%ISOgrk1; %ISOgrk2; ]> Anathomia Gydo An electronic edition An Irish translation of the first two doctrines of Guy de Chauliac's De anathomia Cormac mac Duinnshléibhe Eithne Ní Gallchobhair Electronic edition compiled by Beatrix Färber University College, Cork School of History First draft 21800 CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts: a project of the Department of History at University College, Cork
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 Manuscript Sources National Library of Ireland (NLI) MS G 453, ff 110r–126v (G). Dublin , Trinity College, MS 1436, pp 17a1–35az (T). National Library of Scotland (NLS) MS Adv. 72.1.2, ff 1r–5v (S). London, British Library, MS Arundel 313, ff 10r9–13vz. National Library of Ireland (NLI) MS G 8, pp 101.10–101.24. NUI Galway, James Hardiman Library, Additional MS 175, pp 175–184.11. A selection of literature Edouard Nicaise, La grande chirurgie de Guy de Chauliac, chirurgien, maître en médecine de l'université de Montpellier, composée en l'an 1363 (Paris: Éditions Alcan 1890). Jean Enselme, La longue histoire de la Grande chirurgie de Guy de Chauliac (Lyons 1970). Margaret Sinclair Ogden, The cyrurgie of Guy de Chauliac, (Oxford: Oxford University Press 1971). Richard J. Durling, 'Burgundio of Pisa's translation of Galen's &Pgr;&egr;&rgr;&igr; &tgr;&ohgr;&ngr; &pgr;&egr;&pgr;&ogr;&ngr;&thgr;&ogr;&tgr;&ohgr;&ngr; &tgr;&ogr;&pgr;&ohgr;&ngr;: ' 'De interioribus ', Traditio 42 (1986) 439–442; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0362152900004141 André Thevenet, 'Guy de Chauliac (1300–1370): The "Father of Surgery"', Annals of Vascular Surgery 7 (2) 1993: 208–12. Michael R. McVaugh and Margaret S. Ogden (ed and tr), Guigonis de Caulhiaco (Guy de Chauliac) Inventarium sive Chirurgia Magna, 2 vols. Studies in Ancient Medicine, no. 14 (Leiden: Brill 1997). Michael R. McVaugh, The Rational Surgery of the Middle Ages, (Florence: Sismel/Edizioni del Galluzzo 2006). Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha, translation of section 2.7.5, Field Day Anthology of Irish Writing, vol. 4 (Cork: Cork University Press 2002) 346. Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha, 'Ollscoil na hÉireann, Gaillimh, LS Bhreise 175', Celtica 27 (2013) 148–53. Luke Demaitre, Medieval Medicine: the art of healing, from head to toe. Praeger Series on the Middle Ages (Santa Barbara, California 2013). G. Tsoucalas, M. Karamanou, K. Laios, K. Markatos, G. Androutsos, Oncologic conceptions in the work of the surgeon Guy de Chauliac (c. 1300-1368), JBUON 2019 Jan-Feb; 24(1) 410–414. Internet Dictionary of the Irish Language, mainly compiled from Old and Middle Irish materials: eDIL. See http://www.dil.ie/. LOGEION, A Dictionary incorporating several dictionaries of Greek and Latin at the University of Chicago http://logeion.uchicago.edu/. The edition used in the digital edition Anathomia Gydo Eithne Ní Gallchobhair First edition vi + 187 pp. Irish Texts Society Dublin 2014 Irish Texts Society [Cumann na Scríbheann nGaedhilge] 66

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The present text represents even pages 1–150 of the volume. The English translation is available in a separate file.

Text has been checked and proof-read twice.

The electronic text represents the edited text. Most footnotes and the index have been omitted. Important variant readings have been retained. Surplus text is shown in parentheses. Text supplied by the editor is in square brackets. Most footnotes and the index have been omitted. Expansions are marked ex. Latin terms in the printed text are italicized. Therefore any expansions within them are not shown. Editorial practice of marking vowel length, especially in plural endings, fluctuates and has been left untouched.

There is no direct speech.

When a hyphenated word (hard or soft) crosses a folio-break, this break is marked after completion of the hyphenated word. The same applies to an unhypenated word, of which there is one instance.

div0=the text; div1=the chapter; div1=the section; page-breaks are marked pb n="".

Personal names and book titles are tagged, so are anatomical and medical terms from Latin, Greek and Arabic.

 Original by Guy de Chauliac, 1363. Irish translation by Cormac Mac Duinnshléibhe, fl 1459. 1450–1490 The text is in Early modern Irish. Witness list and notes are in English. Some anatomical and medical terms are in Latin, or derived from it. Some anatomical terms are derived from Arabic. Some terms are in Greek, or derived from it. The language of the word rodol is unclear. medicine anatomy Guy de Chauliac De anathomia Inventarium sive Chirurgia Magna Montpellier Cormac Mac Duinnshléibhe c14 c15 2019-12-23 Beatrix Färber ed. Online-proofing of file (2) finished. File reparsed, validated, uploaded. 2019-12-10 Beatrix Färber ed. SGML and HTML files created and uploaded. 2019-12-10 Beatrix Färber ed. File parsed and validated. 2019-11 Beatrix Färber ed. Provisional TEI-Header created; part of file parsed and validated (1). 2019-10 Beatrix Färber ed. Text scanned, corrected and encoded for structure and content.
National Library of Ireland (NLI) MS G 453. "A sixteen-century medical manuscript. Anathomia Gydo is on ff. 110r-126v. The text begins at the outset of the first doctrine ending at 2.6.12. One anonymous scribe worked on this text between 1592" (4) and 1593. Digital Images are available on www.ISOS.dias.ie. Dublin , Trinity College, MS 1436. "A sixteen-century medical manuscript. Anathomia Gydo is on pp. 17a1–35az. The text begins towards the end of 1.1.10 and draws to a close at 2.8.8. There are no signatures; however, it appears that three scribes collaborated on Anathomia Gydo about the year 1533." (5) Cormac Mac Duinnshléibhe is named as translator of the treatise in the colophon at the end. Digital Images are available on www.ISOS.dias.ie.
ANATHOMIA GYDO

() Secundum Galenum in libro .xvii. De utilitate particularum capitulo pene ultimo et cetera .i. do rēir Gailēin sa seachtmad leabur dēag Do Tha<ex>r</ex>bha<ex>cht</ex> na Neithe Ran<ex>aid</ex>hiDe utilitate particularum; the standard English translation, if translated, is On the usefulness of the parts of the body. See note in edition p. 152. sa dara cabidil dēgenaigh atāid ceithre tarbhachta nōid ceithre socamail a bhfios anathomia. In chēadtarbhacht díph is ro-mhór &ersir; do thuicsin chumhacht Dia &ersir; a iongantuis. In dara tarbhacht .i. chum aithne na rann ina mbī an eslāinti. In treas tarbhacht chum fāistine na suighidhthi thiucfas ar an ccorp. In ceathramad tarbhacht chum leighis na n-eslāinti. Et ar na hadhburiph sin is éigin &ersir; is tarbhach da gach uile liaigh fios anathomia do bheith aige. () Agus do-geabhthur annsa chēidleabur labhras do thinnis na mball gurub cōir don liaigh bheith glic a n-aithne na m[b]all ann gach inad inna mbīa. Mā tā so tarbhach dona fisigibh atā sē nīsa mhō nō sin ēigintach dona cneadh[aidh](a)ibh do rēir fhoirceduil Gailēin De ingenio sanitatis, .i. ansa seisead leabur de Terapentice.Greek title: Therapeutike Methodos. The misreading of u as n is present in the Latin edition. The authoritative Greek edition of Galen's complete works with a Latin translation is by C. G. Kühn, Galeni Opera Omnia. 22 volumes, Leipzig 1821––33. However, this is mainly based on Renaissance editions. A recent authoritative edition of the Greek text with an English translation was published under the title Method of Medicine, edited and translated by Ian Johnston, Loeb Classic Library, 514–517, Harvard 2014. Agus na cneadaidhibh bhīs ainbhfisach ann anathomia peacaidhid go minic ag gearradh na bhféitheadh &ersir; na cceanngulrach. Agus an tī bhíos feasach san anathomia atā ann gach rann fo leith don chorp budh eol dō deocha &ersir; ceirīneacha dīsle do thabhairt da gach ball fo leith dā tteagmhann cnead do dēnam &ersir; aitheōna madh fēith nō sreanng nō ceanngalrach gearrthur ann.

() Et dearbh[aid] Henricus de Hermodavilla, annsa chēidleabur ddā leabraib cneadh[aireachta] fēin ann ní so trī rēsún mur so: ōir dligid gach uile ealadainteōir fios na suibideachta ina n-oibrighid do bheith aige dā rēir sin dligid an liaigh iūl anathomia do beith aige. Et daignigthiorThe -n- before -g- is regularly omitted in MS G. an rād so trī chosmhuilis: ōir is inann mod ar a n-obrighinn an dall isin maide &ersir; an cneadaige isin chorp an tan is ainbhfisach é inn anathomia ōir an tan bhīs an dall ag gearradh an mhaide seachrānaigh go ro-mhinic ag gearradh nīsa mhō nō nīsa luga nō do dligfeadh. Agus cosmuiltear an drong so leis na drochchōcuiribh dār labuir Gailēan sa dara leabur do Terapentice nach gearrann do rēir na n-alt acht a mbrugha &ersir; a licadh &ersir; a mīniughadh. Agus tuicthear a sin gurub éigin dona leagaib iūl anathomia do bheith acadh. Agus ō do labradhmair d 'anathomia anuas ansa abram anois crēad is anathomia ann do rēir Gydo.

() Anatho[m]ia est recta divitioi.e. divisio. et determinatio membrorum corporis .i. is ead is anathomia ann dealugad &ersir; crīochnugad dīreach ball gach uile chuirp. Agus is uime adeirar anathomia ria ōir is inann anna isan nGrēig &ersir; rectum sa Laidin &ersir; dīreach sa nGaoidhilg &ersir; is inann thomia isin nGrēig &ersir; divitio san Laidin .i. dealugad sa nGaoidhilg ōir dealuigid sin na boill go go dīreach ō chēile. Et bīodh a fhios agad go bfuilid dā mod ō bfaghthur iúl anathomia .i. mod dhībh trī fhoirceadul leabur &ersir; cidh atā an mod sin tarbach nī leōr ē d'innisin [n]a neithi aithcheantar ō chēadfaidh avāin do rēir Gailēin sa chēidleabur De utilitate san ochtmad caibidil dēag. Do rēir Averoes sa chēidleabur do Colliget. Et ní fa adhbhur eile choim(h)righimid anathomia annso nō ar son gurub gēarr &ersir; gurub beag an t-insamhla anso acht d'fhēachain na neith[e] atā annsna forcheadlaibh eile. Modh eile ō bfagthur anathomia .i. ōna dearbad a ccorp mharbh ōir dearbhamaid í isna corpuibh do-gheibh bás go nuadh dā mbeantur a ccinn nō chrochdar. Agus do-gheibhmaid mar sin a[n] neach is lugha de anathomia na mball oiffigeach &ersir; na feola inmeadōn[aigh]e &ersir; na muscuilibh &ersir; an chroicinn &ersir; mōrān do chuislinnaibh &ersir; d'fhēithibh &ersir; go hāirigthi do rēir a mbunuguis. Agus is mur sin do-rinne Mundinus &ersir; do scrībh sē leabur ar an mod sin.

() Agus do dearbhamair í ionnas eile isna corpuibh thirmigthear le grēin nō chnaīthear ar talamh nō leigthur a n-uisgi srotha nō fiuchaig &ersir; do gabhamair mar sin anathomia na gcnām &ersir; na maothān &ersir; na n-alt &ersir; na bfēithe reamur &ersir; na sreang &ersir; na gceangalrach. Agus is trīd an mod so thānic Gaileān a n-iūl anathomia a corpaib na ndaone &ersir; na n-apadh &ersir; na muc &ersir; mōrān d'ainmhentibh eile &ersir; ní trē phictúireacht mur do-rine Henricus. Ō do labhramair go n-uige so d'anathomia an chuirp daonna fēachum anois crēad is corp daonna ann.

() Corpus humanum est unum totum ratione decoratum ex multis et diversis membris et particulis compossitum .i. is ead is corp daonna ann aon-ní uilidi arna maisuigad ō rēsūn &ersir; arna chomhshuidhiughadh ō ballaib &ersir; ō rannaibh iomdha ēxamhla. Agus is ead is ball ann do rēir Gydo adeir na briathra so Membrum est quodam corpus quod omnino non est separatum neque (neque) alteri coniunctum .i. is ead is ball ann (do rēir Avicenna) corp éigin gan bheith dealaithe nō ceangailte go huilidi le chēile. Nō is ead is ball ann do rēir Avicenna corp chruithigthear ō chēadchumusc na leannann. Nō is ead is ball ann rann daigean dlūith a n-ainmidhi arna chomhshuighiugad ō nethib ēaxamhla &ersir; arna thabhart chum oiffige specialta ēigin &ersir; is dona ballaib oiffigeacha amhāin thuicthear an dēanamh so. Agus is ead is ball comchosmhuil ann an ball darub inann coimplex &ersir; nādūir da gach rann chomplexamail de &ersir; dō fēin go huilidi. Dēnamh eile annso ó Arnaldus ar an mball .i. gurub ead is ball ann rann iomlán daigean soshlānaigthi atā gabhthach ar an tslāinte. Agus follamhnuigthior ansa dēnamh so co coitchionn deithfear an bhoill ōna neithibh nādūra eile ōir an tan adearar rann deifrigthear coimplex &ersir; brīg &ersir; oibrigthi ōn mball &ersir; an tan adearar iomshlān deithfrigthior ē ōna dūilib atā ina rannaibh adhburdha don chorp et an uair adūramair daigin deithfrigthior é ōna leannaibh &ersir; ōna spiradaibh. Agus is ime adubairt sogabāltach na slāinti do dhēnamh deithfre eadar é &ersir; in folt &ersir; na hingne.

