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<title type="uniform">Goire Conaill Chernaig i Cr&uacute;achain ocus Aided Ailella ocus Conaill Chernaig</title>
<title type="translation" lang="en">The Cherishing of Conall Cernach in Cr&uacute;achu and the Death of Ailill and Conall Cernach</title>
<title type="gmd">An electronic edition</title>
<author>unknown</author>
<editor id="KM" sortas="meyer, kuno">Kuno Meyer</editor>
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<resp>translated by</resp>
<name>Kuno Meyer</name>
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<name id="BF">Beatrix F&auml;rber </name>
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<funder>University College, Cork, School of History</funder>
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<edition n="1">First draft.</edition>
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<publisher>CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts: a project of the Department of History, University College, Cork</publisher>
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<date>2015</date>
<distributor>CELT online at University College, Cork, Ireland.</distributor>
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<head>Manuscripts of the Irish text</head>
<bibl n="1">National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh MS. XL, p. 3--5. (Edited here by Meyer.)</bibl>
<bibl n="2">Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS 1319, olim H. 2. 17, p. 475b. (Edited by Meyer in a footnote on p. 104ff.)</bibl>
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<head>Edition</head>
<bibl n="1">See below.</bibl>
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<head>The edition used in the digital edition</head>
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<editor>Kuno Meyer</editor>
<title level="a">Goire Conaill Chernaig i Cr&uacute;achain ocus Aided Ailella ocus Conaill Chernaig </title>
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<monogr>
<title level="j">Zeitschrift f&uuml;r Celtische Philologie</title>
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<biblScope type="volume">1</biblScope>
<pubPlace>Halle/Saale</pubPlace>
<publisher>Max Niemeyer</publisher>
<date>1897</date>
<biblScope type="page">106&ndash;109</biblScope>
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<p>The present electronic text covers Kuno Meyer's translation on pp. 106&ndash;109. The endnotes are omitted.</p>
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<date>1897</date></creation>
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<pb n="102"/>
<div type="introduction" lang="en">
<head>Goire Conaill Chernaig i Cr&uacute;achain ocus Aided Ailella ocus Conaill Chernaig</head>
<p>The following tale is here edited and translated for the first time from the only two MSS in which it has come down to us, the Edinburgh codex XL, pp. 3&ndash;5 and H. 2, 17, pp. 475b&ndash;476b. As the two MSS do not agree so closely as to allow the construction of a critical text, they are both printed <frn lang="la">in extenso</frn>.</p>
<p>The Edinburgh version has an introduction containing what is sometimes referred to as the <emph rend="ital" lang="ga">Gaire Conaill</emph> (LL 211b, 8 in the versified <emph rend="ital" lang="ga">dindshenchas</emph> of Mag Luirg), or the <emph rend="ital" lang="ga">Goire Conaill Cernaig i Cr&uacute;achain</emph> 'The Cherishing of Conall Cernach in Cr&uacute;achu' (Rev. Celt. 15, p. 473, line 2). It is illegible in several places.</p>
<p>The story here told belongs to the heroic cycle of Irish Legend. It is mentioned in the list of tales of that cycle in the <name type="manuscript">Book of Leinster</name>, p. 189c, 36. But the oldest form of the tale has not reached us; for the versions here printed were evidently rewritten from older materials at a later age (13th century?), a fact apparent both from the language and from the general tenor of the narrative. Still there is no reason to assume that the older version differed materially in its contents from these later ones.</p>
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<pb n="106"/>
<head>The Cherishing of Conall Cernach and The Deaths of Ailill and of Conall Cernach</head>
