidh linn dubh & a congmail annsa bel & fognuig an aigid aitt & teinnis an t-sine seaain & a bruit ar fin no ar lind & togairmidh an fual & an fuil mista & a bearbadh mar in cetna & comfurtachtaid an gaili & toirmiscidh cuirrineach & gaethamlact na n-innead. Item,

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45. Auansia, gairiofilata: .i. an macall & ata se teasaide tirim annsa ii ceim & as mo brigh a duillebair na a preimhe & ata brigh discailteach cnaiteach oscailteach inti & togairmigh fotragad na luibi so an fuil mista & foghnuidh an fotracad cetna an aigid coilica passio & foghnuigh fos an aigid teinnis an ghaili & gaethamlact na n-innead & an luib so da bruith ar fin no ar lind & comfurtachtaigh an dileaghadh & a{ms folio 60b2}tait da ghne arin luib so .i. gne coillighe & gne uisce & as i an gne uisce as ferr an aigid fluxa na bronn & foghnuigh prema an macaill caillighe an gac inad ana foghnann an clobus.

46. Auellana, nux parba: .i. an cnu Gaeidilach & ata si teasaide sa cet ceim & fliuch sa ii ceim & as mo oilis an corp naid na cno francacha & da caitear iat co himurcach maille risan craiceann bis fona n-eitnedhaib tuismidtear gaetamlacht isna hinnib uatadh & da nglantar iat on forcroicinn sin as mor foghnus an aigid na cosachtaigi & a mbruith ar mil & ceirin da denamh dib & blonuig muice da cur trita & fasaigh an finnfad & na heitneada cetna da

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47. Auena: .i. an coirci et ata brigh lacthach co hailghinach ann & is mor fognas an aigidh na n-att teasaidhi & bogaidh na hadbuir cruaighe & is imcubaidh ana ceirin e arna cneadaib neimhneacha.

48. Auricula muris: .i. an liath lus beac & adeir Auicenna an luib so da brisidh & a cur arin dealg bus ailt da buain a ball & tairrngidh go cumachtach he. Et ceinnsceatrach da denam de & glanuigh an incinn ona salcur. Et a tobairt da lucht eipilencia & furtachtaigh iat co mor.

49. Aurum: .i. an t-or & is ar med a measarachta nacar cuiread a ceim e seoch na mitalaib eli & as mor fognus a catamh & a faicsin don craig e & {ms folio 61a2} ata catimia mar an cetna .i. slaithteach an oir & fodnuigh an t-or co mor an aigid eilifainnsia & comfurtachtaigh an gaili & sincoipis & cardiaca & a tabairt fa dho sa tseachtmain & a coimilt fein no a slaidteac as maith a mbiag no a ndigh & foirigh an lubra & pudur da denumh da meanadaib an oir & a cur fona suilib & scailidh a finna & a salcuir. Et atait cumachta ecsamsamla ag an or .i. uair ann medaigid & comfurtachtaigidh na spiruid & calmaigid an dileaghadh & fostaigid gach flux ona cumachtaib fein & as mait an aigid na fuaraideachta & na teasaideachta e & innarbaidh

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50. Balanon, glans: .i. na measoga daracha; atait siat fuar tirim sa dara ceim & ata brigh tirmaidh{ms folio 61a3}teach fostoiteach acu & pudar da denamh dona measocaib & a cur isna cneadhaib tirmaidh iat & coiscidh an sileadh fola & glanaidh iat ona salcar & duillebar an croinn cetna da bruith {ms folio 61b1} ur & coiscidh teneasmon & lienteria, Et adeir Raisis co fuil togairm an fuail and & tirmugad na bronn & adeir an fer cetna gurab fearr cucain na measog cum na neitead adubrumar naid na measoga fein & ata deathmuireacht & tinneas cinn innta rena catam & tuismidtear gaethamlacht na n-innead uatha.

1. Da mesogaib na darach
2. don gum crainn
3. don cruaich Padraig
4. do lus na laegh
5. don glaisir caille
6. don teneagul
7. don meacan tua
8. dan gallfotannan
9. don biatus
10. don coinnill Muire
{ms folio 61b2}
11. d'uir sleibhe Armenia

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12. don borrax
13. da lus an sparain
14. do betonica
15. don cartlainn
16. don lus creighi
17. don fotlac
18. dan n-im.

51. Balsamum: .i. gum crainn fasas annsa Babileoin e & ata se teasaide tirim sa dara ceim & fognuigh co mor da lucht na pairilisi & na n-easlainteadh fuar air cena & a congmail annsa bel & teigidh an incind & idir na huile ni deagbalaigh ase as ferr boltanugadh dib & as amluidh as mait an balsamum & a beit glan & dath fobuide uirri & a coimilt ar uisce & {ms folio 61b3} mad glan e niba saile an t-uisce & mad salac an t-uisce do-ni a contrara.

52. Barba filicana, plantago maigheor: .i. an cruach Padraic & ata si fuar fuar annsa cet ceim & tirim sa dara ceim & as mait da glanad & do slanugadh na cneadh an luib so da brisidh & mil da cur triti & potaiste da denam don luibh so ar eanbruiti meth caeireach no ar leamnacht & foirigh flux na bronn. Item, bristear & coimiltear ar leamnacht an luibh so & foirig an seili fola & an cosactach tic o teasaideacht. Item, ceirin don luibh cetna da cur arin cneid & coiscidh a sileadh fola. Et an luibh cetna da brisid & a cur tri gealan uigi & foirigh

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53. Barba sina: .i. lus na laedh, fuar {ms folio 62a2} sa cet ceim & tirim sa dara ceim & ata brigh stipecda ann; a duillebar da tirmugadh & pudur da denum dhe & a cur isna cneadhaibh arsaighe & foiridh iad & adeir gurab treisi a blath na'n

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54. Barba siluana: .i. glaiser coille, teasaide sa cet ceim & fliuch sa ii; an luib so do brisid & a tobairt dona mnaib da ndenann linn ruagh urcoid & foirigh & innarbaidh imurcaigh {ms folio 62a3} leanna ruaigh. Item, an tan imduideas linn dubh annsa gaili & tuismidtear fail foireigneach uadha, an luib so do coimilt ar fin no ar uisce & coiscidh gan fuireac an fail. Item, an luib cetna da coimilt ar fin & a tobairt da hol d'fer na micuimhni & icaidh. Item, adeir Avicenna an luib so da coimilt ar fin no ar lind d'fir na linnighan co ceann en la dheag & icaidh & a tabairt don mnai ara mbi mola matrisis & scailigh e gan fuireac ina haitli.

55. Barba Iouis, semperuiua: .i. an teneagal, fuar sa iiii ceim & tirim sa dara & fodnuigh co mor an aigid na teineadh diag & na haillsi & an attcomhaill na sul an tan tic o teasaideacht & in aigid gach uili loscadh teineadh & uisce. Item, adeir Avicenna sugh na luibi so da chumasc

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56. Bardana no lapa: .i. in meacan tua & adeir Avicenna corub mor fodnus premh na luibi so an aigid na neime & co marbann natraca neime & adeir fos gibe neach choimeolas sugh na luibi so de nach {ms folio 62b2} cailginn beach é an la sin na nathair neime. Item, sugh na luibhe so da congmail sa bel & daingnig na fiacla. Item, premh na luibhe so da caiteamh & coiscidh in seili fola. A prema so da bearbadh ar fin & foiridh disinteria. Premha na luibhe so da bearbadh ar fin & foirigh na cloca fuail. An luib so idir bun & barr da brisid & blonaig muice trit & brisidh & aibighidh na neascoide amail adeir Avicenna.

57. Branca ursina: .i. an gallfotannan¹⁸, fuar tirim, & adeir Avicenna an luibh so da brisidh & blonuic muice trite & aipigh na neascoide. An luibh so da brisidh & a bearbadh ar blonuic no ar ola, a ligin mar sin co ceann en la dec & a fascad tri edach lin ana haitli & ceir da cur ann & uinnemint da denamh dhe & a coimilt dona feitib & dona haltaib & foirigh rigor & cruas na feiteadh. An

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58. Beta & pleta, cicula: .i. tri han {ms folio 63a1} .i. tri hanmanna an biatuis & ata teasaide fliuch sa cet ceim & is luibh coitcinn e da reir Avicenna. Item, sugh na luibhe so do cur a pollaib na srona & glanaid an incinn ona salcur. Sugh na luibi da cur bog san cluais & foirig tinneas na cluaise. Item, sugh na luibhe so da cur arin folt & arin fesoig & glanaigh iat ona milaib & ona sneadhaibh & coimedaid an folt gan tuitim. Item, sug na luibhe so da cumusc maille re mil comtrom da gach ni & a cur arin loscadh da nitear o teinig no o uisce & icaidh co luat & crutaidtear droch-leanna o gnathughadh na luibhe so. Item, gabh biatas & borraiste & duillebar saitsi & isoip & Minntas & persilli & duillebar macail co mor da gach ni, bearbtar ar uisce & garbain coirci arna nighe da cur and & a mbearbadh & salann da cur air & is cumachtach ar urcoid an cleibh & da medugadh an dileaghadh.