() Et eadardhealaigthear na boill a ndā mod .i. a mball aonda &ersir; a mball chomhshigthi amail thuigis an liaigh in aonda &ersir; comhshigthi go foirleathan. Et is iad na boill aonda .i. na boill chomhchosmaili nach fhuil sodhealaigthi (a ngnei) a ngēithib eile acht gach rann so-āirigthi dīb ag ranchuidiugad rena uilidheacht do rēir anma &ersir; rēsúin. Agus is ē lín atāid na boill sin .i. a naoi .i. mar a(a)tāid maothāin &ersir; fēithe &ersir; airteiridhi &ersir; brēdīnī &ersir; cea[n]galracha &ersir; sreanga &ersir; croicinn &ersir; fe[o]il &ersir; āirmigthior leo so mēathradh &ersir; finnfadh &ersir; ingne ōir gin go bfuilid sin ina mballaib co dīlis acht ina n-iumarcachaph cidh ead atā tarbhacht &ersir; athnuaideacht ēigin acu amail atā ag na ballaib mar fhuillsigthear sa dara leabur do TegniI.e. the Tekne.. Et gid aduphra[d] gurub ball aonda an t-airteiri teagar ina adaig sin do rēir an dēnmhusa so do-beir Pilaretus ar an airteiri ōir adeir gurub eadh is airteire ann corp cruinn fada arna chruthugad a ccosmhuilis fheadāin chumdaigthior ō dhā inar &ersir; nī hairteire ionar dīph sin leis fēin mās ead nī ball aonda an t-airteire ōir dā madh ead do bu ionann rann de &ersir; ē fēin go huilidi. Adeirim chuige sin gach uile rann coimplexamail do bhall [chomh]chosmhuil cho[m]shuidigthi gurub inann coimplex &ersir; nādūir(e) dhō &ersir; don bhall go huilidhi. Et is ime sin adearar ball comhchosmhuil ris gan ēxamhlacht choimplexa do beith aga randaib. Agus nī ēigin co ccomhaontíonn rann gach boill chomhchosmail do rēir anma risin mball go huilidi mur is follas don airteire. () Et atāid cuid dona ballaib adubhramar ina mballaib fola dearga aca bfuil tāth &ersir; athnuaidhiugad fīr(e) do-gabhthar tré a nginemhuin ō fhuil deirg mar atá feoil &ersir; mēathrad. Et atāid cuid eile ina mballaib sīlnidi ag nach fuil tāth nō athnuaidiugadh fīrīnneach ar a mbunadas do bheith ōn tsīllni amail atāid na cnāumha &ersir; gach ball eile acht boill fhola deirge amāin.

() Et atā cuid dona ballaib so teasaidi fliuchaidi &ersir; cuid eile fuar fliuch &ersir; cuid fuar tirim. Agus ní haburthar aonbhall dona ballaib aonda do bheith teasaidi tirim ōir nī fagthur a ccomprāid na mball aonda go huilidi chum in chrocinn aonbhall aonda is teo &ersir; is tiorma nō an crocionn. Agus nī head amhāin atā an croiccinn ina bhall is measurdha dona rannaibh aonda acht atā ina bhall is measurdha da gach uile shubstaint giontior &ersir; thruailltear do rēir Gailēin sa chēidleabur De complexionibus sa chaibidil dēidhinaigh. Et is iad so na boill aonda adirar do beith teasaidi fliuchaidi .i. fuil dearg go hadhburdha &ersir; tuicthear a[n] spiorad &ersir; an fheoil &ersir; an fhlichideacht nādūrda sa sligidh so mur adeir Averoes sa dara leabur do Colliget. Agus is iad so na boill aonda atā fuar fliuch .i. lionn fionn &ersir; an mēathrad &ersir; an smior. Agus atāid na boill eile ō shin amach fuar tirim do rēir a ccēimigthi mar atāid na cnāumha &ersir; na fēithe &ersir; na cuislionna &ersir; na brēdīnī.

() Labrum dona ballaib comhshuidighthi &ersir; is iad so na boill chomhshuidighthe ōna ballaib aonda adubramar. Agus is ime sin atāid ethomogenia &ersir; is inann ethomogenia &ersir; ní bīs éaxamail inna (a)rannaibh &ersir; fēadur na boill so d'fhagbāil a ngnēithibh eile .i. a m[b]allaibh comhchosmhuile. Agus nī go ngabhann gach rann díph rēsún a uilideachta-san fēin. Agus goirthar boill orgānacha &ersir; (&ersir;) instrumeinteacha dīph ōir atāid ina n-instrumentibh ag an anam mar atāid lāmha &ersir; aigid &ersir; croide &ersir; aē et cetera. Agus atāid cuid dībh so go hoireada &ersir; cuid gan bheith oreada. Is iad na boill oireada .i. craidi &ersir; aē &ersir; inchinn &ersir; uirghe; &ersir; gach uile ball leath amuith dona ballaib sin nī boill oireada iad.

() Et gē atāid na boill orgānacha adubramar arna ccomhshuidigadh ō neithibh iomdha chum gnīomha &ersir; chum fuluing maille cāilidheacht &ersir; le caindigeacht dlistinaig cidh ead atā aonrann aonda comhchosmhuil eattorra ina thosach don gnīmh uilidi. Agus atā cuid eile chum tarbhachta &ersir; at[á] cuid eile arna n-ordughad ionnas go mad fhearrde do-dēntaidi an gnīomh &ersir; atā cuid eile nār fhēada gníomh do dhēnam ina n-éagmuis &ersir; atā cuid eile arna ccruthugadh chum coimhēada na neithe so uile amail is follas ansa chēidleabur De utilitate particularum &ersir; ansna lephra eile ina diaigh ag labuirt dona ballaib eile go huilidi.

() An craidi umorro is cēadbhall dona ballaib orgānta. Atā sē arna chomshuidiugadh ō cheangulrachaib &ersir; ō hsrephannaiph &ersir; ō fheoil chruaidh le n-aburthar caro lacertosa &ersir; is ime sin adearar a bheith tirim &ersir; adearar a bheith teasaidi ō iomad spiorad ōir atā sē amail teallach teinead don chorp. Agus is mar sin argamentigid na leaga an craidi do beith teasaidi tirim cidh ead adeirid na feallsamhuin ar a bheith ina thosach don beathaidh a bheith measurdha nō a[g] dhul a tteasaidheacht &ersir; a bflichideacht. Na haē umorro do-chīthear do rēir a bhfolaid go bhfuilid teasaidi fliuchaidi ōir atā an rann is mō dhīph feolmur folamail &ersir; maille ris [s]in curthar mōrān d'airteiriph chuca. EtS begins at this point. atā an inchinn fuar fliuch cidh atā substaint smioramail aici cidh ead deithfri[d] sī ōn smior ōir is ōn leann re n-aburthar humor cerebrales thosgaidis an smior &ersir; adearar a beith teasaidi do rēir nādūire amail is follas sa dara leabur do Leabraib na n-Ainminti. EtThis sentence is not in L. is ead is humor cerebralis ann do rēir Langfrancuis substaint smioramail choimhlīonas folmaigeacht hsiaillidi na hinchinne &ersir; thimchilligis iad &ersir; adeir Langfrancus go bfēadur rann don tsubstaint so do mhillead a ccneadaibh an chinn &ersir; an duine do thēarnó ōir nī do shubstaint inmeadōnaidhe na hinchinne í. In tselg umorro &ersir; na hāirne is dona ballaib teasaidi fliuchaidi iad cidh atāid na hāirne nīs īsle a ccéim na teasaideachta nā in tsealg &ersir; atā in tselg nís īsle go mór a ccéim na teasaideachta nāid na haē ar son reimhe na feola vīs isin tseilg. Agus adearar gurub lū is fliuch feoil an sgamhāin nā mēathrad ōir an tan theilcthear í ní thsilinn mur do-ní an mēathrad do rēir Gailēin annsan inad adubramar hsuas. Agus adearar an sgamhān do bheith teasaidi ōir is ōn fhuil tsēimh dāiltear chuige ōn chraidi oiltear ē mur adubairt Gailēan sa cheathramad leabur De utilitate. Agus is mar sin is intuici do chomplexaibh na mball eile gurub ē an coimplex ēirghis dona neithiph ō ccomshuidthior iad thiagarnis ionta.

() Tinsgnim an dara caibidil annso d'anathomia an chroicinn. Est autem cutis quooperimentum corporis ex filis nervorum venarum et arteriarum contectam ad defensionem et largisionem sensus creatum .i. is ead is croicinn ann cumhdach an chuirp arna fhighi ō shnāitheadhaibh fēitheadh &ersir; cuislinn &ersir; airteireadh arna chruthugadh chum tidhlicthi &ersir; chum coimēada an mhoithigthi. Agus atāid dā gnē air .i. gnē fholchas na boill fhoirimillacha &ersir; is ris sin adearar cutis .i. croicinn go dīlis &ersir; gnē eli thimchilligis na boill innmeadōnacha &ersir; adearar paniculus ris .i. brēdīn go dīlis &ersir; adearar dela .i. sreabonn na hinchinne ris &ersir; perecraneum adearar risin sreabhonn thimchilligeas in cloigionn &ersir; cnāumha an chuirp ō shin amach. Et adearar pleura re croicinn an easnaig &ersir; siphic re croicinn nō re sicne na bronn &ersir; aderar percardinum risin sreabhoinn thimchilligeas an craidhi &ersir; panicula ris an srebhuinn thimchilligeas na boill inmeadhōnacha ō shin amach uile. Labram anois don mēathradh &ersir; is amhla atā sē amail ola ag tēaghad &ersir; ag fliuchad na mball. Agus atāid dā gnē air .i. gnē dhīph go foirimillach a bfoccas an chroicinn &ersir; is de sin goirthear adeps .i. mēathrad go dīlis &ersir; ā gnē eile de go hinnmeadhōnach a ngaire na bronn &ersir; na n-ārann &ersir; is ris [s]in adearar auxungia .i. blonac go dīlis. Et ina dhiaigh sin atā an fheoil &ersir; atāitt trī gnēthe uirre: feoil glan aenda &ersir; is tearc di sin ann &ersir; ní fagthar í acht amāin a cceann na slaite ferrdha &ersir; eadar na fiacla; an dara gnē re n-aburthar caro glandulosa nō adenosa .i. feoil measōgach mar atā feoil na n-uirghe &ersir; na ccīoch &ersir; na n-inad re n-aburthar emuntoria &ersir; is inann emunctoria &ersir; na hinaid chom a ccuirid na boill uaisle a n-iumurcacha mar atāid na hasgalla &ersir; na gēill &ersir; na locha blén; in treas gnē adearar caro musculosa nō lacertosa ria &ersir; is iomdha sin ann &ersir; do-ghabhthar sin ar fud an chuirp uile i ngach inad a bfuil gluasacht follas toghaidi.

() Et is ē in muscuile orgān an gluasachta follais toghaide do rēir Gailēin De utilitate particularum &ersir; ansan inad a labrann dona gluasachtaí follasa ar fud an leabuir uile. Agus cidh atāid na muscuile ina mballaib aonda do rēir cēadfaidh gidh eadh atāid comhshighthi go fīrīneach ō fhēithibh &ersir; ō cheangalrachaib &ersir; ō fheoil choimhlīneas a villidi &ersir; a srebhannaiph thimchilligeas iad &ersir; is mar sin dob āil le hAvicenna in primo CanonisAvicenna is best known for this principal medical work, translated into Latin under the title Canon Medicinae. Et bīodh a fhios agad gurub ionann musculus &ersir; lacertus acht musculus aga rādh a cosmhuilis an ainmidi re n-aburthar mus .i. luch &ersir; lacertus aga rādha a cosmaileas na nathrach nimhe re n-n-aburthar lacertus; ōir is amhla atāid na hainmidtihainminnti T. so caol fada ann gach ceann dīph &ersir; go hāirigthi do leith na n-iorbull &ersir; atāid reamur ina meadhōn. Agus is mur sin atāid na muscuilī &ersir; na lacerti acht an mhēid atā Henricus d'fhoillsiugad do deithfir attura.

() Nod leat do rēir intinne Gailēin De utilitate particularum go huilidi an tan do comshuigiugadh na musculī mur adubramar go ttigid na sreanga &ersir; na ceangalracha cruinne uadha &ersir; an tan thigid a ngoire na n-alt leathnuigthear iad ina ttimchill &ersir; ceanglaid an t-alt maille ris an mbrēdīn thimchilligis na cnāumha &ersir; gluaisid ē. Agus an tan fhāgmhuidfagaid T. an t-alt cruinnthior arís iad &ersir; do-ní sreang dhīph &ersir; do-nīd muscaile eile maille ris an bfeoil. Agus tēid ceangalracha &ersir; sreanga arís ōn muscuile sin &ersir; leathnuigthear iad timchill an ailt &ersir; ceanglaid an t-alt ina dhiaigh &ersir; gluaisid ē &ersir; nī anaid mar sin go n-uige na rainn fhoirimillacha. Dā rēir sin bīd muscuilī do tsīor reimh an alt &ersir; reimh an mball ghluaisis ē &ersir; is follas so isna lāmaib ōir na féithe dāiltear ō smior smentain an mhuinīl chum na lāmh gabhuid foirm muscuili isin muinēl &ersir; isin chliaph. Agus ina dhiacch sin ag teacht chum alt na gualann cuirid sreanga uatha &ersir; leathnaigthear iad &ersir; tachmagid in t-alt uile &ersir; saithear iad a cnāim mail na gualann &ersir; gluaisid ē. Agus an tan fhāgbhas an t-alt sin &ersir; tēid uadha dā ordhlach nō a trī (&ersir;) cruinnior í &ersir; do-nī sreang arīs di &ersir; do-ní musguile maille risin bhfeoil &ersir; risin cceangalrach do-chuaidh ō cheann chnāumha an tslinein a meadhōn na raigead &ersir; tēid sreang eile uatha &ersir; leathnaighthear leithfhiod trī mēar a ngoire na huillinne &ersir; tachmhuingidh an uille uile &ersir; gluaisidh brachium parvum .i. an rann atā ōn uillinn go n-uige an croph. Agus tar ēis trī n-ordlach eile cruinntear í &ersir; do-nī sreang dhi &ersir; tēid maille risin cceanngulrach thig ōn uillinn &ersir; do-nī muscuile maille feoil ar meadhōn na righeadh bige adubramar &ersir; tēid sreang uadha sin &ersir; leathnuigthior í leithfhiod trī mēar ō cheangal an chruibh re n-aburthar an lāmh bheg &ersir; tachmaigid sí alt na lāimhe sin adubramar go huilidi. Agus cruinnighthear ina dhiaigh sin í &ersir; tēid a muscuile a meadhōn na lāimhe &ersir; tēid sreang uadha chum na mēar dā ngluasacht. Agus is follas asda sin gurub guasachtach na cneada theagmhas leathfhad trī mēar a ngoire dona haltaib ōir bīd sreanga fēitheamhla isna hionadaibh sin go follas maille teirce feola &ersir; tig spasmus ōna ngoin &ersir; tic bás ōn spasmus do rēir Gailēin sa treas leabur do Tegni &ersir; sa cheathramad leabur do Terapentice.