<p>There was a fierce man of the men of Ulster, Conall the Victorious, the son of Amargen, the best warrior that was in Ireland. Great was his hardihood. He was a man who never from his childhood so long as there was a spear in his hand went without the head of a Connaughtman with him.<note type="auth" n="1">Compare the description of Conall Cernach in LL p. 107a, 18 sqq.</note> He was in deadly feud<note type="auth" n="2"><frn lang="ga" rend="ital">dorala fri Connacht co m&oacute;r.</frn> Compare the phrase <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">dorala itir</frn> in the following passages: <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">dorala eturru ic imbert fidchilli &ampersir; Fergus</frn> 'he and Fergus fell out while playing fidchell', LL 103b, 39; <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">noco-tarla etorro i Temair L&uacute;achra immon muic Slanga</frn> 'until they fell out about the pig of Sl&aacute;nga in Temair L&uacute;achra', Fotha Catha Chnuacha, 8; <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">dorala itir Luicet &ampersir; Aed mac Morna isin chath</frn> 'Luicet and Aed met in hostile encounter in the battle', Macgnim. Finn, 2.</note> against the men of Connaught, for they had killed his brothers. However, there was not a man of the men of Connaught, whose son or whose brother or whose father he had not slain. And he killed three sons of Ailill and Medb, and it is he also who killed Belch&uacute; of Brefne<note type="auth" n="3">Belch&uacute; of Brefne. Cf. the following lines in Cinaed &uacute;a Hartac&aacute;in's poem, LL p. 31b, 25:<lb/>
<frn lang="ga" rend="ital">Belchu Breifne cona chlaind<lb/>
G&oacute;ita da cherddaib Conaill,</frn><lb/> and see Jubainville, <title type="book">Catalogue</title>, p. 180.</note> and his three sons, and it is he who killed the seven sons of Magu of Connaught, even Anluan son of Magu, and Docha<note type="auth" n="4">Docha. His name is written D&oacute;che in LL. 55a, 40.</note> son of M&aacute;gu, and Mac Corb son of M&aacute;gu, and Find son of M&aacute;gu, and Scandl&aacute;n<note type="auth" n="5">Scandl&aacute;n. He is called Scandal in LL55a, 40, and in the following quatrain from Egerton 1782, fo. 52a, 1:<lb/>
<frn lang="ga">Conall Cern<ex>ach</ex> clu t<ex>r</ex>ia cath<lb/>
robi <ex>secht</ex> m<ex>a</ex>cu Magach:<lb/>
Mug-Corb, Cett, Doch rosding,<lb/>
Scannal, En, Annl&Uacute;an, Ailill.</frn></note> son of M&aacute;gu, and Cet, and Ailill son of M&aacute;gu. And it is he who killed Ailill son of Mata Muresc of Connaught, for Mata Muresc was his (i. e. Ailill's) mother, and he was the son of Ross the Red of Leinster. And he (i. e. Ailill) went eastward to contest the kingship of Leinster, and he seized the kingship of Connaught in the west on behalf of his mother, and from the land of his mother the son's name<note type="auth" n="6"><frn lang="ga" rend="ital">sluinned an maic</frn>, lit. 'the cognomen of the son' = patronymic. Cf. Rawlinson B502, fo. 73a, 2: <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">Buchet a ainm, mac hui Inbl&aelig; a slonnud.</frn></note> (i. e. mac Mata) was bestowed upon him in the west.</p>
<p>At last however, debility and sadness fell upon Conall the Victorious, after his foster-brothers Conchobar and Cuchulinn had been slain, so that great sorrow and misery and leprosy fell upon him, so that there was no strength in his feet to go

<pb n="107"/>
about. And he considered with himself to which household he should go to be cherished and to be fed.</p>
<p><q>Ailill and Medb, truly</q>, says he; <q>they are the couple that are able<note type="auth" n="7"><frn lang="ga" rend="ital">dia ticfa mo lesugud</frn>. The phrase <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">tic d&iacute;m</frn> in older Irish has the same meaning as the modern <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">tig liom</frn> 'I am able', 'I can'. Cf. <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">n&iacute; thic d&iacute;m a n-&aacute;irim uli</frn> 'I cannot count them all, LU 39a, 12. <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">n&iacute; thig d&uacute;n a r&aacute;d</frn>, 'we cannot tell', LL.29 b, 2. <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">ni thicfad don domun uli</frn> L Br. 145a, etc.</note> to provide for me. But then my enmity towards them is great. However, great as it is, I must needs go there.</q></p>
<p>Thereupon alone he went until he reached Rath Cruachan, and went into the rath where Ailill and Medb were. And Ailill bids him welcome.