¹⁹ 59. Bilonia, molena: in coinneall Mhuire & is m{ms folio 63a2}or foghnus an aigid flux emaroigideis & ata si fuar tirim &

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p.114

60. Bolus Armenicus: .i. uir sleibhe Armeinia & ata si fuar tirim sa ii ceim & ata brigh fastoiteac & ceangail innti innus co coiscinn gac uili flux. A pudur so & pudur cruaiti Padraig da cumasc & a cur arna cneadhaib & icaidh & as amlaidh as maith e & a beith dearg sobristi & adeir Avicenna ma ta an flux sa ceann a tabairt da caitim sa mbel & mad annsa gaili no isna hinnibh tabhair mar clisteri. {ms folio 63a3}

61. Borax: .i. gum croinn & ata se teasaide tirim sa ceatramad ceim & ata brigh discailteach attairngtec cnaiteac coimceangail comhdlutaiti ann & as leis daingnid na cerdada na mitaill ele re ceili & as amlaidh is maith e geal {ms folio 63b1} cruaidh. Item, cuirtear borax & gealan uighe circe & mil & uisce roisi trit a ceili & glanuidh an aigid ona salcar & on brici. Item, scrupall d'uisce & tri scrupaill do borax da coimilt don aigid arna cumasc & bith geal.

62. Bursa pastoris: .i. lus an sbarain; fuar tirim sa dara ceim & as cumachtac hi in aigid flux na fola & gach uile flux & is maith hi a n- uinneminntib bristi cuislinni & an bean aga mbi ina braigit ni urcoidiginn flux fola di. A cur a fotragadh & is mait i an aigid na buigeacairi. A cur fo braigid na caerach & ni faicid na mic tire iat. Pudur da denum dan luibh cetna & a cur isna cneadhaib & ni fasann

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63. Bitonica: .i. in bitoine; teasaide sa iii ceim ceim & tirim sa iiii ceim. A tabairt ar fin da lucht na cloch fuail & brisidh iat & togairmig in fual mar an cetna & is maith an aigid na higroipisi hi & a coimilt ar fin no ar lind. Item, pudur da denam dan luibh so & a cumusc ar mil arna spumail & is maith an aigid na cosachtaighe fuaire. Item, pudur na luibhe so da tabairt ar fin & foirigh teinneas an gaili & madh o fiabras tic a tobairt ar uisce. Item, pudur na luibhe so da tobairt arin digh re n-abar mulsa & lagaidh an bru co hailginach ona tirmacht. Item, a brisidh & salann da cur trite & a cur isna cneadhaib nua & ni denaid urcoid is mo. Item, duillebar na luibhe so da bearbadh ar uisce & im gan salann da cur trite & a cur mar ceirin arna suilibh & coiscidh a tinneas. Item, a coimilt ar uisce & a ol & foirigh an fliuchaideacht suilighi. Item, bitoine & ruib da coimilt ar uisce & foillsigid an radharc. Item, iiii {ms folio 63b3} ℥ da duillebar bitone & viii ngrainne xx da pibar dubh & a tabairt da lucht easlainte na n-arann & foirid iat & a cur fan ded. Item, ceirin da denam de mar in cetna & foirid duinti na n-ae & na seilge. Item, duillebar cruaiti Padraic & da ℥ da duillebar bitoine & a ol roimh aixiis coididiana & coiscid an

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64. Balsamita: .i. in cartlann; teasaide sa ii & tirim sa treas ceim. An luib so da brisidh & a bearbadh ar a sugh fein & foirigh tinneas an cinn & an ceirin cetna da cur arin ngaili & foirigh a gaetmuireacht & a tinneas. Item, an ceirin cetna da cur arin imlican & foirig coilica & ilica. Item, an ceirin cetna da cur arin timtireacht & icaidh bolga an daergalair & ata brigh diureticac annsa luibh so. Item, gach uili luibh ina fuil brigh diureticach ata brigh osluice na poireadh annsa luibh sin.

65. Burneta: .i. in lus creidhe; ata si fuar tirim & is mor furtachtaidheas na cuisleanna ona teinneas & ona neim & o neim cuislinn an etain & gabh camamilla & duillebar bitone & duillebar na huluighi & modoman{ms folio 64a2} & feinel dearg & duillebar daireach & blat an rosa deirg & bris na neici so & beirb ar im nua & ar becan do laigh na roisi & faisctear tri edac & curtar a soiteac cumdaig & coimiltear don edan & dona hairgib & coiscidh tinneas an cinn & togairmidh an codladh. Item, lan duirn don luibh so & prema cruaiche Padraig & stoinse cruinn dearg & gabh lan duirn don dubhcosach & crim muice fiadha & bearbtar na luibhi so ar uisce fertana & a

p.117

66. Bibolica vel biliria: .i. in fotlact & ata brigh diureticach ann & togairmig in fual & in fuil mista & fodnuigh an aigidh easlainte an cleibh. Item, fotlact & {ms folio 64a3} dubhcosach ur & mellisa & lus an galloglaig & blath saili cuach & raibi uisce & lus na sum talman & liatroidi & blath fotannain & easbuc beoain comor da gach ni & a mbearbadh ar im mhi Mai & a sitlodh tri edach lin & pudur siucra & licoirisi & ainisi da cur ann & a ol ar midh no ar lind {ms folio 64b1} no ar digh milis & fairsingidh an t-ucht & foirigh an cosachtach. Item, an luibh cetna da brisid & leamac muighe & easbog beoain & a mbearbadh arin digh darub ainm mulsa & a tobairt bog da ol & foirigh in cosachtach cruaigh. Item, sugh na luibhe so & sil eigrime & sil elistroint & sil culurain & ainisi & sil feinel & gaill eigrim & an luibh so & dentar pudur min dibh & caitear ar fin no ar lind & is comachtach an aigid stranguria & disuria. Item, bristear an luibh so & prema moingi miri & prema leamhaigh muighe a mbrisidh & blonaig da cur trita & a cur umna haltaibh & foirid att & teinn eas na n-alt.

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67. Butirum: .i. in t-im & ata se teasaide fliuch sa cet ceim & ata brigh aipithi discailteac bocta ann & ata brigh tinnis da cur ar cul ann & medaidtear & reamraidhtear an corp & is mor a cumachta ar gearrad na feiteadh{ms folio 64b2}& glanaigh na cneadha. Item, a coimilt da carbad na leanamh & da beir ar a fiaclaibh fas & is mor foghnus an aigid na cosachtaighi fuaire & as mor fognus an aigid. perplemonia & pleurisis oir aipigh iat & togairmid an seli co hurusa & toirmisctear an sele fola.

1. Don cailmint
2. don culuran
3. don ualuart
4. don finscoith
5. dona huili luaith
6. don sidabal
7. da sil an labriola
8. don popin geal
9. da chongna in fiadha
10. dan gurmaill
{ms folio 64b3}
11. don praisid garrdha
12. don selidonia
13. don dedgha
14. don comann gall
15. dan luaigh
16. don curnan caisil
17. don orofont

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18. don cainel
19. don raib
20. don picc Greagach
21. don colacindida
22. don concoire
23. don easbuc beain
24. don noinin
25. do ros na minne miri
26. don litronta
{ms folio 64b4}
27. don eacsemar
28. don coiriandrum
29. don gluinigh bec
30. don croch
31. don cubibis
32. don gran oililla
33. don cucuirbita
34. don claman lin.

68. Calamentum (vel calamentum maighis): .i. an cailimint et ata se teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & atait da gne air .i. gne mhor & gne bec & isi an gne mhor an neft & in ghne {ms folio 65a1} bec .i. an cailmint coitceann. Bearbhtar an cailimint ar fin no ar mulsa & togairmid an t-allus. Item, cailimint da bearbadh ar ola & a coimilt dona pulsaibh & don corp roimh aixis codidiana & foirigh & coiscidh an fiabhras. Item, an luibh so da brisid & a cur ar bel na n-isgad & foiridh

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69. Ciclamin, malum terre: .i. in cularan; teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & ata brigh attairrngteac cnaidteac discailteac aigi. Item, culuran da brisidh & blonaig muice da cur trit & a cur arna neascoidib cruaigi & aibigid iat. Item, premh na luibhe so da tirmugadh re grein & pudur da denamh de & a cur isna cneadhaib & glanuigh iat ona n-ainmfeoil. Is ann as mait an luibh so da buain an tseachtmuin deiginach do mi Auist & mairigh a brigh ann co ceann ii bliaghan.