() Et nod leat do rēir ugdurāis Haliabais annsa chēadrann annsa treas comhrād don Teag<ex>as</ex>sg RīoghThe Liber Regalis, or Liber Regius, also known as Pantegni, or Liber totius medicine. go n-eadardeligthear na lacerti ōna muscuilib a cūig modaibh .i. ō chainndeacht &ersir; ō fhidhair &ersir; ō shuidhiugadh &ersir; ō chomhshuidighthi &ersir; ō bhunadas a sreng. Agus is ime sin adeir Gailēan sa seisead leaphar De utilitate go bfuilid ceithre suidhigthi ar na muscuilīmuscailibh T. .i. suidiugad díreach &ersir; suidhiugad tarrsna &ersir; dā shuidiugad chama. Agus is ē līn atāid na musculī .i. cūig chēad &ersir; aonmuscuili dēag &ersir; fiche do rēir Avicenna in primo Canonis.

() Labhrum anois d'anathomia na bfēitheadh. Ōir is ō fhēithiph &ersir; ō cheangulrachaib &ersir; ō fheoil chomhshighthear na muscaile gurub uime sin a haithle anathomia na feola re n-aburthar caro musculosa is laburtha dona fēithibh. Nervus est membrum simplex ad tribuendum musculis et ceteris particulis sensum (sensum) et motum seratum et cetera .i. is ead is fēith ann ball aonda arna cruthugadh do thabhairt gluasachta &ersir; moithigthi dona muscuilibh &ersir; dona rannaibh eile. Agus nod leat go raphadair trī hadbuir asa ttugadh na féithe do rēir Gailēin De utilitate. An cēadadhbur dhīph: do thaphairt moithigthi isna horgānaibh moithigeacha; an dara hadbur: do thabhairt gluasachta a n-orgānaibh an ghluasachta; an treas adbur asa ttugad dona ballaibh eile go huillidi iad d'aithniugad na neithe thursigeas iad. Et is ime sin adubramar na horgāin mhoithigeacha ōir nī curthar fēithi chum na maothān nā chum na gcnāmh nō chum mōrāin d'fheoil measōgaig. Gidh eadh do-chīthear go ccurthar chum na bfiacal iad do rēir Gailēin sa seisead leabur dēag De utilitate particularum.

() Et is ōn inchinn trīthe fēin nō trīt an smior smentin (nō) is seirbhīseach dhi thighaid na fēithi go huilidi nō fhoillsigthear iad. Et atāid cuid dībh thic ōn inchinn éadain do leith na haidchi &ersir; atāid sin mar an rann ō tteaghaid nīsa bhuga &ersir; nīs ullma chum an mothuigthi do thabhairt; &ersir; atāid cuid eile dībh thig ōn inchinn chūil &ersir; ōn smior smeantain thig uaithi &ersir; atāid sin nīs chruaidhe &ersir; nīs ullma chum an gluasachta. Et nod leat do rēir Gailēin in De interioribus go mbī an mothugad &ersir; an gluasacht uair and a n-aonfhēith aváin &ersir; go mbī uair eile a bfēithibh ēxamhla. () Et tuic leat maill[e] ris [s]in go bfuilid seacht gcūpla dona féithibh thic ōn inchinn fēin gā n-inmeadhōn &ersir; a trīocha thic ōn smior smeantain &ersir; aonfhēith gan chompānach ō chnāimh īachturach an droma mar adeir Haliabas.

() Et bīdh a fhios agad gurub do nādūir na bfēithead na ceangalracha &ersir; gurub ōna cnāmhaibh thosgaid. Agus atāid dā mod ina cceangluid .i. drong dhīph ac ceangal na ccnāmh don taobh asticch &ersir; drong eile ag ceangal na n-alt go huilidi don taobh amuigh. () Et is mō atāid na srenga do nādūir na bhfēitheadh nō atāid na ceangalrach[a] ōir mar atāid na ceangalrach[a] ana n-inmeadhōn eadar na fēithibh &ersir; na cnāumha is mar sin atāid na srenga ana n-innmeadhōn idir na ceangalrachaibh &ersir; na fēithebh aga bhfuil m(h)othugad &ersir; gluasachd(a). Agus is ōna mussculiph thosgaidid &ersir; ōna féithiph gabaid mothugad &ersir; gluasacht ō ngluaister na boill. Agus cidh bhīd cruinn amail adubramar ac dul ōna muscuilib leathnuigthior iad ag dul chum na n-alt. Et suidhigthear iad a ttimchill an bhaill ionnas go ttairrgnid na srenga bhīs a leath astigh an bhaill &ersir; go sīnid na sreanga vīs leath amuigh. Gid eadh an uair thairrngis sreng dhīph laccthar an tsreng eile &ersir; is ime sin arna gearradh leath astigh toirmeiscthior filleadh in bhoill &ersir; ōna gearradh leath amuicch toirmeiscthior a shīnead mar adeir Gailēan sa chēidleabur &ersir; sa dara leabur De utilitate.

() Licet venae et arteriae secundum intentionem Galeni et cetera .i. cidh deithfrighid na cuisllionna &ersir; na hairteirī do leith a ttossaighi do rēir intinneLatin 'intentio' is rendered 'intinn' in Irish. However, 'intenio' possesses a wide range of meanings. Here, it is not Galen's mind which is meant, but his concept. For a discussion see my PhD thesis. Gailēin sa seisead leabur dēag De utilitate particularum ōir is ōna haeibh theaghaid na cuisllionna &ersir; is ōn chroide thiaghaid na hairteiri. Cidh deluigthear an chuisle ōn airteiri a n-inaid ēigin mar atā fillead na huillinni do leith na haidchi &ersir; an ball re n-aburthar rete mirabile dā laibeōrum inār ndiaigh cidh ead nī fagthar aonairteiri gan chuislinn &ersir; is beac nach bhfuil comaontugadh &ersir; cosmailis attura a foirimill an chuirp. Agus is follas gurub eadh is cuisli ann inadh na fola oileamhnaidi et is ead is airteiri ann inad na fola spiradālta. Agus an tan thiccid na soigthiph sin ōna ttosaigiph fodhuiltear iad a ndā rannaibh &ersir; tēid rann dīph suas &ersir; rann eile sīos &ersir; gabhluigthear gach rann dīph sin &ersir; treo[r]aidhthior mar sin a gaphlugadh iad go foirimill an chuirp d'oileamhuin &ersir; do beougadh ball an chuirp go huilidhi. Et na cuislionna rannaidi do-beir guasacht an teailgin fola ōna mēid adearar a n-anathomia na mball mór iad.

() Ossa ultima anathomiasanatur quia sunt in profunda corporis .i. is ar na cnāmha do-nīthear anathomia fa deireadh ar a mbeith a ndoimhne in chuirp. Agus is iad rainn is chruaidhe sa chorp uile iad. ()Agus is ē lín atāid do rēir Avicenna .i. ceathracha &ersir; dā chēad. () Agus atā cuid dīph ana mbí smior &ersir; cuid nach bīdh &ersir; cuid dībh dīreach &ersir; cuid eile cam &ersir; is reimhe gach uile chnāimh a ngoire an ailt nā ina mheadhōn.Agus atāid cuid dīph aga(a) bfuilid cinn thēid isna cnámha eile asteach &ersir; atā cuid dīph inna bfuilid cabhāin inna ngabhuid na cinn sin chuga &ersir; atāid cuid eile ag nach fuil aon-nī dhīph sin. ()Agus na cnāma aga mbīd cinn chruinne &ersir; caphāin is iad do-nī alt go dīlis &ersir; is dōibh theagmas dislocatio &ersir; is inann sin &ersir; an t-alt do dhul as a inadh. Na cnāuma eli umorro an tan thiagaid asa n-inadh adearar separatio an tan sin riu.Et is amhla atā in cnāim do rēir Henricuis ina bhall tsīlnidi aenda chomhchosmail ghlan fuar tirim do rēir a choimplexa neamhāiritheach neamhfhillteach do rēir Avicenna. Agus is ē a tharba don chorp .i. a bheith 'na fhundameint dō &ersir; ina iomurchōir dona ballaibh go sunnradhthach.Et atāid dā adhbur fa bhfuil mōrān do chnāmaibh sa chorp &ersir; nach aonchnāimh atā ann. An cēdadbur dīph gurub éigin da gach aonbhall gluasacht do dhēnamh &ersir; dā mad aonchnāibh do bheadh san chorp ní fhēadfadh an gluasachd sin do dhēnamh gan na boill eile do gluasachd. An dara hadbur dībh ō atāid oiffigidi ēxamhla ag an ccorp ionnas gurub éigin ēxamhlacht (do) chnāmh bheith ann ōir nī fēadfaidi oiffigī iomdha do dhēnamh le hēnchnāimh. Mās ead is ēigin ēxamhlacht na g[c]nāmh do bheith ann.

() Labhrum anois dona maothānaibh. Agus do nādūir na gcnāmh iad cidh eadh is buga iad nā na cnāmha &ersir; is ime do-rinneadh iad do choimhlīonad easbada na gcnāmh amail is follas isna fadhbhraidhiph &ersir; a mbarr na srōna &ersir; na ccluas &ersir; go mad fheirrde do ceangoltaighi na cnāmha rena ccomursanaib amail is follas isin ucht &ersir; isin lesrach &ersir; is ime do do cuiredh iad a foirimill na ccnāmh co nach bruidhtaidi iad ōn gluasacht.

() Expedita anathomia simplicium veniendum est ad anathomiam co[m]possitorum .i. ar ccrīochnugadh anathomia na mball aonda tigium chum anathomia na mball ccomhshuidigthi. () Labhrum ar ttūs d'anathomia an chloiginn.

() Agus is ris adearar cloiginn do rēir Avicenna .i. risin rann fhinnfadhach ina cconnmuidhthior na boill ainmidti.

() Et is mō caindigheacht chloiginn an duine nā cainndigheacht chloiginn na n-ainmenti eile is commōr ris ōir is mō inchinn an duine nō na n-ainmenti eile is comōr ris. Agus atā a bhfoirm cruinn a modh spēire ar ndlūthugad go hēadrum da gach taobh.

() Agus is follas go bhfuil a shubstaint (go) cnāmhach brēidīneach smioramail &ersir; atā a choimplex fuar do rēir nuimhreach a rann. Agus is lín do rannaibh atā aige do rēir Avicenna .i. a deich nō a haon dēag .i. cūig rainn chonnmas &ersir; cūig nō sē rainn chonnmaigthear. Agus atā ar ttūs go foirimillach in fionnfadh &ersir; ina dhiagh sin an croicinn &ersir; ainnsein feoil musculosa &ersir; ina dhiagh sin srebhonn reamur &ersir; ainnsein cloigionn. Agus as a haithle sin leath astigh ar ttūs atā an māthair chruaidh &ersir; an māthair bhuidh &ersir; ainsein substaint na hinchinne &ersir; ina dhiaigh sin umorro faoi an inchinn atā in māthair bhuidh &ersir; an māthair chruaidh arīs go dēighinach srephann re n-aburthar rete mirabile .i. lín ingantach. Agus ina dhiaigh sin atā in cnāimh is fonndameint don inchinn &ersir; atāid planndagha d'fhēithibh ag teacht ōn inchinn annsin &ersir; is (ead) laphurtha dhōiph annso do rēir uird. Labrum anois dona srebhannaiph remhra dā ngoirionn Gailēan perecraneum thimchilligis an cloigionn uile. Agus dleagur a fhis go bhfuil sē fēitheach &ersir; gurub ōn māthair chruaidh atā a (m)bhunudhas &ersir; ceanguiltior ē le ceangalrachaibh &ersir; re cuislinnaibh &ersir; re fēithiph thēid asteach &ersir; amach trī fhuaidhelaib an chloiginn re n-aburthar comissure.