<q>'Tis welcome to thee</q>, says Medb, <q>O Conall ..... Welcome indeed shalt thou have</q>, says Medb. <q>A house shall be made (for thee) upon the rampart of the rath.</q></p>
<p>A house is made for him, and a pig and a bullock-calf and the leavings of Medb and Ailill and twelve cakes and a wether and the caldron of broth<note type="auth" n="8"><frn lang="ga" rend="ital">coire anbruithi.</frn> Cf. <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">anbruich .i. an uisci &ampersir; broth</frn> Harl. 5280, fo. 11b. <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">anbruith</frn> 'broth' is a living word. See Hyde, <title type="book">Beside the Fire</title>, p. 8, 31.</note> are taken (to him), and he consumed all that at one sitting. He makes ... the rampart of the rath, and he has his fill every night from the men of Connaught, and before morning he would come home.</p>
<p>In that wise were they feeding him a full year, and giving him the same feast as that. This was what used to amuse the men of Connaught every day, he to relate to them how he had killed their sons and their brothers and their fathers. The men of Connaught would bring their spears to him to be set<note type="auth" n="9"><frn lang="ga" rend="ital">indsma.</frn> See <title type="book">Aisling Meic Conglinne</title> Index s. v.</note> and to be chipped,<note type="auth" n="10"><frn lang="ga" rend="ital">snaide</frn>, verbal noun of <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">snaidim</frn> 'I chip, cut', Windisch <title type="book">W&ouml;rterbuch</title>.</note> and he would set them before any cow arose.</p>
<p>Now, great was the power and the honour and dignity of Medb, and great was her desire about every thing, to wit, she used to change thirty men every day,<note type="auth" n="11">Cf. Medb's own words in LL 54a, 9: <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">d&aacute;ig ni raba-sa riam can fer ar sc&aacute;th araile ocum</frn> 'for I have never been without having one man after another with me'.</note> or go with Fergus once. Her husband, however, was of the same age as she, even Ailill, a man without blemish, to wit, without jealousy, without fear, without niggardliness.<note type="auth" n="12">Taken from TBC, LL 53b, 35: <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">fer cen ne&oacute;it, cen &eacute;t, cen omun.</frn></note> Good was the shape and the strength and the judgment of that man, viz. when a man was playing against Ailill, a servant of Medb's would come to summon him to a meeting with her. And this is what Ailill used to say: <q>Wait a little till the play is ended.</q> He also used to have meetings with other women in disregard of his wife, and she was jealous on that score, so that she took Conall Cernach into her household (as a watch) on Ailill, lest he should do such a thing against her permission.</p>
<p>One day early in the morning on May-day Ailill was meeting a woman at the side of the fortress. Conall however was setting spears on the rath. Medb also went out, for she knew their

<pb n="108"/>
keeping company.<note type="auth" n="13"><frn lang="ga" rend="ital">c&eacute;tlud.</frn> The meaning of this word, in which <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">c&eacute;t-</frn> is evidently of the same origin as in <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">c&eacute;tbuid, c&eacute;tmuinter</frn>, seems to be 'keeping company, companionship', as in the <title type="book">Tripartite Life</title>, p. 210, 19: <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">cetlud do fri r&iacute;g</frn>, which Stokes renders by 'companionship with a king'. According to the Tecosca Cormaic (LL 344b), <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">c&eacute;tlud fri c&aacute;ch</frn> 'keeping company with everybody' is a sign of folly. The word is also used of sexual relation, or cohabitation, and that seems its sense in our passage. Cf. LL 84a, 17:<lb/>
<frn lang="ga" rend="ital">in ingen, cid c&aacute;em a cruth,<lb/>
nochostibrea re c&eacute;tluth</frn><lb/>
Saltair na Rann, l. 5979:<lb/>
<frn lang="ga" rend="ital">feib ba b&eacute;s bith i c&eacute;tlud<lb/>