70. Cameactis, ebulus: .i. in ualuart; teasaide tirim sa ii ceim & is inann brigh & oibriugadh do & don t-sambucus acht amain is treisi an brigh lactach isin sambucus & ata brigh

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Item, prema na luibhe so da bearbadh ar uisce & a timperail maille re h-oiximil & re siroip lacthach. Bearbtar sug na luibhe so & a hurdail da mil trit a ceili & a tabairt {ms folio 65b1} amail purgoid & fodhnaidh co maith. Item, fotragadh da denam da barr na luibhe so & a deatach da ligin fo fer na higroipise fuairi & as maith do e. Item, urbruit da duillebar na luibhe an aigid gac uili aitt & tuitmi & bualadh & innarbaidh se tinneasa & scailidh aitt & neartaigid na feithi. Item, sug na luibhe so & pudur esola & siucra da chumasc & a tabairt amail purgoid & fognuigh co mor. Item, pudur da denamh da preimh na luibhe so & sugh feineil & sug meirsi & siucra & a tabairt amail purgoid. Item, is mait an aigid atchomuill na cos & na lamh & da lucht na higroipise urbruith na luibhe so. Item, an luibh so da bruit ar a sug fein & ceirin da denam de ar potagra & ar siregra & ar arteitica.²⁰

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71. Cinoglosa: .i. an finscoth & is teasaide tirim hi & ata brigh comfurtachta in craighe innti & as mor fognus an aigidh galair na seilge & ata cosc sceatraighi 'na preim & is mor fognus an aigid an galair re n-abar faisdidium & an anastropa & ata togairm na sceatraighi 'na barr. Item, gabh sil ragaim & barr finscoithi bristear{ms folio 65b2}& coimiltear ar meadg bog & togairmig an sceatrach. Item, dentar deoc da comfurtacht an craigi .i. gabh prema finscotha & premih neantoige & prema egrime & minntais & bun macaill & marbdroigin & saitsi & cailmint & bristear & curtar ar fin no ar lind & eabar amail digh & comhfurtachtaig an craighi. Item, gabh barr na luibhe so & fuarc fuinnseann & bearb ar fin & cuir amail ceirin arin seilg & comfurtachtaigid e.

72. Cinis omnis: .i. gac uile luaith; ata brigh tirmaithi & glanta innti da reir Auicenna & adeir fos luaith na crand stipecdha co fuil cosc na fola innti & co hairithi luaith na fuinnsinne & na darac & adeir fos co fuil fas an fuilt & an finnfaigh an gac uili luaithrig fuilt & a chumasc maille re holaigh & a cur arin ceann a haitli a bearrtha & da bheir teas arin ceann & coiscig a allus. Item, gabh scim darach & dena luaith di maille re crann feitleoigi an eighinn & an luaith {ms folio 65b3} so da cur ar folcadh fuinnseann & in ceann d'folcad as & coiscigh emagrainia & da bheir dath mait arin folt.

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73. Citonalens: .i. an sidual; teasaide sa iii & tirim sa ii & atait da gne air .i. gne {ms folio 66a1} .i. gne garrdha & gne coillighi & asi an gne coillighi .i. an cartlann leg. caerthann curruig & ata blas stipec air & as mor fognus an aigid na haimrideachta & galar na mban. An sidubal garrdha, ata brigh comfurtachta in totluithi ann & comfurtachtaigh an incinn & coiscigh an gaetmuireacht & comfurtachtaigid lucht na sincoipise & as maith an luibh so a ceirinacaibh & a ndeocaib luchta an filuin. Da curtar premh na luibhe so fon fiacail tein coiscig an teinneas. Uisce da denamh don luibh so mar do-nitear uisce na roisi & a crotad arin aigid & ar ceann lucht na fiabras & coiscidh teinneas an cinn. Item, pudur da denam don luibh so .i. da premhaib & a cumasc maille re pudur caineil & gailingain & a tabairt a potaistib & neartaigid an brigh totluitheach & coiscig gaetmuireacht an gaili & na n-inneadh.

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74. Conconidum: .i. sil in labriola; teasaide tirim sa iiii ceim & ata craeb & croicinn & sil na luibhe so imcubaidh cum in leigis & ata folmugadh leanna finn, & na leannann rigin ann ona ballaib foirimilleacha amail atait na {ms folio 66a2} hailt & co hairithe folmughadh leanna ruaigh mi-nadurtha amail ata coilera sitrina & uitilina & ata folmughadh leanna duibh co tanaiste innte gurub uime sin as imcubaidh an luibh so da tabairt da lucht sietica & potagra & apoplexia & pairilisi & eipilensia & a cosmuili d'easlaintibh fuara fleadmaiticaca eli & da berur an luibh so an oiximel oir ni dleaghar a tabuirt co haenda oir o ro-geri na luibhe so ata scris na n-innead innti & dleaghar a tobairt le gum araibium & le maisdix & le neitibh comfurtachtaighi an craighi amail ata croch & cainel & calamus armaticus oir gac uili ni ana fuil folmughadh foireigneac ata anmuinne craighi ana diaigh. Ni dleaghar so da tabairt da lucht nach urusa da cur cum innruma na dona dainib 'ca mbeth inde tana & a cosmuile & fognaidh dona dainibh ara mb i codidiana no terciana.

Item, an luibh so da bearbadh ar ola coitcinn & a coimilt don timtireacht & coiscidh teneasmon. Item, an luibh cetna da coimilt don druim & dona hairnib & dona huirgibh & coiscidh disuria & to stranguria. Item, an luibh cetna da cur isna cluasaib & coiscid an buigri. An luibh cetna da coimilt don timtireacht & fognaidh an aigid in daergalair.²¹{ms folio 66a3}

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75. Codion: .i. in popin geal; teasaide fliuch sa treas ceim & is de do-nitear an leiges re n-abur opium & is mar so do-nitear e: mill fasas ar barr na luibhe so & a mbuain a mi Iuil & a mbrisidh a moirtel & a fascad tri edach lin & a cur re grein & an tan bi tirim a taiscigh & a coimilt don dreich & don edan & togairmigh an codladh. Atait da gne arin luibh so .i. popin geal & popin dubh & bigh an popin dubh maille re blath dearg & is de {ms folio 66b1} sin do-nitear an ola fodnus a moran d'easlaintib & co hairthi cum teinnis in cinn & is risin popin so aderur pobol righ noc ata fuar tirim sa iiii ceim & do-nitear ola de mar adubrumur & a coimilt don ceann d'eis a bearrta & togairmigh an codladh. Ata gne don luibh cetna ara mbi blath crocha & is maith a sil sin da coimilt ar uisce & togairmigh an codladh & gebe dibh so gne bruitear ar uisce togairmig an codladh muna bia in bas a fogus do. Popin da bearbadh ar fin no ar lind & coisgid flux fola mista & ni dleaghar sil na luibhe so da tobairt a meid as mo na comtrom leith pinginne. Duillebar na luibhe so da brisid & a cur mar ceirin arin tene diad & icaidh. Item, gabh duillebar na luibhe so & bearb ar uisce & cuir te fon mbraigid & foirigh gairbi an gota gebe cuis o mbia. Item, sug na luibhe so da coimilt dona haltaibh & foirigh an potagra tic o teasaideacht & adeir Plaitiairius popin geal

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76. Cornu serui: .i. congna an fiadha; fuar tirim e. A loscadh & pudur da denam de & a cur ar feoil na fiacal & daingnig iat & foiridh a teineas. A caitem a meanadaigh ana mbia pudur ainisi & licoirisi & toirmiscidh tuitim na leannann cum na sul & is mait an aigidh an galair re n-abar ematoica .i. in sele fola & is mait da lucht na buigri.