() Et as a haithle sin do-geiphthior an cnāimh re n-aburthar craneum .i. an cloiginn. Agus nī ō haonchnāimh chontinōideach atā arna ordugadh acht ō seacht gcnāmaib a ngoire dā chēile innas dā tteagmhadh gortugad a ccnāimh dīph nach beanfad risin ccnāimh eile. Agus cenguiltior na cnāma so re chēile maille fuidhelaiph seairamla indas go bféadfadhdaois deathaigi do dhul ōn inichinn trīthu. In cēadchnāimh do chnāmhaiph an chinn atā sē do leith na haithche &ersir; adearar coronale ris &ersir; atā sē a meadōn na gcnāmh re n-aburthar orbite .i. na cnāmha atā ōs cionn na sūl don leith [t]hiar faoina hairgiph go n-uige an fuidhel roinnis an cloiginn ar tarsna. Agus is ann atāid puill na sūl &ersir; fedāin na srōna ina bhfuil cnāimh arna tholladh a ccosmailis chīrīn circi &ersir; is uadha sin thēid an maothān ruinnis puill na srōna. Gid eadh dleagur a fhios go bhfagthar an cnāimh re n-aburthar coronale delaighthi uair annd maille fuidhel a meadōn an éadain tarsna &ersir; do-geiphthior sin go minic isna mnāib. An dara cnāiph atā sē do leith an chúil &ersir; adearar occipitiale ris &ersir; iadhthar ē le fuidhel thosgaidhis air tharsna a ccosmailis nuimhreach a seacht trē algrisim &ersir; atā sē cruaidh &ersir; poll ina īachtur trīna ttēid an smior smeantain ōn inchinn trī meadōn alt an druma co n-uigi a īachtur. In treas cnāimh &ersir; an ceathramad cnāimh atāid a meadōn an chloigionn da gach taoph &ersir; adearar pairietales riu &ersir; deluigthear iad trī fhuaidhel ar fud an chloiginn &ersir; trīd an dā fhuaidhel adubramar do chnāmaib na ccluas &ersir; atāid ceathair-uillionach. In cūigead &ersir; an seisead cnāimh adearar ossa petrosa .i. cnāmha cairrgeacha riu ar mbeith cruaidh &ersir; adiorar mentosa .i. cnāmha brēagacha riu ōir is co lannamhuil cheanguiltear iad risna cnāmhaibh adubhramar re n-aburthur pairetalis (í) &ersir; is onta sin atāid poill na ccluas &ersir; cīchīnidhi arna pollad sin chum a tticc ní d'iumurcaibh na hinchinne. Agus sīntear iad ōn bfuidhel adubramar do bheith a ccosmailis fiodhrach a seacht re n-aburthar laudaOriginally lambda, so called from its resemblance to the Greek lambda. See Michael R. McVaugh, The Rational Surgery of the Middle Ages, Florence: Sismel/Edizioni del Galluzzo 2006, 73. a n-īarthar an (an) chloiginn &ersir; ar fud na ccnāmh adubramar re n-aburthar parietales go meadhōn chnāmh na ccamōg arach. In seachtmad cnāmh adearar passilare ris &ersir; atā amail cunes nō saolim gurub cran stuaigh ē ag daigniugh &ersir; ac connmhāil na ccnāmh adubhrad uile. Agus is ōs cionn an charbuid uachturaidh atā &ersir; atāid puill iomdha ann chum glanta na n-imurcach reamur &ersir; maille ris sin atā substaint ro-chruaidh aige.

() Gurub amhla sin atāid seacht ccnāmha isin chloiginn &ersir; is mar sin āirmigthar iad a cceannaibh na ndaone marph arna mbruith &ersir; arna ndealugadh a n-uisgi fiuchaig. Agus is mur sin āirmis Gailēan De utilitate iad annsa dara cabidil. Et āirmidh tairis sin dā chnāibh eile re n-aburthar ossa bregmatis thacmuighthior da gach taobh ō dā chnāimh chruaidhe dhaigne &ersir; atā cnāimh do leith an chūil &ersir; cnāimh do leith na haithchi ina suidhigthear cnāmha na ccamōcc arach. ( Dā rēir sin atāid seacht ccnāmha oireada ac connmhāil na hinchinne.

() Gidh ead atāid cnāmha beaca ēigin eile nach oireada ann chum furtachta ēigin do dēnad mar atā an cnāimh roinnis poill na srōna faoi an ccnāibh re n-aburthar coronale &ersir; na cnāmha re n-aburthar ossa pacis .i. cnāmha na sīchāna &ersir; is iad sin cnāmha na haithche &ersir; ní don chloiginn iad &ersir; cnāmha eile re n-aburthar ossa acualia .i. cnāmha a ccosmailis snāthad &ersir; cnāmha re n-aburthar ossa clavialia .i. cnāmha a ccosmailis tairrnge fo chnāimh na ccluas ina suidhigthior &ersir; ina ndaignidhthior muscuilī &ersir; sreanga osluigis in giall. Mās ead is ē a lín cnāmh atā annsa chloiginn uile eadar bheac &ersir; mhōr .i. cūig dēag do rēir Haliabas.

() Laphrum anois d'anathomia rann inmeadōnach an chloiginn. Agus is ē cēidní theagmhas dūinn dībh .i. an māthair chruaidh &ersir; in māthair bhuidh &ersir; is amhla atāid ina ndā shrebhuinn chuislionnacha &ersir; srephann dīph do leith an chloiginn &ersir; an dara srephann do leith na hinchine agā thimchilliugad &ersir; agā fhalach. Et is ōn māthair chruaidh trē fhuighealaibh an chloiginn thosgaidis an brēdīn re n-aburthar pecraneum thimchilligis an cloiginn (cloginn) leath amuith. Et is ōn māthair bhuidh dāiltior oileamuin san inchinn. Agus tigid cuislionna &ersir; airteirī chum na srebann so trē fhuidhelaiph na ccnāmh atā ōs a cionn. Agus ina diaigh sin atā substaint na hinchinne faoina brēdīnī sin &ersir; atā sin bog geal maille fidhair chruinn a n-ēgmuis na ccīchīnī atā aiste &ersir; gā fogail ar fad ōna meadōn go leith na haithchi. Agus dūblaidthior na horgāin moitheacha &ersir; mōrān d'orgānaibh eile ionnas dā ttruailltir orgān dīph go seirvīsidh an t-orgān eile.

() Et atāid trī siallaidi isin cheann &ersir; atā gach siolla dhīph ina dhā chuid nō ina dā rann &ersir; atā gach rann dīph ina orgān brīgi. Annsa chēadrann do tsiolla na hinchinne ēadain follsaigthear sensus cumunis .i. an chēadfaid choitchinn; annsa dara rann suidhthior imaginativa .i. an brīg iontsamhlaigeach; annsa siolla meadōnach suidhthior in brīg smuaintightheach .i. an brīg rēsūnta; annsa siolla īarthurach atā servativa .i. an brīg choimēadach &ersir; memorativa .i. an brīg chuimhneach. Et is ē an siolla atā do leith na haidhche is mō dīph &ersir; is ē an siolla meadōnach is luga &ersir; an siolla īarthurach go hinnmhēadhōnach. Agus atāid sligthi eadar gach dā shiolla dīph so trīna siublaid na spiraid. Et atāid a siallaidi na hinchinne ēadain cīchiní arna bpollad ina suidhthear cēadfaid an bholltana[i]dh. Tosgaidit ōn rann is mō de seacht ccūpla d'fhéithibh moithigeacha théid chum na súl &ersir; chum na ccluas &ersir; chum na tengtha &ersir; chum an gaile &ersir; chum na mball aircheana. () Itim suidhigthior faoina sicnidaiph go hinīarthurach rete mirabile .i. lín ingantach arna fhide ō airteiribh 'na n-aenar thic chuige ōn chraide ina ndéantur sparāin do spiraid nādūra.

() Fēchum go dēighinach mar thēid an smior smentain ōn rann īachturach don inchinn re n-aburthar pingrefadapairngilefada T; paringilefada S. This corrupt form is present in Guy's manuscript. This should be parengefalida (from Greek &pgr;&agr;&rgr;&egr;&ngr;&kgr;&egr;&phgr;&agr;&lgr;í&sfgr;, cerebellum), see McVaugh, Inventarium sive Chirurgia Magna, Commentary, Tractatus I: De Anathomia, p. 31. &ersir; nī tarnocht théid acht arna thimchilliugad ō dā brēdín amail bhīos an inchinn. Agus tēid trī meadōn ailt an druma go n-uige a īachtur &ersir; is uaidhe go hoireada thigid fēithe an ghluasachta mur adubramar leath [t]huas dínn. Agus is cosmhuil ē ris an inchinn ōir do-chīthear gurub rann di é &ersir; is ime atāid a aicīdī mur bhīd aicīdī na hinchinne.

() Et nod leat gach uile gearradh do-nīthior (Et nod leat gach uile gearradh do-nīthior) isin cheann gurub do rēir thosgaidhthi an fhinnfaidh dleagur a dhēnamh ōir is mar sin thiaghaid na muscuilī.

() Particule facsei sunt frons, supersilia, oculi, nares, aures et cetera .i. is iad so rainn na haidhchi mur atā an t-éadan &ersir; na mailge &ersir; na hairge &ersir; na gruaide &ersir; an giall maille risna fiacla. An t-ēadan umorro nī bhfuil ann acht feoil musculosa &ersir; croicinn ōir an cnāimh atā futha sin is don chnāimh re n-aburthar coronale ē &ersir; arduigthear an clār uachturach de &ersir; leathnuigthior a smuais mar do bheadh sē dūblaidhthi &ersir; do-ní foirm na malach annsin. Nod leat na malgi gurub chum maisighthi ar son na sūl do-rinnead iad &ersir; is ime sin atāid arna ccumhdach ō fhinnfad. Et na gearrtha do-nīthior isna rannaibh so is ar fad an chuirp dleagur a ndēnamh &ersir; nī har tarsna ōir is mur sin thēid an musculus gluaisis na malgi.

() Labhrum anois dona sūilib. Agus is iad is instrumeint don radharc &ersir; atāid arna suidhuighad fan ccnāibh re n-aburthar orbite .i. rann eisein do choronale .i. do chnāmha na ccamōg arach. Agus adeir Gailēan gurub ēigin féithe na sūl re n-aburthar nervi obtici do bheith pollta innas go mbeadaois ina sligtib dona spioradaiph &ersir; dona brīgaiph &ersir; dob éigin a mbeith ag teacht do gach leith chum na sūl. Agus tiaghaid a n-aon-inad leith astigh don chloiginn &ersir; deluighthir ainnsein re chéile iad &ersir; téit féith dhīph chum gach sūla díbh ōn leith ō thāncadur ar ttūs &ersir; nī go crossach nō ag dul ōn leith deis chum an leithe clī amail do hsaoileadair daoine ēigin. Et atāid na sūile arna ccomhshiugad ō seacht n-inaraibh &ersir; ō thrī leannaibh nō a ceathair.

() In cēidinar atā leath muith go foirimillach re n-aburthar coniunctiva &ersir; atā sē geal reamur &ersir; timchillid an tsūil uile acht an mhēid is follas don inur re n-aburthar cornea &ersir; is ōn mbrēdīn thimchilligis in cloiginn thosgaidhis. Na hinair eile umorro nī uilid acht a trī go hadburdha ag timchealladh na sūl uile cidh eadh trī ēxamhlacht na ndathann ēxamhlaideas iad a n-inmeadōn na sūl isin bhféith re n-aburthar yridi adearar a sē co cruithigtheach do bheith ann .i. a trī do leith na hinchinne &ersir; a trī don leith amuigh. An cēidinur dīph is ōn māthair chruaidh thosccaidis &ersir; adearar scilyrotida risin chuid leath astigh de &ersir; cornea risin ccuid leath amuith. An dara hinar is ōn māthair bhuid théid &ersir; adearar secundinum risin rann innmeadōnach de &ersir; uvia risin rann vfoirimilleach &ersir; is annsin atā poll an mhic imrisain. An treas inur ōn fhéith re n-aburthar nervus obticus thic &ersir; an chuid leath astigh de adearar retina ris &ersir; an rann foirimillach atā ar muin an leanna cristilinī adearar areanea ris. Agus is mar sin atāid seacht n-inair go cruithigtheach dealgnach isin tsūil &ersir; nī fhuil acht a trī do rēir continōidī adburda.

() Dona leannaib umorro. In cēidlionn dīph adearar cristilinus ris &ersir; atā sē arna shuidiugadh i meadōn na sūl ar dhath in chrisduil &ersir; a bfoirm cloich[e] sneachta vīs &ersir; is ann shuidhthior an radarc go hoireada. Agus ina diaigh sin do leith na hinchinni atā in lionn re n-aburthar uitreus .i. lionn gloinidhe chonnmas &ersir; thachmuingis an lionn crisdillinach don leith aniar. Agus iomluaidillthior iad araon isin brēdín adubramar do theacht ō nervus obiticus. Ina diaigh sin atā do leith na haithche nīs mhō don lionn re n-aburthar albubgenius eadar an mbrēidīn adubramar &ersir; an srebhuinn thic ōn māthair bhuidh. Agus foillsigidh sē an ceathramad lionn do bheith ionnta &ersir; dearbhaid san inad adubramar hsuas sin .i. a bheith a rēgion an mhic imrisain &ersir; is ē a ainm etherum lucidum i. solas aerdha &ersir; ē cubhrach go huilidi.

() Agus is ē sin suidhiugad na sūl inte féin gidh eadh nī lughuidi atāid féithe aga bhfuil gluasacht ag teacht chuice ōn dara cūpla dona fēithibh thic ōn inchinn ēadain &ersir; atāid sē musculi agā gluasacht &ersir; atāid cuislinna &ersir; airteirī aice &ersir; feoil chuasach timchill na ndearcān choimhlīneas na (na) folmaigeachta atā annsin. Agus atāid a ngoire fabhraidi maothānach maille fionnfadh thosgaidis suas. Agus iadhthar an fabra uachtarach le hénmuscuile &ersir; osluicthior ē re dā muscuile tarsna.

() Laphrum anois don tsrōin. Agus atāid rainn fheolmhara &ersir; rainn chnāmacha inte &ersir; rainn mhaothānacha. An rann feolmur atā croicinn aige &ersir; atāid dā muscuili ina fhoirimill. An rann cnāmhach umorro atāid dā chnāimh trī beannacha annsin &ersir; atā a ccorr ōs cinn na srōna &ersir; atāid a mbuin ceanguilte re chēile a meadhōn na srōna ar fad dō thaobh dīph &ersir; don taobh eile leath risna gruaidhiph. An rann maothānach atā sē dūblaidi ōir atā cuid go foirimillach de &ersir; is ē sin do-nī foirimill na srōna &ersir; atā an rann eile leath astigh &ersir; is ē roinnis puill na srōna. Is amlaid umorro atāid puill na srōna 'na ndā fheadān ag dul suas co n-uige na cnāmha re n-aburthar colatoria .i. sīthlāin mur a bhfuil bun na srōna &ersir; is annsin atāid na cīchīnidi ina bhfuil an bolltanad &ersir; tigid go n-uige an carbad uachturach leath hsiar don tsine sidāin. Agus is trīd na feadānaibh sin thairrngeartairrnighthear T; tairrngtear S. ceo deathmur chum na n-inad adubramar innas go ndeachaidh an t-aer amach &ersir; isteach chum an sgamhāin &ersir; chum glanta imurcach na hinchinne.