dogr&eacute;ss d&oacute;ib fo &aacute;in&eacute;tgud.</frn></note> There was a hazel-bush by the side of the couple moving, and Medb saw that. <q>Well, Conall</q>, says Medb, <q>Conall the Victorious has been thy name till to-day. Hence forth thy name shall be Conall the Wicked Wretch.<note type="auth" n="14"><frn lang="ga" rend="ital">Cl&oacute;entr&uacute;ag</frn>. H 2 17 has <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">clamtruag</frn>, referring to the <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">claime</frn> which had fallen on Conall. But cf. <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">in siartha</frn> (leg. <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">siabartha?</frn> <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">claontruad</frn> (leg. <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">claontr&uacute;ag) ucad</frn> Cennach ind R&uacute;anado, 98.</note> While thou wast Conall the Victorious, no one would have dared to violate thy guarantee.<note type="auth" n="15"><frn lang="ga" rend="ital">r&aacute;thaigecht</frn> evidently the same meaning as <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">r&aacute;thaiges</frn> (Windisch <title type="book">W&ouml;rterbuch</title>) and r&aacute;thachas, <title type="periodical">Revue Celtique</title> 13, p. 123.</note> To-day that outrage yonder is close to thee.</q><note type="auth" n="16">H. has 'To-day thou hast allowed it. Yon outrage is plain to thee.'</note> Then said Conall: <q>Truly, here is a revenge for Fergus!</q> says he, and aims<note type="auth" n="17"><frn lang="ga" rend="ital">certaigim</frn> 'I bring into the right position, I poise, aim'. Cf. <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">raboc &ampersir; rabertaig h&iacute; [i.e. in sleig] rachroth &ampersir; rachertaig &ampersir; tarlaic rout n-urchair di 'no</frn>, LL 177b, 7. See also LL 64b, 29.</note> the spear at them so that it passed into Ailill from one side to the other, or maybe he wounded him in an empty house through the thatch above.<note type="auth" n="18">H. has 'so that it reached his lungs.'</note> Every one came to him, and they carry him with them into the house.</p>
<p><q>Who has done it?</q> all say. <q>Conall did it</q>, says Ailill. <q>Woe! it is not true!</q> says Conall. <q>It is true</q>, says Medb. <q>If it is true then</q>, says he, <q>there is revenge for Fergus in it.</q> <q>Evil for thee what thou hast done</q>, says Ailill. <q>to do evil to me.<note type="auth" n="19">Here H has: 'That was not what I intended, to do evil to thee.'</note> Take thyself away from my face before I die. For after my death the men of Connaught will kill thee.</q> <q>Enough for
me</q>, says Conall, <q>if I reach my chariot in front of the fortress.</q> <q>I shall not die till then</q>, says Ailill.</p>
<p>He went into his chariot. Forthwith Ailill dies yonder (in the house). Then however the men of Connaught hurled their spears at him vehemently. He slays a great number of them. There was a <term type="taboo" lang="ga">geis</term> on him to go into a ford without its being strained after him. There were miners washing ore in the river above him, and the troubled water reached him, so that it held him fast before every body. Then he fell by them after having wrought a slaughter of Connaughtmen. The three Red-wolves of Martine<note type="auth" n="20">As to the three Red-wolves see <title type="periodical">Revue Celtique</title> 15, p. 473.</note> of the Fir Maige (Fermoy) it was who cut off his head; they were from Erne, and they were in the household of Ailill. And in revenge for Curoi they cut off his head. And while they were slaying him, Medb arrived in the pursuit. It was then Medb said:
<text type="poem">
<body>
<lg type="quatrain">
<l>O pale head, which after the decision (of the battle)</l>
<l>The three Red-wolves of Martine carry off,</l>
<l>It is the face of a hero ...,</l>
<l>The head of Conall, son of Amargen.</l></lg>
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They took the head of Conall with them in revenge for C&uacute;r&oacute;i, whose head the men of Ulster had carried with them northward.
<note type="auth" n="21">According to LL 31 b, 6, C&uacute;r&oacute;i's grave is on Slemish, a mountain in Kerry (<frn lang="ga" rend="ital">lecht Conr&uacute;i i Sl&eacute;ib Mis</frn></note> And the head is still in the west. Four one-year

<pb n="109"/>
old calves would fit in it, or four men playing <term type="game" lang="ga">fidchell</term>, or a couple on a litter.<note type="auth" n="22"><frn lang="ga" rend="ital">cossair</frn> 'litter'. See <title type="book">Cath Finntragha</title> Index s. v. and add crandsc&iacute;ath ... forsatalla certchossair cethri n-drong n-decenbair, LU 88b, 38.<lb/>
<frn lang="ga" rend="ital">failet tr&iacute; &eacute;cis cen ail<lb/>
isind firt sa i n-oenchossair,</frn> LU, 38 marg. sup. </note> There is a prophecy for the men of Ulster that it shall be taken south again, and the same strength shall come to them again, if they drink milk<note type="auth" n="23">Perhaps the <frn lang="ga" rend="ital">as as</frn> of the Edinburgh MS is merely dittography.</note> out of it. And hence is the saying: '<q>The destruction of Ulster by the destruction of Ulster.</q><note type="auth" n="24">H. has 'Ulstermen they shall be, Ulstermen they were'.</note>
The Deaths of Ailill and of Conall the Victorious as far as that.</p>
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