77. Cauda purcina: .i. in gurmaill; teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & mairigh a brigh an a sil co ceann x mbliadhan & ata brigh diureticach in a sil & annsa luibh fein & as mor{ms folio 66b3} fodnus an aigidh disuria & stranguria & da brisidh na cloch fuail. A bearbadh ar fin & foirigh ilica &

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78. Caulis ortentis: .i. an praiseac garrdha; fuar tirim sa cet ceim & atait da gne uirre .i. gne mor & gne bec & isi in gne as fearr ann 'ga mbi lurga dearg & duillebar bec. Adeir Auicenna gurab maith duillebar na praisige deirgi arna cneadhaib salcha. Item, ceirin don duillebar so da cur maille re blonaig muice & discailidh na neascoide cruaighi. Adeir Plaitiairius an tan bearbtar an luibh so co maith co fuil brigh fostoigteac ann & an tan caitear leath om co fuil brigh lactach innti. Item, adeir Auicenna an praiseach dearg da brisid co maith maille re mil & a cur isna cneadhaib a mbi aillsi & glanuid iad & a cur fa dho sa lo innta. Item, gabh ruib & praiseach dearg & min eorna & salann & bristear co mait & cumaisctear co maith & curtar arna haltaibh a mbi artetica & potagra & foirid iat. Item, adeir Isac fual na ndaineadh{ms folio 67a2} caiteas an praiseac dearg do cur te ar easlainte na feitheadh & comfurtachtaigid co mor. Item, aderar gurab mor fodhnus gnathughadh na pralsighe leat-omh da lucht

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79. Celedonia: et ata se teasaide tirim sa 4 ceim & gab an luibh so cona blath & boin a sugh aiste & cumaisc an sugh so & a urdail da mil trit & bearbtar a soiteac umha ar teinigh min & boin cubur co fricnamac de & faisctear tri edach lin & cuir a soiteac umha da taisce & cuir fona suilibh & geraigid an radarc co mait. Item, bristear an

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{ms folio 67b1}80. Centauria: .i. in dedga; teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & ata brigh atairngteac diuireticach ann & aderur ii gne da beith air .i. gne mor & gne bec & asi in gne bec as fearr chum an leigis & a barr & a blath is mo gnataidtear chum an leigis & as bec lagas & ata folmugad leanna ruaigh innte on gaili & ona hinnibh & oslaigid duinti na n-ae & na seilge & is mor fognas an aigid terciana do-nitear o linn ruagh. Item, pudur da denam don luib so & a cur a lictabairibh & a clisterib & a leigeasaibh comsuighte & uair eli gnathaigtear an luibh so co haenda ar fin no ar lind. A tinol an tan beas a blat uirre & mairid a brigh innte chum gach neic da ndubrumar & is mait urbruit na luibhe so an aigid teinnis na feited & a tobairt dona mnaib torrca & beraid togluasacht & a tobairt dona mnaib nach bi torrac & togairmigh an fuil mista. A bearbadh ar mil & calmaigid an dileagad arna caitim & is mor fodnus an aigid tineasa an lesa & na n-arann & stranguria & a bearbadh ar fin. Item, an luibh cetna da bearbadh {ms folio 67b2} co mait & a cumasc maille re fin & re him & a cur amail ceirin ar druim na selgi & foirig a hatt & a tinneas. An tan teid peist beo sa cluais curtar sug na luibhe so innte & tic amach. Item, an aigid finna na sul pudur da genam da gran pibuir & sugh dedga da cur trit & scailid an

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81. Cerefolium: .i. in comann gall; teasaide tirim & ni fadar a ceim ona dochtuirib. In luibh so da brisid & a cumusc maille re mil & {ms folio 67b3} foirigh an aillsi. Item, an luibh cetna da bearbadh ar fin & a tabairt dona mnaib & togairmig an fuil mista. An luibh so da brisig & a bearbadh maille re blonaig muice & re ceir & a cur arna neascoidib cruaighi & bogaigh iat. An luibh so da bearbadh maille re finegra & as mor fognus an aigid flux na bronn. An luibh so da bearbadh ar uisce & an ceann d'folcadh as & foirigh scotomia & uertigo. An luibh cetna do brisig & a cur mar ceirin arin edan & foirig teinneas an chinn.

82. Cerusa: .i. blath in luaidhe; fuar tirim sa ii ceim & ata brigh glanta in croicinn ann & as amlaidh do-nitear serusa da reir Plaitiairius .i. plata luaighe da cur ar

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83. Cotilodion (vel cimbulairia, umbilicius ueniris): .i. an curnan caisil & ata se fuar fliuch & ata brigh boctha frithbuailteac ann & is mor fognus an aigid cuise an cleibh. Item, dentar an tsailbh so .i. sail cuach & croicinn feitlinne an eiginn & isoip garrda & barr cartlainne & cornan caisil duillebar leamhaig & biatus & borraiste & barr losa na fraechoc & bristear na luibhe so & bearbtar ar im ur & leagar tri edac lin amail tsailb mar is du an aigid gac uili easlainte cleib.

{ms folio 68a2}84. Citragha: .i. in t-orufont; teasaide tirim sa ii ceim & is mor brigh na luibhe so ur & is bec crin & beiridh a brigh innte bliadhain & ata brigh cnaiteac discailteac innti & as maith an aigidh duinti na n-ae & na seilge & a bearbadh ar fin no ar lind & a boltanadh da cur fon sroin & comfurtachtaigid an incinn. Duillebar na luibhe so da chur a mailin & a bearbadh ar fin & a cur fon mbaitis &

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85. Cinamomum: .i. an cainel; teasaide sa iii ceim & tirim sa ii ceim & mairigh a brigh ann co ceann x mbliadhan & as mor calmuigeas an dileaghadh & comfurtachtaigeas an craighi. Pudur caineil & caruaighe da cur a potaistibh & calmaigid an dileaghadh & do-ni anal maith & an tan bis {ms folio 68a3} an anal bren o cuis feola na fiacal, na fiacla da nighe a huisce bog & an pudur so da crotad orra & foirigh a mbrentas. Is mor foghnus an sinamomum an aigid an cardiaca passio & ata brigh cnaigteac glantach ann & ona boltanugadh ata brigh comhfurtach ann & an brigh cnaiteac ona biadhamlacht.

Et atait da gne air .i. gne tiugh & gne tanaighe & asi an gne tiugh as fearr cum an fluxa & an gne tanaighi as fearr cum na sceatraighi. Dentar an sabus so .i. gabh persilli & finegra & Minntas & peiletra co mor {ms folio 68b1} da gach ni & pudur caineil & cumaisctear mar adubrumar amail tsabus. Item, adeir Plaitiairius cainel da tabairt an aigid na cosachtaige tic o fliuchaideacht & o gaetmuireacht an scamain & fognuig an aigid na higroipisi dana ainm tempaniteis. Adeir Macer pudur caineil da tobairt an aigid cnead na con confaidh .i. a cur innta & foiridh a

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86. Ciba pirum: .i. in raibh; teasaide tirim sa 4 ceim & is mait hi an aigid an asma & an tan beas an t-adbur dileaghtha .i. tri scrubail di da tobairt an uigh buig & deathach an neith cetna da tobairt an aigid an asma tar in mbel & fodnaid & ni dleaghar so da tobairt dona dainibh coilerdha tirma aga mbi ucht cumang. Item, pudur na raibhe da cur a n- uinneminntib an aigid salcuir in croicinn. Item, pudur tataba & duillebar féithe & slanlus & cruach padraig & bun soibirgin & pudur ruis lin,

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87. Colafonium: .i. an picc Greagach: teasaide sa ii ceim & tirim sa iii ceim & asi gne is fearr uirri a beith dubh leath amuit & solus leat astig amail adharc soluis & ata brigh tirmuiti & cneasaiti innti & is mor fodnus an aigid disinteria in tan curtar ar smeroid{ms folio 69a1} dearg & in t-easlan da gabail a deathaigh tre stol pollta. Is mait in deathac cetna an aigid teneasmon & in deathac cetna da gabail tar in mbel & foirig easma & innarbaigh & discailidh na leanna reamra righin biamla bis ar sligtib an scamain. Item, gabh ʒ don picc adubrumur & ʒ da maisdix & leadhtar iat a soiteac criad & sitoiltear tri edach ar uisce fuar & togtar don uisce a haitle a teighti & bogtar idir meruib re tenigh & togaidh in finnfad don aigid ona cur uirre co hailghineach & fetur a congbail aran aigid co ceann uaire no do & berigh a brigh annsa leiges so co ceann da bliadhain chum gac neic.