() Atāid na cluasa go maothānach céimnach arna n-ordugadh chum an éisdeachta ar muin na ccnāmh re n-aburthar ossa petrosa .i. an cnāmh cairrgech. Agus tigid chuca trī phollaib cama na ccnāmh sin porre &ersir; fēithe ōn chūigead chūpla d'fhēithib na hinchinni &ersir; is ionta sin atā an t-ēaisdeacht. Agus atā fona cluasaiph feoil measōgach ina ngaphthar iomurcacha na hinchinne &ersir; tigid cuislinna lāimh risna hinadaibh sin iomchrus rann don adhbur hsīlnidi chum na n-uirghe do rēir Langfrancuis &ersir; dā ngearrthaoi iad miltior an gineamain cidh ead adeir Gailēan a contrārda so amail aithrisis Avicenna mar a labhrann d'fholmugad na cuislionn.

() Agus is iad rainn taoibh na haithche .i. na hairghe &ersir; na gruaide &ersir; na leaicne &ersir; atā feoil musculosa ionta maille cuislinnaiph &ersir; re hairteiribh &ersir; atāid rainn chnāmhacha ionta &ersir; atāit musculī iomdha isna rannaiph sin. Agus atā ar ttūs a seacht dīph ghluaisis na gruaide &ersir; an bēl uachdurach. Do rēir Avicenna is ō longān na brāghad &ersir; ōna rannaiph īachtracha thigid. Ina diaigh sin atāid dā mhusguile dēag gluaisis an giall īachturach &ersir; adearar temporales riu &ersir; atāid ro-uasal ro-mhoithiugach &ersir; is ro-guasachtach a ngortugadh. Agus is ime sin do hordaige ō nādūir go glic an ceangal sin adubramar a ccnāmhaiph na n-arach dā ccoimhēad &ersir; fan cheangul sin atāid na muscuilī &ersir; tigid fēithe ōna muscuilī sin (&ersir;) ōn treas cūpla d'fhēithiph na hinchinne. Agus atāid cuislionna &ersir; airteirī iomdha isna rannaib sin &ersir; go lánmhór faoina hairgiph &ersir; fa fhadhbhraibh na súl &ersir; fan mbéal īachturach &ersir; uachdurach.

() Agus atāid mórān do rannaibh cnāmhacha isna hinadaiph sin. Agus ar ttūs atāid cnāmha na ngruadh &ersir; gin gurub follas dōibh acht dā chnāimh cenguilti fan srōin gid (dh) eadh atāid a ceathair nō a cūig do rēir Gailēin. Agus atāid cnāmha eile isna hairgiph &ersir; isin ghiall īachtrach &ersir; isin rann īachtarach don gruaidh &ersir; atā dealugadh gan bheith follas go huilidi isin chnāimh sin do leith fhoirimill na fēsōige.

() Et as a haithle sin tigim chum rann an bhéil (mur atā an bél) uachtuir &ersir; īachtuir &ersir; an charbaid &ersir; in teangaidh &ersir; uula. Na fiacla umorro is do nādūir na ccnāmh iad cidh adearar mothugadh do bheith ionta do rēir Gailēin; cidh eadh is ar son fēithe ēigin thig ōn treas cūpla d'fhēithib na hinchinne chum a mbunaidh atā sin. Et is ē līn vīd go minic .i. a dhō dēag ar fhichid .i. a sē dēag i ngach giall gidh eadh bī drong ag nach bí acht a fiche hocht .i. a dō re n-aburthar duales &ersir; is iad sin na clāir-fhiacla &ersir; a dō re n-aburthar rupli &ersir; is iad sin na gērāin &ersir; a dō re n-aburthar canini &ersir; a hocht re n-aburthar moralesI.e. molares, another example of metathesis. .i. na cūil-fhiacla &ersir; a dō re n-aburthar (car) casales. Agus atāid a bprēma sāiti sa ghiall &ersir; atā cuid (eile) dhībh aga bhfuil aonphrēmh &ersir; cuid eile aga bfuilid dā phrēimh &ersir; cuid eile aga bhfuilid a trī &ersir; cuid eile aga bhfuilid ceathair.

() Labhrum anois don teangaidh. Agus is ead is teanga ann rann bog feolmur cuasach arna chomhshuidhiugad ō mōrān d'fhēithiph &ersir; do cheangulrachuibh &ersir; do chuislionnaibh &ersir; d'airteiribh arna hordugadh go horeada chum blasachta &ersir; chum laburtha &ersir; chum follamhnuigthi an bhīdh annsa bēl. Agus tigid fēithe ina bhfuil gluasachd &ersir; blasacht chuice ōn cheathramad cūpla &ersir; ōn seisead cūpla d'fhēithibh na hinchinne. Agus atāid naoi muscuile aice thosgaidis ōn chnāimh re n-aburthar sagitale &ersir; ōn chnāimh re n-aburthar ladiforme atā sa chloiginn do leith an chūil. Agus atā feoil mheasōgach fuithe ina bhfuilid dā dhorus trīna ttēid an sile &ersir; atā in fheoil sin arna hordughadh mur chearcuill di &ersir; dā fliuchad. Agus atāid ós cenn na teangtha leath ris an gcarbud uachturach na hinaid re n-aburthar fauces .i. na géill &ersir; amicduile .i. neithe is cosmhuil re halmointe &ersir; uula ag tuitim anúas d'fhollmugadh an aer chum a fhurtachta féin.

() Et an rann uachturach don bhēl uile palatum adhon an carbud goirthir de uile &ersir; atā sē arna fholach maille na rannaiph ō shrreabhuinn thosgaidhis ō inar innmeadōnach an gaile &ersir; meiri.

() Agus is lór a ndubhrad orradh sin.

() Collum principatum vel principalliter ordinatum est propter traciam airteriam .i. is ar son trasia arteria go hoireada do hordaige an muinēl &ersir; co coimhleanmhunach ar son na rann eile thēid trīd suas &ersir; anuas.

() Agus atāid umorro isin muinēl rainn dūbulta: rainn chonnmas &ersir; is iad sin orduigeas an muinēl go dīlios; &ersir; rainn chonnmuighthior &ersir; is iad sin théid trīd an muinēl. Et is iad na rainn chonnmuigthior .i. an trachia airteria adubramar &ersir; isophagus (ysophagus) nō meiri &ersir; epiglotum nō glutor nō gula .i. an sluguidi &ersir; fēithe &ersir; cuislionna &ersir; airteirī &ersir; rann don smior smeantain (&ersir; airteiri). Et adearum an t-anathomia so do rēir uird ag tinnsgairt ō thracia airteria amail bīs dingbāla.

() Agus ar crīchniugad na hanathomia &ersir; ar scoltadh na brāghad nō an muinēil ar fad do leith na haithche budh follas duit ar ttūs tracia airteria atā 'na sligid don aer chum an sgamhāin ag toscughadh uaithi go n-uige an slugaide. Agus atā arna chomhshuidiugad ō mhōrān d'fhāinnighib maethānacha &ersir; iad gan choimhlīnadh do leith meiri arna n-egar &ersir; arna gceangul le brēdīn lāidir éattrum. Et ina diaigh sin ōs cionn na n-alt atā meiri nō ysophagus atā ina tsligidh don bhiadh ag tosccugadh ōn tslugaide ag pollad na sgairte co n-uige an mproinn &ersir; an gaile. Agus atā sē arna chomhshuidiugadh ō dā ionur a bfuilid villi. Agus atā in t-inur innmeadōnach dīph cenguilte re brēdīn an bhēil &ersir; atā in t-inur foirimillach dīph feolmur &ersir; cenguilti re brēdīn an gaile fēin.

() Et atā ōs cionn an dā shligi sin gulla nō gutur nō epiglotum ōir is ar son aon-neithe gabmaid annso iad. Et is amhla atā an rann maethānach arna chruthugadh ionnas go mbeadh sē ina instrumeint don guth &ersir; ina eochar do thrachia airteria a n-aimsir an bhīdh do tslugadh maille tuillead ēigin a ccosmailis mhaide atā sa dara leith de &ersir; atā sin arna chomhshuidiugadh ō thrī maothānaiph. Agus suidhthear fiche muscuili gluaisis ē uile &ersir; gach rann de ag dul suas &ersir; anuas. Et ina diaigh sin tabrum dār n-āire na féithe dūblaidthear chum an gaile &ersir; chum na mball inmeadōnach do thabhuirt moithigthi dhōiph &ersir; iontaide suas a ngoire don brāghaid ar son an ghotha. Et tabhrum dār n-āire na cuislionna &ersir; na hairteirī mōra thēid suas ag gablugad lāimh re longān na brāghad &ersir; trī thaobhaibh an muinīl chum na rann uachdurach &ersir; is ē ainm sin genedegy &ersir; apopletire &ersir; is inann sin &ersir; na corra brāghad &ersir; is ro-guasachtach a ngerradh.

() Agus ina dhiagh sin fēchum anathomia na mball re n-aburthar spondilia &ersir; is inann sin &ersir; in cnāimh orduigis an druim &ersir; poll ina meadōn trīna ttēid an smior smeantain &ersir; puill iona thaobhaibh trīna tteagaid féithe. Agus atā mōrán do chnāmhaiph ina thuilleadh ris thosgaidius suas &ersir; anuas go foirimillach ag dēnamh fiacul an druma. Et is ead is druim ann ní atā a ccosmailios chopa nō charina"velud cepa seu carina" L. don leith thsiar ōn cheann go n-uige an (an) timthearacht arna ordugadh ō altaiph iomdha ēxamhla a ndiaigh a chēile do dhīden in smeara smentain. Agus atāid ceithre rainn mhōra isin druim do rēir Gailēin isin dara leabur dēag &ersir; isin treas leabur dēag De utilitate particularum .i. an muinēl &ersir; slinnen &ersir; na ranga droma &ersir; an rann dā ngoirid daone éigin sacrum os .i. cnāimh coisrica &ersir; adeirid daoine eile amplum os .i. cnāimh leathan ris. Agus atāid seacht n-ailt a gcuid an muinīl de &ersir; atā annsa chuid re n-aburthar mechapretum .i. an slinen dā alt dēag &ersir; a gcuid na reang ndruma &ersir; a gcuid na n-ārann cūig ailt &ersir; ceithre hailt a sacram os. Mās ead as ē līn d'altibh fīrīnnacha atā ann .i. ceithre hailt fichead &ersir; ceithre hailt a s[a]cram os &ersir; trī hailt a gcnāimh na druinne &ersir; nī hailt fhīrīnnecha sin do rēir chosmailis ina seirvīsidtheoirib ōir atāid na trī chēadailt dīph ro-reamhur &ersir; nī bhfuilid cnāmha esda &ersir; nī bhfuilid poill ina ttaobhaibh acht do leith an aidhchi &ersir; atāid ró-mhaothānach &ersir; go hāirigthi in chuid dēighinach dīph &ersir; ī ag caeladh a modh iorbuill. Et is ē suim na n-alt mar sin .i. trīocha.

() Agus mā thēid aonchūpla d'fhéithibh thosgaidhis ōn smior smeantain trī gach alt dīph beid trīocha cūpla d'fhéithiph ag teacht ōn smior smeantain &ersir; aonfhēith gan chompānach thig ōn rann dēighinach di. Agus mā thigid seacht ccūpla ōn inchinn budh ī suim na bfēitheadh .i. ocht gcūpla trīocha. Ina dhiaigh sin atā a ttaobaib ailt an druma adearar ar fad feoil mhusculosa ina luidhe innas go mbeadh ina cearchuill dona fēithibh &ersir; adearar longa ria a gcoitchinne. Agus atā brēdīn maille ris [s]in ann sís ōs cinn an chloiginn &ersir; na cnām ramur eile ag ceangal na n-alt uile. Et atāid seacht n-alt isin muinēl &ersir; téid trīd na pollaib sin seacht gcūpla d'fhéithiph thig ō rann don smior smentain &ersir; tsiuphlasshiublaidheas T; siublaideas S. annsin &ersir; is iad sin do-beir gluasacht dona guailliph &ersir; don rightheach &ersir; do rannaibh eile an chinn &ersir; an muinīl fēin.

() Et foghuilltear feoil an muinīl a ttrī rannaibh. An cēadrann dīph .i. feoil fhada re n-aburthar cervises go dīlios &ersir; ina luide lāimh risna haltaiph mar aduphrudh et feoil musglosa ó ndēntur sreanga gluasis an ceann &ersir; an muinēl &ersir; is ē līn atāid .i. fiche &ersir; feoil eile līneas na hinadaiph folmha atā annsin. Na ceangulracha coitcheanna umurro cheanglas an ceann risinn muinēl &ersir; risna slinenaibh atāid a dhō dhīph ag turnad fona cluasaibh chum lagāin na brāgad. Do leith an druma umorro atāid ceangalraidh is mō nā sin cheanglas ailt an druma isna taobhaiph ag turnamh chum na slinen. Et atāid muscuilidhi (Et atāid muscuilī) ro-mhōra eile (ionn) ionnas go bfuilid na muscuilī &ersir; na sreanga &ersir; na ceanngalraidh timchill an mhuinīl fa gcuairt ag fillead &ersir; ag tōgbháil &ersir; ag iomlaighill in chinn &ersir; an mhuinīl.