88. Colocindida: .i. leigeas lactach ata teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & torad crainn e & bith amail ublaibh & bigh forcroiceann leat amuith air & bith ara lar amhail farcan & bith gran ann astidh & adeir Auicenna colacindida

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89. Consolida madior: .i. lus na cnam mbristi & as risi aderur an conccoire & ata si fuar tirim sa ii ceim & ata tath & dlutugad na cnam ann .i. gab sug concoire & airgead luachra & sug cruach padraig & plur mine eorna & sug corta darach

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90. Consolida media: .i. an t-easboc beoain & ata se teasaide fliuch & ata brigh comfurtachta ann an aigid duinte na n-ae & na seilge. Gab s ugh easboc beoain & iubar sleibhe & prema feneil & persille & barr mercuirial & crim muice fiadha & dubhchosach & premha egrime & chuilinn dumac comor da gach neith. bearbtar ar braitlis mait & curtar mil & gabail innti & eabar mar gach ndigh. Adeir Diescoirdeis gurab mor foghnus an luibh so an {ms folio 69b2} aigid na tisisi & na heitice & an cardiaca .i. gabh easboc beoain & barr isoipi & meillisi & local & aitnim liag & poltulaca & sail cuach & samadh ferna comor da gach neith bearbtar iat ar sisan eorna & curtar mil & siucra innti & tobair da hol co minic sa lo co n-aithi. Item, dentar an tsailb ochta so ar im mhi Mai & curtar pudur licoirisi & ainisi & caineil inti & curtar blonaig circe no cabuin annsa sailb & eabar ar bainne gobair & coimiltear don ucht & dona maethanuibh.

91. Consolida minur: an noinin & ata se fuar sa ii ceim & fliuch sa iii ceim & is mor fognus an aigid na n- easlainteadh teasaide nger mar ata terciana & causon & a cosmaile .i. gab noinin & sail cuach & dubcosach ur & portulaca & andiuia & scairiola & premha samaig & simsoca & samhadh ferna & adhann & cruac padraig & blath rosa deirg & raibe uisce comor da gach neith bristear iat &

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92. Conium: .i. ros na minne mire & as fuar marbtac in ros so & da tuctar co hinmedonac marbaigh gan fuireac muna tuctar deoc d'fin te do ana diaigh & da tuctar foirig gan fuireac gan amurus & da curtar an ross so 'na ceirin arna cicib coiscid an bainne cic & tirmuigid iat. Item, gabh sug na luibhe so & bearb a duillebar fein arna brisig arin sug so & dentar ceirin cum na teneadh diadh & chum na cneadh cnaidteac & foirigh. Item, gabh sug na luibhi so do coimilt da cicib na maigdin & ni tuitid & caelaid iat. A cuimilt mar an cetna dona huirgibh & coiscigh a ndruis.

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93. Corallus rubius: .i. cruel dearg .i. cloch noc ata fuar tirim sa ii ceim & gach deirge bis is uaislide & atait da gne uirre .i. gne geal & gne dearg & gac truimide & gac coinnlidhe beas as uaislide & ni ni bi brigh innte acht da xx bliadhan & ata brigh coisce na fola innte & ata brigh comhfurtachta innti & is mor foghnus an aigid

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94. Corona regia: .i. an eachseamur; teasaide tirim sa cet ceim & ata brigh comfurtachta & diureticac innti. An luibh so da bearbadh maille re blonaig & coiscid gaetmuireacht na n-innead & an gaili & oslaigid duinti na n-ae & na n-arann & in lesa & gebe gnathaigeas an luibh so d'ithi do-ni anal maith aigi & is maith hi a foibertaibh na sul & da caitear co ceann xiii la maille re huisce foirig an buigeacuir. Da n-eabur an luibh so go ceann xx la foiridh potagra & loiniga. Adeir Plaitiairius co {ms folio 70b2} mbinn a brigh co ceann 4 mbliadhan sa luibh so .i. ina sil & in sil sin da brisidh & a cur ar eanbruiti & ar biataibh & do-ni deagblasta dhe.

95. Coriandrum: .i. luib fasus annsa doman mhor & gairtear an t-ainm so da sil; teasaide tirim sa ii ceim an sil so & an tan curtar an sil so a finegra & a bearbadh & air in

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96. Centinodia: .i. in gluinech bec & as teasaide tirim hi & as maith i an uinnimeinntib{ms folio 70b3} lucta na highan .i. abh gluinec bec & selidonia & rosa dearg & prema feineil no a duillebar & cainci acuidh & duillebar ruibe & lus creighe & comunn gall & bristear na luibhe so & dentar uisce dib a cosmaileas uisci roisi & glanaid an rosc.

Item, dentar amail so an uinnemint so .i. gabh ros na gluinighi bigi & prema ragmuinn & barr bilair & tene talman & aibill uisce & ros neannta & prema egrime Gaedilaighi bristear na luibhe so & bearbtar ar seanblonaig muice & sitailtear & curtar blonaig circe & cabun innte & coimiltear dona cosaibh ina mbi potagra & att na higroipisi & foirig iat. Item, dentar fotragadh{ms folio 71a1} mar so .i. gabh duillebar sidubail & gluineach bec & lubaitsi & buatfallan liath & duillebar truim bearbtar ar uisci sailti & dentar fotragadh fona haltaibh amail aderar & foirig easlainte na n-alt.

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97. Crocus: .i. in croch & ata se teasaide tirim sa cet ceim & ata brigh comfurtachta an craige ann & na hincinne & da taiscidtear é an inadh glan .i. a leathar glan geal bigh brigh ann co ceann vi mbl. Adeir Isacc co comfurtachtaiginn & co n-anmannuiginn an gaili. Is amhlaigh comfurtachtaitear an gaili uadha .i. an tan caitear & an gaili folum & is amlaigh anbuinnigtear e in tan bis lan roimh a caitheamh. Item, gabh croch arna brisid co min & cumusc maille re buighen uighe & curtar cadas ann & curtar ar druim na sul & foirigh a ndeirge & a teinneas. Adeir Plaitiairius co fuilid da gne arin croc .i. ortentis & orientalis. Orientis vero .i. croch do-nitear isna garrdaibh. Orientalis .i. croch da gabar gan garrdha & an croc foruagh is olc e & co hairithi an {ms folio 71a2} tan bis a ndat sitrina & gac deirgi beas is fearrdi e & is moide as inmholta chum gac neith da ndubrumur e. Item, adeir Plaitiairius cebe gnataideas an croc co himurcach da-ni faisdidium do & ni dleaghar a tobairt da lucht leanna ruaigh oir togairmid in sceathrach annsa coimpleasc so & is mor foghnus in aigid stranguria & coilica & ilica.

98. Cubebis: .i. spisrad; teasaide tirim sa cet ceim & ata se measurda & torad crainn noch fasas san Innia & bid a brigh ann co ceann x mbliadhan & as amluig as maith é maille re blas ger & re boltanugad mor & re millseact & is mor fodhnus d'easlainte an craighe re n-abur sincoipis .i. gabh iiii ℈ da pudur cubibis & cumuisc maille re

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{ms folio 71a3} 99. Catapusia: .i. gran oilella & ata se teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & ata folmugad leanna finn rigin ann co hairithi on gaili & ona hinnib & is mor fodhnus an aigid artetica & fiabrus coididiana & coilica & ilica & ni dleaghar a tabairt co haenda ar eagla na sceatraighi {ms folio 71b1} da thogairm co foireigneac & is amlaidh is maith e geal no uaine & gach dorcacht beas as misdi cum an leigis.

100. Cucurbita: .i. luib fuar fliuch co measarda & a cric teasaide fasas & fetar an t-ainm so da radh re sil na luibhe so & as re sil ele aderur sitruilli noc ata an aen aicned re cucuirbita & is mor fhodhnuidh na silta so an aigid duinti na n-ae & na seilge & na n-arunn & an lesa & an aigid na neascoid cleibh & is mor fognus da lucht leanna ruaigh a caitim a samradh & is maith an aigid easlainte leanna ruaigh amail ata terciana & causon. Et adeir Plaitiairius co fuilit na tri silta mora fuara amail ata melones & cucuirbita & sitruilli a dul co hurusa an aigid leanna ruaigh o seime a folaidh. Tuic leat an tir

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101. Cuscuta: .i. claman lin; teasaide tirim sa cet ceim & is bec lacus & in meid lagus ise linn finn {ms folio 71b2} no leanna righin lagus on galli & ona hinnibh & as mor foghnus da lucht na higroipisi & is mor fodnus an aigid duinti na n-ae & na buideacuire & as mor fodnus an aigid an fiabrasa re n-abur emitritius & is e cuscuta is measa ann .i. in cuscuta fasas a faireadh an lin & ata seimiugudh na iiii leannann ann & linn finn co hairithi. A cnuasach an tan beas a blath air & mairigh a brigh co cenn da bliadhann amail adubramur.

1. Don dactuili
2. don milbocan
3. don dragantum
4. don diegridium
5. don tserban muc
6. dona luibhib diureticaca
7. don litronta
8. don copurrus

{ms folio 71b3} 102. Dactulus: .i. torud crainn noch ata teasaide fliuch sa ii ceim & is mor fodnus an aigid na cosachtaighe tirma & na cnaimhe bhis isin toradh so da brisidh & a tobairt

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103. Daucus asininus: .i. in milbocan; teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & is mor a brigh a leith a sil & a duillebair & a preme & a {ms folio 72a1} blatha & as uime aderur an t-ainm sin ris .i. daucus asininus .i. asininus an t-asal & ise biadh dilis an asail e e. Ata gne ele don luibh so re n-abur daucus credicus & on oilean darub ainm Creidi ainmnidtear e .i. oilen Greagach eisein oir ni fasann acht san oilen sin. Ata brigh cnaidteach discailteach seimhithi annsa luibh so on foladh seimh ata aici & ona cailibh cudruma ata innti & as mor fodnus an luibh so arna bearbadh maille re figeadhaibh tirma ar fin an aigid an asma & na cosachtaighi fuaire fliuch & a cuis an cleibh tic o adbar fuar gan fiabras in luibh so da bearbadh ar fin maille re liccoiris & re pudur rueil & eabar mocrac & trat nona.

Item, gabh da trian fina & trian uisci & lan duirn da dubcosac & lan duirn da mercuirial & da milbocan oiread da gach luibh bristear & bearb ar fin no ar uisce mar adubramur & sitlaidhtear & eabur ar cur meala fai & oslaigidh duinti na n-ae & na seilge. Item, gabh sugh meirsi & bearbtar {ms folio 72a2} milbocan & faisctear & glantar amail siroip & foirigh an igroipis gan amurus & osluichis

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104. Dragantum: .i. gum crainn fasas annsa Talamh Naem; fuar sa ii ceim & fliuch sa cet ceim & atait tri gneiti uirre, an cet ghne dibh bit geal & issi is ferr dib; an ii gne a ndath foruagh; an iii gne a ndath buighi {ms folio 72b1} no annsa dath re n-abar sitrina & asi an gne geal bertar isna leigesaibh fuara & na gneithi eli isna leigesaib teasaide. Mairigh a brigh da bliadhain ann & atait tri brigha sa gum

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Item, gabh uisce ara mbearbtar licoiris & curtar an gum so air & foirigh an cosachtach. Item, an t-uisce cetna & cuirtear dragantum ann la co n-aithe & tabair lan leighi da ol de & foirigh tirmach an bel. Item, gabh uisce na roisi & cuir an gum so air no go leagha & curtar pudur ameide ann & sitoiltear ar eng rian & curtar cleite ann & a coimilt d'algaib an beoil & na teangadh & foirigh iat. Item, gabh dragantum & curtar an uisce na roisi la co n-aithe & curtar arna maireac borax maeth & campora ann & coimiltear dan aigid & glanuigh hi & scrisaidh a fatadh {ms folio 72b2} dhi. Item, gabh griban & boin sugh as & cuir dragantum ann re fead aitche & tumtar edach ann & cuirtear arna neascoidibh teasaide ina tosach & fritbuailidh iat. Item, gabh an gum cetna & cumusc an uisce fertana & en circe do bearbadh arin uisce so & a tabairt da caiteamh idir feoil & eanbruiti & bristear na cloca fuail uada & foirigh urcoid na n-arann. Item, adeir Plaitiairius da cumusctar dragantum maille re gealan uighe & a cur ar loscad teineadh no uisce & foirigh he.

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105. Diegreidium: .i. sud luibe noch is cosmuil re gerr na heigme & isna laeib re n-abur dies caineclaireis do-nitear & as amluigh do-nitear .i. gabh duillebar & sil na luibe re n-abar diegredium & bristear co maith faisctear tri edach lin & tirmuidtear & bigh 'na diegreidium & ase dath as fearr air a beith dub no a ngoire da duibhe no fo-geal & ni dleaghar a tobairt a meid is mo na da ℥ no da scrupal co leith & ni dleaghar a tobairt gan maisdix{ms folio 72b3}no gum araibi no bidellium .i. srianta ele dona leigesaibh lactacha & ata folmugad leanna ruaigh co hoireda & leanna finn co tanaiste & leanna duibh co deiginach. Et adeir Plaitiairius nach dleaghar diegridium da tobairt maille re huisce fuar da berar e maille re leigesaibh lactacha amail ata oiximel lactacha lictubaire lactacha amail ata triafera sarasenica noch folmuigeas linn ruagh co hoireda no a cumusc le blanca o folmuidtear linn finn no a cumusc maille re diesene o folmuidtear linn dubh & as faidi beras a brigh ann & a cumasc{ms folio 73a1} maille re na lictabairib na a cumusc maille re na deocaib oir mairigh a brigh ann co ceann da bliadhain no tri mbliadhan & a cumusc maille re na lictabairib & ni dleaghar a tabairt an aimser tsamraigh acht maille re huisce bog annsa meid adubrumur romhainn.

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106. Dens leonis: .i. an serban muc: teasaide sa ii ceim & tirim sa iii & as mor fodnus & as mor folmuigheas & glanus linn dubh & an tan peacaigus fuil dearg ana call maille re linn dubh gabh prema na luibhe so & liatlus bec & gorman & prema losa na franc & prema finscoithi & dairin & prema odraigh & becan fumiter bristear na luibhe so & curtar ar lind tren maille re mil & eabar an deoch so & glanaidh an fuil mista & innarbaidh linn dubh. Gabh an luib so & buigen uighe & sug slanlosa & min eorna & cuir arin neascoid re n-abur antrax & brisig & foirigh gan amurus. Item, gabh an luibh cetna & bun copog & bearb ar folcad fuinnseann & coimil{ms folio 73a2} don t-sail cnis & foirigh cudum an fuilt & da-beir dat maith air.

107. Diureticam: .i. gach luibh ana fuil brig togairmthi in fuail & briste na cloc mar ata sil melones & sitruilli & cucumeris & cucuirbita & sil feinel & ainisi & persille & elistroint & premha egrime & milbocan & bilar & sil raidleoigi & fuil bocain & caera in eighind na crann & gurmaill & is iat so na neithi diureticaca fuara amail ata andiuia & scairiola & sicoreo & samadh & ae aba & teneagal & blath raibhi uisci & sil popin. Is iat so na neice diureticaca fliucha .i. licoiris & sil leamhaigh & sil popin gil & prema na raibi uisce & na iiii sila mora fuara mar ata cemen citruilli & melonium & cucuirbita & nenufar & a cosmuile. Is lat so na leigis brisis na clocha fuail .i. bun feir magrullaigh & crim muice fiad & {ms folio 73a3} spica

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108. Diptannus, pulegium martis: .i. da ainm an litontra & ata se teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & ata brigh aitairrngteac innti & brigh seimidteac & brigh discailteach & is mor fodhnus an easlainte na n-ae & greime na con confaidh. In luibh so do brisidh & ceirin do denamh de no {ms folio 73b1} a sugh so d'ol & foirigh gerradh na con confaigh & gach uili neimh & is mor fodnus an luibh so da bearbadh ar fin an aigid stranguria & disuria & icaidh iat. A tabairt ar fin & foirigh asma. Prema na luibhe so da bearbadh ar sugh artamesia & a tobairt sa maclac amuil pisairium & togairmigh an fuil mista & innarbaidh an toirrceas marb bis ann. An luibh so da bearbadh ar sug ruibhe & pudur castoirium da cur ann & a ol & foirig eipilensia. An luibh cetna & soibirgin da brisid & a cur 'na ceirin um in mball a mbi crit & foiridh. Adeir Pilorietus gurab ferr an luibh so ur na crin & gurob mo tigernaidheas a brigh 'na preim na 'na barr & bigh a brigh 'na preim on a tirmugad co ceann da bliadhan. Pudur na luibhe so da cumusc maille re sugh minntais & foirigh gac neimh & gac olc ban. Item, gabh pudur na luibhe so & sug aipsinnti & becan da siucra geal cumusctar & tabair lan leighi dib gac lae & foirig teinneas an gaili & supocasio matrisis. Pudur na luibhe so & sugh minntais da congmail sa bel co fada & {ms folio 73b2}