() Agus na gearrtha do-nīthior isin muinél is ar fad dleagur a ndēnamh ōir is mar sin atā tosgudha a rann. Et nod lat do rēir Langfrancuis in tan théid alt an druma asa inadh gurub conntaphurtach a thamaltaANicD corrects reading 'a thamalt' ('its image is always dangerous') to 'athamalta' ('it is always injurious and dangerous'). sin do hsīor. Gidh ead is do rēir mhéide nō loighead atā sin. Ōir an cēadalt d'altaiph an muinīl atā sē arna cheangul maille ceangalrachaib ró-anbfanna re cnāmhaiph in chinn &ersir; is ime do ceangladh go ro-lag ē ar son gluasachta minic an chinn. Agus an ceangal atā eadar alt dēighinach an mhuinil &ersir; is ē sin an seachtmad halt &ersir; an cēadalt d'altaiph an easnaigh &ersir; is ē sin an t-ochtmad halt &ersir; atā sē nīs laige nāid na ceangulraidh sin eile ar son gluasachda in muinīl. Agus is usa leis na haltaiph sin dul as a n-inad nā risna haltaip eile. Et is ro-gusachdach an dul asa n-inadh. Ōir mad ē an ceangal uachturach dhíph scaoiltior marbha[i]dh an duine go hobunn ar son go ttoirmisgīonn an t-alt arna dhlūthugadh chum na mball inmeadhōnach an anāl atā éigintach don bheatha &ersir; mad ē an ceangal eadar an seachtmad halt &ersir; an ochtmad halt sgailtear dūntar sligidh an bhīdh &ersir; toirmisgthior sligidh na hanāla. Et dā sgaoltar aonalt on ochtmad alt sīs ina ttaphurthar mothugadh &ersir; gluasachd trīd na fēithiph thig ōn smior smentain (&ersir;) miltear an mothugadh &ersir; an gluasachd do hsīor. Et dā ndeachaidh aonalt ōn ochtmad alt sīos asa inad asteach go huilidhi nī leasaighthior nó go marbann &ersir; dā mbruidh[th]e an smior smentain go huilidi milltear mothugadh &ersir; gluasacht na mball īachturach.

() Sequitur de anathomia spatulae .i. fēachum anois d'anathomia an tslinein.

() Dleagur a fhios ar ttūs na muscuilī &ersir; na sreangaid gluaisis an rightheach gurub ar muin an tslinein gabhuid ag turnamh ōn muinēl &ersir; ō rannaiph uachduracha an chlēliph &ersir; daignighthior iad ag timchilliugadh &ersir; ag tachmhungadh alt na gualunn. Agus dāilter féith ó smior smentain an mhuinīl chuice &ersir; gabhlaighthior cuislionna &ersir; airteirī anīos chuici.

() Et dleagur a fhios go bfuilid dā chnāimh aice. In cēadcnāimh dhīph .i. an slinen fēin do leith an druma. In dara cnāimh dīph .i. cnāimh lagāin na brāghad re n-aburthar in simligán do leith an ochta. Agus cosmhuiltear cnāimh an tslinein re sluasaid ar a bheith leathan tana do leith an druma maille sliseoig thana ag ēirghe as a lár &ersir; atā fad ēigin &ersir; cruinne ann do leith an ailt a modh mhaide sgine &ersir; atā atharrach trí ccumadh ar an cceann sin de. In chēadchuma dhīph .i. plāta nō poll ar lār an chinn sin ina ttéi(i)d maol na gualunn. In dara cuma atā crum gēar ós cionn an phuill sin a ccosmhuilis ghuib an fhiaigh. An treas cuma atā don leith muigh don tslinnen nīs chruime inā sin a ccosmailis ancaire luinge. Agus atā cnāiph lagāin na brāghad cruinn &ersir; daignighthear é a rannaibh uachturacha cnāmha an ochta. Agus atāid dā bheangán as &ersir; tēid beangān dībh chum gach gualunn &ersir; ceanglaidh &ersir; daignid an dā rann sin atā a ccosmailis in ancaire &ersir; guib an fhiaigh innas go mad fheirrde do coinneochadh &ersir; go mad daignidi in cabān atā attira ceann an mhaoil adubramar. Agus nī cnāmha eile na rainn sin acht rain shubstainteacha in tslinein féin mar adeir Gailēan &ersir; Lanfrancus &ersir; is follas do rēir dearphtha é. () Agus atāid trī coimhcheangail maille ris sin aige théid ō cheann na gualann chum an maoil &ersir; ceangailtear iad re chēile fa ccuairt re sreangaiph mōra thosgaidhis ōna musculibh thig ōn chliaph &ersir; ōn tslinen. Agus daignigthior annsa maoil gluaisis iad &ersir; cuid dīph ag gluasachd suas &ersir; cuid ag gluasachd sīos &ersir; cuid eile dhīph ag iompōgh fa ccuairt. Agus an t-inadh atā faoi an alt sin is de goirthear subasella .i. an asgall &ersir; atā sin arna līnadh d'fheoil measōgaig &ersir; is annsin curthar imurcacha an chroidhe.

() Consequenter dicendum est de brachio .i. is laburtha anois don lāimh go huilidhi roinnis Gailēan De utilitate a ttrī rannaibh mōra. In cēadrann dīph re n-aburthar ulna .i. an righ; an dara rann .i. brachium parvum .i. an righ bheag ōn uillinn go n-uige an croph; an treas rann dā ngoirther atrocita &ersir; is ris adearar an lāmh bheag re n-aburthar an croph. Agus atā dā rann isin lāimh dār labhramair mar atā croicinn &ersir; feoil.

() Agus labhram a n-aonfheacht dona hairteiribh &ersir; dona cuisllionnaiph do-geibhthur go follas isna lāmhaibh. Agus an tan theagaid siad a[g] gabhlughadh ōna ttosaighiph chum na n-asgall gabhluigthear ansin arís iad a ndā rannaiph &ersir; tēid rann dīph leath amuigh don lāimh &ersir; rann eile leath astigh. Agus an rann thēid don leith amach gabhluigthear a gcéadoirNote this has not been expanded to -ōir? é &ersir; tēid gēg suas ōs ceann an tslinnein dīph chum an chincinn T, S. &ersir; an gēg théaid sís gabhluigthear arīs í a ndā rannaiph. Agus rointear gēg dhīph ar fud na lāimhe sīos don leith amuigh a rannaiph iomdha &ersir; is ris an ngēig sin adearar funis brachiae .i. tēad na lāimhe &ersir; gabhaid an gēg eile ar uachdur na lāimhe do leith na haidhchi &ersir; foillsigthear í a bhfillead na huillinni nō na lāimhe &ersir; is di goirthear cephalicasefalica T, S. .i. cuisle an chinn annsin &ersir; gabaid sīs ōn inadh sin chum an chruiph &ersir; do-chīthear go follas ī eadar an ordóg &ersir; an corrmhēr. Agus adearar cephalica ocularis ris an ccuisllinn annsin. Agus an gēg eile do roinnedh annsna hasgallaibh gabas don leith asteach don lāimh foillsigthear a filleadh na lāimhe &ersir; is ria adearar basilica .i. cuisle na n-aē. Agus gabaid as sin chum an chruiph &ersir; is ī do-chīthear go follas eadar an tānuiste &ersir; an mēar beac &ersir; is di goirthior salvatella annsin. Agus gabhlaighthior gēg choitchinn an dā chuisllinn adubramar ag teacht dōiph ōn gualuinn &ersir; do-chīthear go follas eadar an dā chuislinn sin a bfillead na huillinni tumall ēigin ōs a chinn"tumall ēigin ōs a chinn" omitted T, S L. &ersir; is ria adearar mediana nō cordialis .i. cuisle inmeadhōnach nō cuisle an chraide dā ngoirthear a ccoitchinne cuisle na righe. EtThis sentence is not in L. nod leat do rēir Lancfrancuis go bhfuilid trī cuisllinna ann gach lāimh fēatur do leigin a cūig inadaibh ōir leigthear cuisli an chinn a ndā inad .i. a filleadh na huillinne tamall éigin ōs a chinn &ersir; is éigin duid na muscuilī do sheachnadh ainnsein co nach taidhle ē ōir is ro-fhogas (ōir is ro-fhogas) don inad sin ē. Agus leagar an chuisle chēanna eadar an ordōg &ersir; an corrmēar tamull ōs cinn an inaid a gceanguiltear re chēile iad. Agus leigthear cuisli na n-aē a ndā inad mur an gcēanna. In cēidinadh dīph .i. a filleadh na huillinne go hīachturach &ersir; atā sin ar muin airteiri mōir nō atā sē go ro-fhogas di annsin &ersir; dleagur a sheachnadh maille friochnamh ro-mhōr. Agus leigthior an chuisle chēanna eadar an mēar mbeag &ersir; an tānaisde ōs cionn chléithe na lāimhe. Et is ōn dā muscuile sin nō ōn dā chuislinn chōirighthear cuisle inmeadōnach na lāimhe re n-aburthar cuisli na rideadh &ersir; leigthear í mar an cēanna do leith na haichthe a bfillead na lāimhe &ersir; dleagur a sheachnadh go mór ann co nach ttadhailtidh fēith dona fēithiph atā ina ttimchill. () Et atāid a ceathair nō a cūig do chuislionna reamra isin lāimh &ersir; a n-uirdúil sin d'airteiriph &ersir; is guasachtach a ngearradh ar son mhēid a tteilgin fola. Agus atāid gēga iomdha eile ann nach ēigin dona cneadaighi do chur a mbrīg trēna loigeadh.

() De nervus .i. dona fēthiph. Adearar go ttigid ceithre fēithe follasa ōn smior smentain trī alltaibh an mhuinīl chum gach lāimhe fo leith .i. féith do leith an druma &ersir; fēith eile do leith na haidhche &ersir; féith eile ōs cionn na lāimhe &ersir; féith eile fuithe. Agus is iad sin arna bhfoghail go huilidi do-beir gluasacht &ersir; mothugh dona lāmhaib uile trīthu fēin ac dul a ndoimhne an chuirp nō arna ccummusc le muscuilibh &ersir; re sreangaiph &ersir; re ceangulracha. Agus is ōna fēithibh sin do-nīthior na muscuilī &ersir; ō fheoil &ersir; ō brēdīnī .i. ceithre muscuilī mōra oireada atā isin ridh gluaisis brachium parvum .i. an rann atā ōn uillinn go n-uige an croph &ersir; a ceathair eile gluaisis manus parva .i. clithán na lāimhe &ersir; a cūig a manus parva ghluaisios na mēir. Agus foillsigthear a srenga ō fhēith amail adubramar thuas &ersir; nochtur iad ō fheoil leithfhid trī mēar lāimh ris an alt &ersir; dā ngearrthaoi iad do budh mór an ghuasachd.

() Agus atāid ccangalracha iomdha isin lāimh thosgaidhis ōna cnāmha &ersir; tiaghaid trēsna haltaibh &ersir; connmaid ceanngailti iad maille risna srengaiph arna leathnugadh &ersir; is guasachtach a ngearradh.

() Ultimo de ossibus .i. laphrum fa deire do chnāmaib na lāimhe do rēir na fodhla adubramar. Et an cēadrann adubramar dhi re n-aburthar vullna nó artorium .i. an righ atā maille haonchnāimh smioramail &ersir; ē cruinn do gach leith. Agus tēid an rann cruinn uachturach de atā 'na aonur a logān buna in tslinnein &ersir; do-ní alt na gualunn. Agus atā an rann īachturach de dūblaidhi &ersir; atā cēim ina lār mur leith roth ar a (ar a) siubhlann sreng le ttairngthior uisgi. Agus atā cnapān beac air don leith astigh &ersir; atā cabān don leith amuigh ann ina ngabhthar aditamentum beatum .i. ceann an chnāmha is mō do chnāmhaiph brachium parvum &ersir; is ē sin corrán na huillinni a n-aimsir shīnti na lāimhe ionnas go ttigid na cinn chruinne a ccabhāin na gcnāmh re n-aburthar focilia .i. cnāmha brachium parum &ersir; (is) imluaighilltear iad a n-aimsir shīnti agus fhillti na lāimhe &ersir; do-nīd alt na huillinni. Agus is mar sin thinnscneas brachium parvum .i. an dara rann don lāimh ina bfuilid dā chnāiph re n-aburthar focilia. Agus atā an cnāimh is mō dhīph go hīa(i)chturach nīs fhaide nōrecte nā. an cnāimh eile ar son aditamentum beatum .i. corrān na huillinni adubramar &ersir; téid chum an mēir bhig &ersir; do-nī cnapān cruinn ann amach a mod moidhuirnn. In cnāimh is lugh umorro atā sē go huachdurach &ersir; téid ō fhilleadh na huillinni go n-uigi an croph do leith na hordōige amail budh āil leis nī do-chur ina cheann. Et atāid i ngach ceann dīph sin cabhāin gabhas cinn chnāmhann chuca. Ōir gabhuidh do leith na huillinni cinn ch[ē]imnneacha a ccnāmhaiph na righead ag aditamentum beatum .i. corrán na huillinni &ersir; gabaid do leith an (chuirp) chruiph cinn chnāmhann manus parva .i. clithān na lāimhe. Agus atāid an dā chnāimh sin nīs reimhe &ersir; iad ceanguilte re chēile isin alt &ersir; atāid ina lār nīs chaoile &ersir; nīs fhaide ō chéile indas go ccongbadaoisgo connmadaidheas T. féithe &ersir; muscuile (meadōna).

() Agus mur a theagmaid an dā chnāimh so do chnāmaib cléithe na lāimhe &ersir; do-nīd alt &ersir; tinnscnaid annsin manus parva ina bfuilid trī hacies chnāmhann &ersir; ceannguiltear a ranna īachturacha maille rena cceannaiph re cabānaiph na rann uachturach. Ansa chēadhacies dīph atāid trī cnāmha ōir atā ceann dīph focilis amail do beith ar a mhuin a[g] conngbāil inaid éanchnāma. Ansa dara hacies atāid ceithre cnāmha &ersir; atā annsa chnāimh uachdurach dīph so lagān beac ina ndaignithior an cēadchnāimh do chnāmha na hórdōige &ersir; is geārr cnāmha an dara hacies so. An[sa] treas hacies atāid ceithre cnāmha nīs fhaide nāid na cnāmha sin eile. In cēadrann don dara hacies adearar racheta nō corpus ris. In dara rann adearar pecten nō mechacarpus ris. Agus as a haithle sin tigid na mēir &ersir; atāid trí cnāmha ann gach mēar &ersir; atāid na mēir fēin a cūig. Más ead atā cūig cnāmha dēag isna mēaraiph &ersir; a cūig a cclēith na lāimhe &ersir; a dō a mbrachium parvum &ersir; a haon isan righ. Agus is mar sin atāid naoi cnāmha fichead isin lāimh uile.