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109. Dragantum: .i. in coporrus; teasaide tirim sa 4 ceim & atait iiii gneiti air .i. gne geal & araibicum a hainm .i. san Araip da-gabar e & gne buighi darub ainm siperinum & sain oilen darub ainm Sipra da-gabar e. In iii gne darub ainm frasina .i. sa Frainc da-gabur e & dath uaine bhis air. In iiii gne darub ainm andicum & dat glas bis air & san Innia da-gabur & mitaill talmuighe na gneu so & ase dath as ferr air .i. dath solus uaine & bigh a brigh x mbliadhna ann. Et ata brigh discailteac cnaigteac tirmaigteac ann gurab uime sin is imcubaidh e da reir Plaitiairius an aigid na linnigan & na feadanachta fliucha ele da tirmugad. Item, gabh pudur dragantum & a da urdail da min ponairi arna parsail & an iiii cuid {ms folio 73b3} da gallunaigh & dentar ga copo de & a cur a mbel na cneidhi & fairsingid na cneadha & tairrngidh a cnaime bristi & atnuaigid a feoil. Is mor fodnus an aigid an galair darub ainm poilipus .i. galar da galraibh na srona & is uime aderar poillipus ris .i. as inann poli & meall & is inann pus & siligh .i. meall bis ar sileadh sa sroin. Item, gabh apostoilicon uinnemint imcubaidh na cneadh & curtar dragantum triti & suat co maith trit a celi & curtar a pollaibh na srona {ms folio 74a1} & foirigh an galar adubrumur. Item, ga copa da cadas da tuma an uisce

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1. Don baluart
2. d'eiginn na crann
3. don eigeann talman
4. don tatabaid
5. don endiuia
6. don ellinn
7. dona haeib abha
8. da blath na time
9. don eisbeorna
10. don euforbium
11. don uma loiscte
12. don ematites
13. don emblisi
14. don cearrbocan.

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110. Ebulus, cameactis: .i. da ainm in ualuaird & is teasaide tirim sa ii ceim & is mor cosmailtear a brigh & a oibriugad risin sambucas acht amain gurab treisi an brigh lactach sa ualuard & ase sugh a premh is imcubaidh chum an leigis & ata folmugadh leanna finn co hoireda innte {ms folio 74a3} maille re haitarraing & folmugad na n-uili leannann righin & ata folmugad suas & sis ann co foireigneac gurab uime sin nac dleaghar a tobairt act an tan bus dileaghtha in t-adbar. Dleagur an corp d'ullmugad chum an fluxa roimpi & adeir Plaitiairius nach dleaghar an leiges ana mbia toghairm na sceatraige da tobairt no co mbia in t-adbar dileaghtha. Fodnuigh purgoid na luibhe so co mor an aigid tersiana & do-nitear o coilera uitilina no citrina & fodnuigh co mor an aigid coididiana bis re haimser fada. Is mor fodnus an luibh cetna an aigid duinte na n-ae & na buidheocuire & coilica & ilica & potagra & artetica & leucafleadhmainnsia. Item, gabh lan blaisce uighe da sugh a preime & cumusc maille re fin finn & tabar & as mait an aigid na neitead adubrumar. Gab prema na luibhe cetna & cuir a siroip no an oiximel{ms folio 74b1} lactach no bearbtar a sugh a sugh so maille re mil & bigh brigh lactach sa mil so co mor.

Item, dentar fotragad da duillebar na luibhe so da lucht na higroipisi & comfurtachtaigid co mor iat & is mor fodhnus an uinnemint do-nitear don luibh so don luct ara mbi bruth no gerba no salcar idir feoil & leatar. Urbruith da denamh don luibh so don ball arna bruthadh. Adeir Raisis prema na luibhe so da buain san errach & a

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111. Edera arborea: .i. eiginn na crann & ata se teasaide co measurdha & as mor a tirmaigeacht & funis paperum ainm eli do. Sugh eiginn da coimilt dan inadh darb ail leat a finnfad da buain & boinigh a finnfadh de. An ni cetna da coimilt don folt & marbaigh na mila & na sneadha. An sug cetna d'ol & oslaigidh duinti na n-ae & na seilge & a tobairt co mor da lucht an asma. In sugh cetna da cur sa cluais & foirigh teinneas & neascoide na cluas & coiscigh sileadh na n-adbar ele cucu {ms folio 74b3} & foirigh

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112. Edera terrestris: .i. an t-eigheann talman & is teasaide tirim an luibh so & ata togairm na fola mista ann & tarbaigid co mor an aigid mola matricis. Gabh an luibh so & clamhan lin oiread da gach ni & bearbt ar ar fin finn & tobairt mar dig do mnai & scailid mola matrisis. Item, dentar ceirin don luibh cetna maille re type="pharm">deascaib fina da cur mon imlinn ar druim an maclaig & togairmig an fuil mista & scailid mola matrisis. Item, ceirin dan luibh cetna maille re blonaig muice da cur arna haltaibh & foirigh potagra & artetica. An luibh cetna maille re crotfull cuill & fotragadh da denamh as & foirigh an buigheacair.

113. Eleborus nider: .i. in tathaba dub; teasaide tirim sa iii ceim is cosmuil a oibriugadh risin tataba ngeal act

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114. Endiuia: et ata in luibh so fuar sa cet ceim & tirim sa ii ceim & ata a brigh uili ana duillebar & ina sil & ata brigh diureticach ann & comhfurtachtaigid na hae & an tsealg an tan tic o adbur teasaide & is mor tarbaidheas an luibh so an aigid na neascoide teasaide inmedonaighi & is {ms folio 75b1} mor fodnus an aigid na fiabras seacranach noc tic o adbar teasaide a siroipib & a ndeocaib & ceirinacaib. Gab indiuia & prema sitabail & dubcosach ur & sail cuach & samadh ferrna & easboc beain & rudus & prema samaig

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115. Elena campana: .i. in eillin; teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & fliuch sa cet ceim. In luibh so da bearbadh ar fin no ar lind & togairmigh an fuil mista & in togluasacht & in fual. Ceirin da preimh na luibhe so da chur arin imlinn & coiscid ilica & coilica. An luib cetna da bearbadh ar fin & ar mil an aenfeacht & a cur 'na ceirin arna dubanaib & foirigh{ms folio 75b2} teinneas na n-arunn. Item, gabh prema na luibhe cetna & dena pudar de & beirb ar mil noco ma tiugh & eabar lan leighe ar cetlongad & re loighe & foirigh an cosactac & ata brigh comfurtachta & cnaidteac & glantach na feitheadh sa luibh so. In luibh so da bearbadh ar fin an aigid teinnis & gaetmuireachta in gaili. Premha na luibhi cetna da tirmugadh a tosach an tsamraigh & beirig a brigh bliadhain innte. Item, pudur na luibhi so da bearbadh ar uisce maille re huisce eorna & re licoiris & pudur caineil & siucra da cur air & tarbaigh co mor an aigid easlainte na mball spiradalta. In luibh cetna da bearbadh ar fin & ar ola & a cur 'na ceirin ar in imlican & foirigh ilica & coilica & stranguria.

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116. Epatica: .i. ae aba & atait siat fuar tirim, sa iii ceim & isi uair as fearr hi an uair is mo a duillebar & ata brigh fuarta diureticach innti & as mor fognus an aigid duinti na n-ae & na seilge noc {ms folio 75b3} do-nitear o adbar teasaide. Siroip na luibe so 'na haenur & pudur reubarbram da chur innti & foirigh duinte na n-ae & an buigheocur. Gac uili deoch & siroip & ceirin do-gentar cum na n-ae dleaghar ae aba da cur ann. Item, bristear an luibh & curtar gealan uighe triti & fritbuailidh na neascoide teasaide. An luibh cetna da brisidh & im gan salann da cur trite & foirigh in ceirin duinti na n-ae & na seilge.

117. Epetimen: .i. blath na time; teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & ata folmugadh leanna duibh nadurta & mi-nadurtha ann co hoireda & folmugadh leanna finn co tanaiste gurab uime sin as tarbach hi da lucht mainia & melancoilia & quartana & coididiana & galar na seilge & gach easlainte do-nitear o linn dubh. Et gnathuightear a cur isna comsuigtibh oir geraidh se an leiges lactach & da tuctar 'na haenur togairmig sincoipis & glanuigh fidhisi na scamhan o linn finn reamur & o linn dubh co dilis. Not leat da reir Plaitiairius co ndileaghann an luibh so linn dubh co dilis. An luibh so do bearbadh ar fin an aigid na

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118. Esula: eisbeorna & ata si teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & isi a premh is fearr chum an leigis lactaigh a ngach en gne dibh & ata folmugadh leanna finn & na leannann {ms folio 76a2} righin innte co hoireda & folmugadh leanna ruaigh co tanaiste gurab uime sin as mor tarbaigheas si da lucht potagra & sireagra & artetica & coilica & ilica & leucafleadhmainnsia & codidiana & a cosmuili. Da-berur an luibh so ar fin te no ar lind te no an uigh buic & oibrighidh co mor & geraigid gach leiges folmuigheas linn finn & na leanna air ceana. A buain san errach & bigh a brigh da bliadhain innte.