() Agus na gearrtha do-nīthior ionnta sin is ar fad dleagur a ndēnam. Agus eadar na haltaiph so is ē alt na huillinne is deacra do chur as inad &ersir; do threoradh ina inad dhīph &ersir; is ē alt na gualunn is usa &ersir; atā alt an chruiph go hinmeadōnach. Et dligid a fhios do bheith agad a bparilís na lāmh gurub re haltaiph an muinīl dleagur na leigis do chur ōir is uatha sin dāiltear féithe chucu.

() Pectus sive thorax est arca membrorum spiritualium .i. is ē an cliaph cōfra na mball spiradālta &ersir; is imi sin atāid rainn chonmas [&ersir;] rainn chonnmuithior ann. Na rainn chonnmuithior atāid a hocht .i. sgamán &ersir; brédínī &ersir; ceangalracha &ersir; féithe &ersir; cuislionna &ersir; airteirī &ersir; meireadh nō ysophagus. Na rainn chonnmhas atāid [a] ceathair .i. croicinn &ersir; feoil mhusculosa &ersir; cīchi &ersir; cnāmha.

() Et is follas go leór leath thuas dīn crēd is croicinn &ersir; is feoil ann. Et is laburtha dona cīchiph ō tāid ar muin na feola &ersir; adearmaoid go bfuilid comhshighthi ō fheoil ghil measōgaig chuasaidh &ersir; ō chuislionnaibh &ersir; ō airteiriph &ersir; ō fhéithiph &ersir; is ime sin atā coimhcheangal aca risin croidhi &ersir; risna haeiph &ersir; ris an inchinn &ersir; re ballaib na geineamhna. De musculis .i. dona muscuilīmusgailibh T. labrum dōiph go cumair. Agus atāid ochtmhoghad nō nōchad musculido muscailibh T. sa chliaph do rēir Avicenna &ersir; atāid drong dīph go comhchoitchinn don mhuinēl &ersir; drong eile dona guaillib &ersir; dona slinnenaiph &ersir; drong eile don sgairt &ersir; drong eile ag an chliaph go dīolios &ersir; drong eile ag an asnach &ersir; drung eile ag an druim.

() Agus atāid cnāmha an chlēiph tribulta. Ōir atāid seacht ccnāma do leith na haiche re n-aburthar ossa thoracis .i. cnāmha na ttorrtha &ersir; atāid ro-maothānach. Agus is ar an chēadchnāimh dīph sin do leith na brāghad gabthar isin lag atā ann a ccois an chnāmha re n-aburthar furcula .i. cnāimh lagāin na brāghad dār laphramair thuas. Agus atā futha sin san inad re n-aburthar forsilla lāimh re bēl an ghaile aditamentum maothānach re n-aburthar ensiforme ar a bheith cosmail re dēis cleimhecloidhimh T.. Agus atāid dā alt dēag do leith an druma trīna ttēid an smior smentain ō ttigid dā chūpla dēag d'fhéithiph do-beir gluasachd &ersir; mothuigthi dona muscuilī adubramar. Do leith na ttaobh umorro atāid ann gach taobh dā easna dēag .i. a seacht fīrīnneach &ersir; a cūig brēgach ōir ní bfuilid iomshlán mar atā an t-asnach eile amail is follas don tí fhēachas iad. Agus is lór sin dona rannaiph connmhas.

() De partibus contentis .i. dona rannaibh connmuigthior. Mād āil anathomia do dēnamh go maith is ēigin duit an cliaph do gearradh ar a thaobhaibh &ersir; cuir uait leath na haidche go hinnill ar son an baill re n-aburthar mediastinum .i. ceangal atā eadar an croide agus an sgamhān &ersir; bu fhollas duit na baill innmeadōnacha. Agus is ē cēadball is oireada dīb .i. an craide is tosach don beat(t)ha &ersir; is ime sin atā sē arna shuidhiugadh amail rí &ersir; tiagarna a meadhōn an chlēib gan bheith a[g] claona chum taoibh seach a chēile do rēir Gailēin in sexto De utilitate. Agus is amla tuicthear so gurub ē a meadōn an chroide atā ar an suidhiugad so ōir do-chīthior go ndéin an rann uachturach de beacān claonta chum na leithe soisgēla ar son inaidh na n-aē &ersir; co ndēin an rann īachturach de claona chum an leithe deis ionnas go ttugad inadh dona hairteiribh. Is amhla atā foirm an chraide a mod pēire arna iompōd ōir is chum rann īachturach an chuirp thosgaidhis corr an chraide &ersir; a leathan .i. a phrēmh chum na rann uachturach. Substaint an chraide umorro atā sī cruaidh amail lacerti &ersir; atāid dā hsinistear ann .i. deas &ersir; soisgēal &ersir; atā cabān ina lār mur adeir Gailēan &ersir; is inntiph sin dīleagthur an fhuil reamhur oileamhnach thicc ōna haeiph &ersir; do-nīthear sēimh spiradālta ī. Agus dāiltear ī trīd na hairteiriph chum an chuirp go huilidi &ersir; ar ttūs chum na mball oireada .i. chum na hinchinne ina ngabhann nādūr eile ōna dīleagad innas go ndēntar fuil dearg ainmidhe di &ersir; chum na n-uirge &ersir; chum na n-aē &ersir; do-nīthear fuil dearg nādūrda dhi (nō bhall) &ersir; chum na mball eile go huilidi dā mbeogadh &ersir; dā n-ollmugad ōir atā sē ina instrumeint do brīgaiph an chuirp go huilidi &ersir; ina chuiphreach chomhlán don anam.

() Agus is ime sin atāid dā doras ann. Agus is trīd an doras ndeas théid gēg do chuislinn thoscaidis &ersir; beiris le[is]le T. ōna haeibh fuil deirg chuici. Agus tēid ōn ngēig chēanna sin rann di re n-aburthar vena airterialis d'oileamhuin an sgamhāin &ersir; gabhluighthior an fuidhel sin a ngēgaibh iomdha chum na mball foirimilleach amail adubramar leath thuas dīnn. Et tosgaidid ōn doras hsoiscēala cuisle ina bfuil bualad &ersir; tēid rann di re n-aburthar airteria venalis chum an sgamhāin &ersir; beiris l[e]isle T. deithigi truailligthi ōn sgamhān &ersir; treoraidi aer chum an chraide dā innfhuarad. Et atāid ar an dā doras so trī brēdīnī osglas &ersir; iadhas ar fhuil deirg &ersir; ar an spiraid a n-aimsir iomchubaidh. Et atāid ana foguis sin dā chuislinn nō dā chluaisín trīna ttēid an t-aer arna ullmugadh ōn sgamhān amach &ersir; asteach. Agus do-geiphthior cnāimh maothānach ann dhaignidisdainngnigeas T. &ersir; chalmuidis é. Agus timchilligthear an craidi ō chapsuil lāidir brēdīní dā ngoirinn Gailēan pecardinum chum a ttigid féithe mar thigid chum na mball innmeadōnach eile. Agus ceanguiltear &ersir; imfhuilingthear &ersir; daingnithior in craidi risin sgamhán trīd an mball re n-aburthar mediastinum. Agus is follas asda sin go bhfuil coimhcheangul aige risna huile bhall &ersir; is follas go bfuil an mhēid sin aige do dhidnitido digniti aigi T. ionnas nach fuilgīonn eslāinti re haimsir fhada.

() Agus suidigthior an sgamhān ar mhuin an chraidi dā fhinnfhuarad. Agus atā a substaint bhuig thanaigh chuasaigh ina n-eagurthar trī chinil soightheach .i. géag na cuislinni re n-aburthar vena arterialis thig ō shinistear deis an chroidhe amail adubhramar &ersir; gēg an airtere re n-apurthar airteria venalis thig ō shinistear thsoisgéil an chroidhe &ersir; gēg eile maille ris so ō thrasia airteria do-beir aer chuige ar son an chraidi. Agus fodhuiltear na soithchi so ar fud an sgamháin go ndēntar rainn rópheaga dhīph. Et atāid cūig eitti ag an sgamān .i. a dhō don leith chlí &ersir; a trī don leith deis. Et leath hsiar don sgamhān lāmh risin cūigmead hailt don druim théid meiri nō ysophagus dār laphramair leath hsuas dīnn. Agus téid in chuisle re n-aburthar vena concava dā laibheōrum leath hsīs dīnn isin slig chēanna &ersir; tēid adhbur na cuislinne re n-aburthar aborti thoiscidis ōn chraidi. Agus tigid araon trīd an sgairt. Agus do-nīd so uile maille tracia airteria aon-nī arna līnadh ō brēdīnībreidinibh T. &ersir; ō cheangalrachaiph lāidre &ersir; ō fheoil mhesōgaigh go n-uige an mbrāghaid.

() Agus as a haithle sin atāt isin chliaph trī brédínī. In cēidbrēdín dīph is ē dhīdinis in t-easnach uile leath astigh. An dara brēdín is ē roinneas an leath deas &ersir; clí. In tres brēdín re naburthar diafragma .i. an scairt clēib et is ē roinnes na boill spiradālta uile ōna ballaib oileamhnacha. Agus atāid arna ccomhshuidiughadh ó (pheu) phleura .i. an brēdīn dīdnes an t-asnach &ersir; ō shiphac &ersir; ō hsichne inmeadōnach do hsicnnidaiph na bronnd &ersir; ō brēdīní srengamhla arna cruthugad ō fhéithiph arna ndāil chuige ō altaib an druma &ersir; ō rannaiph feolmura &ersir; go hāirthi a ngaire in asnaig. Agus is follas asda sin go bfuil an rann sin ina muscuili &ersir; is ē a brīg furtacht do thabhairt chum na hanāla &ersir; chum innarbtha na n-iumurcach amail adeir Gailēan.

() Uenter equivocatur ad duo .i. gabhthar an brū in dā chēill. An chēadchiall dīoph gabhthur í ar son anT; a G. neithi dā ngoirionn mīniugadh na teangtha Airaipchi ad stomachus &ersir; adearar a mīniugadh na teanctha Grēighidhi stomachus re meiry nō re hysophagus a mīniughadh na teangtha Arapchi umorro adearar stomachus ris an mbroinn. An dara mod a ngabhthar í ar son rēgionThe o is long in eDIL. na mball oileamhnach uile &ersir; is mur sin gabhthar annso í.

() Et iarrum ina timchill sin ac lean Mhuindinnus na naoi neithe tsirtar isna ballaib eile. Agus ar ttūs dā suidiugad forleathan uilidi &ersir; do-chīthior go bfuil sī fa rēgion na mball spiradālta. Annsein dā suidhadh rainidi &ersir; do-chīothir go bhfuil an rann uachdurach dhi dār goireadur na seandaone pars precordialis lāimh re maothānaiph an chlēib san inad re n-aburthar forcella. In rann re n-aburthar pars stomacalis atā sē ō shin go leithfhiod trī mēar ōn imlinn et atā an rann re n-aburthar pars semanialisFor 'pars semanialis' T has 'pars umbilicalis no sumenalus'. ōn imlind sīs &ersir; atāid ypocundria faoi an asnach ar gach taoph ylia umorro .i. na ranga druma atāid ōs cinn an leasraigh.

() Agus nī fēatur nuimeir rann na bronn d'fhaicsin go maith muna hosluicthior an brugh ōs a cionn ar fad &ersir; ar leathfhad. Agus arna hoscuilt mar sin fhēachthar na rainn chonnmas &ersir; na rainn chonnmaigthior innte. Agus is iad na rainn chonnmhas do leith na haichi .i. mirach &ersir; syphag &ersir; do leith an druma cūig ailt na n-ārann &ersir; in fheoil atā futha. Merach umorro comhshuighthior ē go fīrīnneach ō cheithre rannaiph .i. ō chroicionn ō mhéithrad et ō brēidīn fheolmur &ersir; ō mhuscuilib ō thoscaidid na sreanga. Syphag (Siphac) umorro nī nī eile é acht brēidīn a doras leath astigh do myrac. Agus is follas a sin deithfir eadar myrac &ersir; siphac.

() Na rainn chonnmaigthior atāid a seacht. Agus atāid ar ttūs sirbus &ersir; annnsein na hinne &ersir; ina diaigh sin an gaile &ersir; na haē &ersir; an tsealg &ersir; mesenterium &ersir; na hāirne ōir laibheōramaid don lēs &ersir; don maclog a n-anathomia an lesraig &ersir; is lenta dhōiph do rēir uird. Agus is follas an médrad &ersir; an brēdín feolmur adubramar da gach aonduine. Et is uime sin do cruithiugad na muscuilī isin mbroinn .i. calmuigid &ersir; furtachtaid na boill eile d'innarbad na n-iumurcach. Agus atāid a nuimhir a hocht do rēir Gailēin in 4º De utilitate .i. a dō dhīph thosgis ar fad ō druim an gaile go cnāimh na fordruinni &ersir; a dō ar leathfhad dosgaidis ōn druim ar muin na brund &ersir; eguraidhit iad féin trī lār na brond chum na cclūidinn ndīreach atā da gach taobh et a ceathair eile ar tarsna &ersir; tic a dō dīph a asnach an taoph deis &ersir; tigid chum an leatha clí do chnāmhanna an lesraig agus an fhordruinn &ersir; tigid an dā mhuscuilī ōn asnach shoiscél et tigid chum leithe deisi na ccnāmhann adubramar ag dēnumh croisi dīph fēin trī lār na bronn a modh na litri sin a Q. Agus ar tōgbāil &ersir; ar ngearradh na muscuilī so is follas syphac re n-aburthar peretonium do rēir Gailēin. Is imi sin adearar peritonia ris ōir is inann peri &ersir; circum &ersir; is inann circum &ersir; timchill &ersir; is inann tendo &ersir; sīneadh ōir sīn(e)[id] sē timchill na brond. Agus is amlaid atā sē ina brēdīn shēimh fhēithach chruaidh innas go ttoirmisccind nach cumhgid na muscuilī ar na ballaib nādūrda &ersir; go bhfēadfad a leathnugadh &ersir; a chomgadh do rēir nādūire na mball eile &ersir; nach bristī go hurasa innas go ndeachaidh a mbeith astig de amach amail theagmas do lucht ernia. Agus atā sē arna ordugadh do cheangal na n-indi risin druim.