119. Euforbium: .i. gum crainn & is teasaide tirim sa iii ceim e & ata brigh lactach co foirtill ann & is amluigh is ferr e a ndath buidhi & folmuigid linn finn & na leanna rigni co hoireda on gaili & ona hinnibh & folmuigid na leanna cetna ona haltaib & is tarbach e an aigid stranguria coididiana do-nitear o coilera sitrina no uitilina. Is mor fodhnus an aigid na higroipisi tig o fuaraideacht & an aigid artetica & coilica & ilica oir cnaigid in fliuchaideacht imurcach o ndentar na heaslainte

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120. Es ustum: .i. umha loisce; teasaide triim sa sa iiii ceim & ata folmughadh leanna duibh co hoireda ann & ata brigh seimhithi cnaidteac discailteach ann gurab uime sin curtar e isna tretaib discailteacha amail ata apostolicon & a cosmuile. Pudur da denam {ms folio 76b2} dhe chum

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121. Ematites: .i. cloch noch ata fuar tirim sa ii ceim & dat banglas bis uirre & san Innia oirteraigh da gabur hi & ata brigh coisci fola innte & is uime aderar ematiteis ria oir is inann ‘ema’ asin Greigis & fuil isin Gaeidilg & as inann ‘titis’ & fostogh oir ata fostogh na fola innti. Sug losa in sparain da choimilt don cloith so & a cur sa sroin & coiscid flux fola na srona & cadas da tuma sa sugh cetna & a cur san cneigh & coiscidh fuil na cneadh. Tabuir uisce na cloithi so da ol da lucht ematoica .i. an tseli fola & foirigh iat. An cloch so do nighe a sugh cruaiche Padraig & a tabairt dona mnaib ara mbi flux fola mista & foirig iat.

122. Emblici: .i. torta crainn fasus sa domun mhor & ata folmughadh leanna duib & leanna finn inntu & as tarbach iat an aigid na n-easlainteadh adoghmur mar ata quartana & a cosmuile. Pudur do denamh d'emblici & d'aloes & ola da chur trita & a coimilt don folt & ni licinn a tuitim & da-beir fas air. Pudur emblici da chumasc maille re sugh

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123. Eruca: .i. in cearrmacan; teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & ata brigh diureticach and & glanuigh co mor slidhthi in lesa. Prema cerrmacain da bearbadh ar mil & foirig an cosachtac. Sugh na luibhe so & mil da bearbadh ara ceili & a caitimh & osluigidh duinte na n-ae & na seilge. An luibh cetna da bearbadh ar fin & a cur 'na ceirin arin ceann ara mbi cneadh & tairrngid na cnaimhe bristi & a salcur as. Et adeir Macer gibe neac gnataigeas na prema so co medaigid an silne & an geineamhain & in tan caitear maille re lactuca & re sil feineil & is mor fodnus mar in cetna .

1. Don iarrunn
2. don ladh bis san omur
3. don aibill uisce
4. don pis Greagach
{ms folio 77a2}
5. don lus na sum talman
6. don fuinnseoic
7. don eorna
8. don fenel
9. don feinel muc
10. don laibin

---

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11. don domblas ae
12. don filipindula
13. don fumiter
14. don caertann curraigh
15. don bitnua
16. do caerib in ibuir craige
17. dona figeadaib
18. dona deascaib.

124. Ferrum, ferrugo & sgama ferri: .i. in t-iarunn & {ms folio 77a3} in t-slaighe & in tuirinn; is teasaide tirim sa iii ceim & ata deitfir idir na gneitib so .i. ferrum in t-iarunn & ferrugo in tslaighi & scama ferra an tuireann.

An t-iarann vero ata brigh comfurtachta & tairngteac & fostoiteac ann. An bainne bearbtar leisin iarunn coisgidh flux na bronn. In cned loisctear leis coiscid a fuil. In slaighi vero ata brigh seimhighti tirmaidteac ann. An fin ina mbaitear an slaighe coiscid remadus & duinti na seilge. Item, dentar pudur min don tslaighe & cumaisctear maille re sugh na coinnle muire & tumtar cadas ann & curtar sa timtireacht & coiscid flux emaroides. Item, gabh slaigteach dearg & doirt finegra air & lic a deatach fon timtireacht & foirig tenesmon & ni dleaghar an tuireann da tobairt ana haenur gan neithi stipeaca maille ris mar ata duillebar rosa oir da ghenfadh creachta arna hinnibh & folmaigid da reir a truime na leanna truaillnidhe da geib san gaili & isna hinnib & ata

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125. Ferrarium: .i. in ladh bis an ictar an omair a mbaitear an t-iarunn & is fuar tirim e & ata brigh fostoidteac ann & is tarbach e an aigid potagra & artetica. An t-uisce bearbtar leisin iarunn da chur a fotragad & coiscid an t-allus imurcach. Urbruit da denam d'uisce a mbaitear an t-iarann & d'uisce fertana & a deatach da ligin fo fer disinteria.

126. Flamula: .i. in aibill uisce; teasaide {ms folio 77b2} tirim sa iii ceim & as mor fodhnus cum na cnaitidh oir tairrngid fliucada imurcach cum a hinaigh. D' aipiugad na neascoidead fuar ceirin don luibh cetna & do blonaig muice da cur orra. Da-beraid drong eigin an luibh cetna ar digh

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127. Fenugrecum: .i. pis no feinel Greagach: teasaide sa ii ceim & tirim sa cet ceim & ata brigh coimhceangail & aipithi innti. Min fenegrecum & buigen uighe circe da cur mar ceirin arna neascoidibh & foirid iat & madh ailt an neascoid da brisidh gabh fenigrecum & ola coitceann & terpentina cumusctar & curtar arin neascoid & brisid gac uile neascoid re lo con aithi. Et mad ailt cruas na seilge da cur ar cul gabh fenegrecum & beirb maille re hola & re fin & a cur mar ceirin arin seilg & foirigh teinneas & {ms folio 77b3} cruas na seilge. Item, min finegrecum maille re huisce mbog da cur 'na ceirin arin gaili & foirigh teinneas in gaili & na n-innead.

128. Fragaria: .i. lus na sum talman; fuar tirim ata in luibh so & is mor fodnus da crectaib na scaman & na heaslainte re n-abur tisis .i. gabh prem madra & prem niamnaiti & lus na sum talman & prema cruaiche padraig co mor {ms folio 78a1} da gach ni bristear na luibhe so & dentar praiseac dib & tobuir ar fin bog da ol & cneasaigid creachta na scaman & foirid flux bronn. Item, gabh an luibh so & lus na fraecog & prema na tri ndrisighi & cailimint & madra .i. a prem & prema cartlainn^{24 25}

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129. Fraximus: .i. in fuinnseoc; teasaide tirim sa ii ceim & is mor coiscis an flux tic a haitli purgaidi. Croicinn an croinn cetna da bearbadh ar uisce fertana & fer na heaslainte da cur ann co nuic a imlinn & foirid disinteria & lienteria. An croicinn cetna da bearbadh ar leamnacht & foirigh na heaslainte cetna. A brisid & a bearbadh ar finegra & a cur ar bel an gaili & coiscid an sceatruc. Premhrusc an crainn cetna da bearbadh ar fin & coiscid duinti na n-ae & na seilge {ms folio 78a2} noc tic o fuaraideacht. An premrusc cetna & clamhan lin & mil goibrin & folmuigid sin linn dub on tseilg.

130. Farina ordi: .i. eorna no min & is fuar sa cet ceim & tirim sa ii ceim & ata brigh fritbuailteac innti & as tarbach chum na neascoid teasaide re n-abur carbuncalus & eirisipialas .i. gab min eorna & duillebar sidubail & crasola .i. toirpin & sugh noinin bristear na luibhe so & curtar gealan uighe circe tritu & curtar 'na ceirin arna neascoidibh ana tosac & fritbuailid an t-adbar ger. Adeir Plaitiairius gurab mor fodnus an eorna cum an leigis .i. a caith & a haran & a min oir ata brigh glantac oslaigteac innti gurab uime sin is imcubaidh hi an aigid gac uili

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D' aipiugadh na neascoid teasaide min eorna & mil da cur orra no min eorna & picc boc no min eorna & terpentina & a cur orra amhuil ceirin.