() Agus is mar sin is follas suidiugadh na rann chonnmhas an brū.

() Ar bhfēachain na neithe so tigim chum na rann chonnmaigthior leath astigh don bruin mar (mar) a tteagmhann sirbus ar ttūs re n-aburthar omentum nō epipoltum. Agus is uime adearar epipoltum ris ōir is inann epi &ersir; supra is inan supra &ersir; go huachturach &ersir; is inann poltum &ersir; emimire &ersir; is inann emimire &ersir; foillsiugad nō éirghe ōir is follas ē ar muin na mball inmeadōnach. Agus atā sē 'na brēdīn thimchilleas &ersir; fholchas an gaile &ersir; na hinni arna ccomhshiughadh ō dhā inar dhlūithe tséimhe arna n-eagur re chēile ō airteiribh &ersir; ō chuislinnaibh iomdha ō mōrān mēathraidh arna ordugadh do thēgadh na mball adubramar. Agus atā a bhunadas ō rann siphac do leith an druma &ersir; is follas a sin an tan thig rann de amach isna cneadaiph gurub urasa a claochodUsually expanded claochlōd. trīna mhéithe. Agus is ime sin nach dleagur a gearradh acht a cheanguil ar eagla emorroirda .i. teilgin fola ro-mhór nō iomurcach.

() Et as a haithle sin laphrum dona hinniph ōir toirmeasgaid anathomia na mball eile. Agus is amhlaidh atāid na hinne ina soithigibh arna ndēnamh ō dhā inar d'fhoirfiugadh an chēid-dīleagtha do sgagadh &ersir; do thabhuirt hsioluis dona haeibh trīd na cuislinnaiph re n-aburthar vena miseratio &ersir; arna n-ordugadh d'innarbad na n-iumurcach ndeasgmail. Nuimir na n-innidh atāid a sē dhībh cidh atāid uile continōideach atāid foirmeanna &ersir; ofigī ēxamhla aca ō ndeithfrithear iad .i. a trī caol dīph &ersir; a trī reamur. In chēidinne tar ēis in gaile adearar portanairius nō duodenum ris; in dara inne adearar ieiunium ris; in treas inne subtiliam adearar ris; in ceathramad hinne adearur cecum ris; in cūigead hinne adearar colon ris; in seisead hinne adearar rectum ris. Et atā ina deireadh sin muscuilī fhollamhnaigis na himurcacha.

() Et co mad fheirrde do-chīthfidh an t-anathomia as tinnsgairti don n-inne dēighineach re n-aburthar rectum nō longon. Agus co nach toirmisgid na deisgidh anathomia do dēnamh ceanguiltear é sa chuid īachturaigh a ndā inadh &ersir; gearrthar é ar lār in cheangail &ersir; leigear an chuid īachturach amach dhe &ersir; gabhthar an chuid uachturach de. Agus bīthir agā tarraing nā go roichthior na reanga druma mur a ttinnsgnann an t-inne re n-aburthar colon atā reamur clūideach &ersir; is annsin gabaid na deasghaidh inna ccruth féin &ersir; atāid dā bannlāimh go maith ann. Agus claonaid go mōr chum (chum) na n-ārann clē &ersir; téid a sin suas chum na seilge &ersir; ionntaidi leath na haigchi a cclē ag leith deis an gaile fai an tres éite dona haeib mur a ngabann rann éigin do lionn ruad dūisgis ē chum a innarbtha. Agus turnaid ag dul fa gcuairt ac dul chum na hārann deisi nō go roi(th)chi ceann na leisidh mar a ttinsgnann an t-inne re n-aburthar monoculus nō cecus. Agus is ime adearar caecus ris ōir nī faicthior do bheith aige acht aondoras cidh ead atāid a dō aige &ersir; iad go ro-fhogas do chéile innas go ttēid adhbur asteach thar doras dīph &ersir; amach thar doras eile. Agus goirthear sacus de &ersir; atā sē a mod gaile ōir is ris adearar an dara gaile &ersir; atā sē mar leithfhiod baise go maith. Et ar son na ccomursanacht sin atā aige risna lochuibh blén &ersir; nach fuil sē ceangailte go maith thuitigh a n-aimsir briste an tsicne a sparán na n-uirghe amail adeir Avicenna. Agus is uadha sin thosgaidhis ylon atā ina inne chaol fhada ina bfuil a seacht nō ocht do bhanlāmha. Agus tēid fa gcuairt go mór ag an druim &ersir; ag na reangaiph druma. Et ina diaigh sin do-geiphthior an t-inne re n-aburthar ieiunium &ersir; is ime adearar an t-ainm sin ris a bheith folamh ō iomad na ccuislionn re n-aburthar vene miseratio ag dul chuige &ersir; ōn rann do lenn ruad dāiltear eidear é &ersir; an t-inne re n-aburthar duodenum &ersir; is ime adearar an t-ainm sin ris ōir atāid dā ordlach dēag ina fhad &ersir; goirthear portanairium de ōna oific ōir is inann porta &ersir; doras ōir is é is doras īachturach don gaile mur is é meiri is doras uachturach dhō.

() Et fēatur a fhēachain a sin mur do-berar clisteirī a n-easlāinti na n-innedh &ersir; na hinaid a ndleagur na leigis do chur go foirmillach riu. Ōir do leith na haidhchi &ersir; don leith deis &ersir; chlī dleagur a ccur a ccolica &ersir; an ylica chum na taobaibh. Agus dleagur a fhis do bheith agad umurro nach leigistear crēachta na n-inne ccaólcael T. ar a mbeith nīsa brēdīnī &ersir; go leigistear crēacht na n-innid reamur ar a mbeith nīsa fheolmuire. Et go madh fhearrde do-chīfid (Et go mad fhearrde do-chīfid) na boill eile is maith duit ceangal do chur ar phortonari a[g] gearradh amail do-rinneis thsuas &ersir; tairrngthior na hinne. Agus fēach mad āil ar ttūs mesinterium &ersir; ní ní eile sin acht fige dona cuislionna re [n-a]burthar misiraice atā do-ārmigthi ar a n-iumad ann ar a ngabhlugad ō chuislinn re n-aburthar porta haepiris .i. doras na n-aé chum na n-innid. Agus atāid arna ttiomchilliugad &ersir; arna ndaigniugadh ō bhrēidíní &ersir; ō cheangalrachaiph cheanglus na hinne risin druim &ersir; iad lán do méithradh &ersir; do fheoil mheasōgaig re n-aburthar (re n-aburthar) a ccoitchinne rodol do-chīfidh delaigthi ōna hiniph. Agus arna ccur uait fēach anathomia an gaile.

() Stomachus seu uenter est organum digestionis prime chile generatum .i. is é an gaile orgān an chēid-dīleagtha gheinis an chilus. Ōir mar is iad vene miseraice ullmuigeas dīleagad na n-aé is mur sin is ē béal an gaile ullmuigeas dīleagad an gaile. Gurub uime sin adeir Avicenna na briathra so: Nutriens in masticatione aliquam digestionem habet i. gabaid an bia dīleagadh ēigin ōna chognamh. Agus seirbīsid meiry nō ysophagus an gaile don leith uachturach de ag treorugadh na mbia chuige &ersir; seirbhīsid na hinne maille vene miseratimemiserasie T. dō ag ionnarbad a urchōidaidhi uadha &ersir; ag dāil na neithe ttarbach ndīleagtha bhīs ann uadha. Agus is amhla atā a ordugad a meadhōn an ainmidi amail ullmuigtheoir comchoitcheann na n-uile rann do rēir Gailēin in ceithre De utilitate ansa chēadchabidil. Et gidh atā sé arna shuidiugadh fai an chliabh a meadhōn an chuirp cidh ead do-nī an rann uachturach de beacān claonta chum an leithe chlí lāimh ris an dara halt dēag don druim mar a ccrīochnuigthior an sgairt chlēib; an rann īachturach umorro claonaid chum an leithe deis &ersir; is é a dhīleas an dīleagadh do dhēnamh ō theas dīlis feolmaireachta a īachtuir mar adeir Avicenna &ersir; ō theas eile tsireas ōna comursannaibh. Ōir atāid na haē don leith deis amail do beadais ar a mhuin agā thēagadh lena n-eitiph nō lena mēirib &ersir; atā an tsealg don leith chlí ar (a at) tarsna agā thēagadh le mēithre &ersir; lena cuislinnaiph &ersir; maille sin cuiridh lionn dub chuige do dūsachd in tochluigthi &ersir; tā an craidi ōs a cionn agā beogugadh lena airteiriph &ersir; atā an (an) inchind ag dáil gēg chuige d'fhēithiph do thabhairt mothuigthi dho leith an rainn uachtraigh de &ersir; atāid do leith an druma aige cuislionna re n-aburthar chilus &ersir; aborti ag turnam chum na mball īachturach &ersir; atāid mōrān do cheangalrachaiph aige cheanglas ē d'altuiph na n-ārann. Agus is mur sin is follas a gnīomh &ersir; a suidiugadh &ersir; a comceangal.

() Nuimir a rann umorro adubramar leath hsuas dín do meiry &ersir; atā sē arna chomtsuigiugad ō dā ionur fheolmura leath amuith &ersir; inar féitheach leath astigh maille villi ar fad chum a ttairrncthe do dēnamh re villi ar tarsna chum fostuigthi &ersir; re villi ar leithēid chum ionnarptha. Agus is amla atā a fhoirm &ersir; a fhighair cruinn fada a modh cucubitacucurbita T. maille cruime .i. a[g] crumad mar so innas gurub airde a dorse nā an corp innas nach rachdaois na neithe bīs ann as go hobonn. Agus is ī a chaindigeacht fhollas .i. go connmhann dā phicerium nō a trī do fhín. Agus fēadaid eaislāinti iomdha d'fhulung. Agus furtachtaighthior sinn ō anathomia aga leigis ōir fēadur leigis do chur ris an rann uachturach de do leith an dara halt dēag uachturaigh don druim &ersir; do leith na haidhche ō bhél an chlēib go n-uige an imlinn.

() Agus as a haithle sin labrum dona haeib. Epar est organum digestionis secunde a qua generatur sanguinis .i. is iad na haē orgāin an dara dīleagtha geinis fuil deirg. Agus atā arna suidheadh sa taobh dheas fao an (taoph des nō fao an) easnach brēgach. Agus atā form an rē orrtha &ersir; atāid drunnach do leith an easnaig &ersir; cabhānach do leith an gaile maille cūig eitti a modh lāimhe ag tachmhung an gaile ar a muin. Et atā ag na haé amail bhís ag na ballaib inmeadōnacha eile brēdīn thimchilligis iad chum a ttig fēith beac do thabhairt moithigthi dhōiph. Et ceangaltar na haē maille a mbrēidīn risin scairt &ersir; trīd sin risna ceangalrachaiph lādre (&ersir;) atā ōs a cionn &ersir; ris an druim &ersir; ris an ngaile &ersir; risna hinniph. Agus atā coimchceangal aca riu sin &ersir; ris an craide &ersir; risna hāir[i]nn &ersir; risna huirgibh &ersir; risna huile bhallaibh. Agus atā substaint na n-aē dearg feolmur mar do bheadh fuil theachtaighthi arna n-egur uile do chuislinnaiph &ersir; ō airteiriph mar adearum inār ndiaigh. Et"G comes to an end at this point. From here to the end of the editions all readings come from T." atāit na haē arna comtshuigiugad ō neithibh imda gidh ead atā aenrann aenda acu .i. feol trīna fuilid ana tosach dona cuislinnibh. Mur adeir Gailēan sa dara leabur Do<ex>n</ex>a Br<ex>īg</ex>aib N<ex>ādūrda</ex> sa chaibidil dēighinaig &ersir; sa cheathramad leabur De utilitate sa chūigead caibidil mur do-nīthear trī substainti don must ōna fhiuchad ina tshoitheach is mur sin do-nīthear trī substainti don tsilus arna bearbad isna haeibh .i. a dō ina n-imurcachaibh &ersir; aentsubstaint nādūrda maille huisgeamhlacht atā coitchinn dona leannaibh ele &ersir; is riu adearur masa sanginaria inār sgoilne co coitchinn chonnmas ceithre substainti nādūrda oileamhnacha innti féin amail do chrīchniugadh é in 2º De elementis co himlān. Agus na leanna so chruthuigthear isna haeibh amail adubramar atāit dūbalda; ōir atā drong dībh re n-abur nādūrda ō nādūrdacht na hoileamna &ersir; drong ele mī-nādūrda. Na leanna nādūrda umorro cuir(taig)thear iat le fuil deirg chum an chuirp uile dā chruthugad &ersir; dā oileamuin. Na leanna mī-nādūrda dealuigthear iad &ersir; cuirthear a n-inadaibh āirithe do dēnamh fortachta ēigin nō innarbthur ōn chorp iad chum inaidh āirithe amail atā lionn ruad agā chur chum an domblais aē &ersir; lionn dub chum na seilgi &ersir; lionn fionn chum na n-alt &ersir; in imurcach uisgeam(a)lacht chum na n-ārann &ersir; chum an lēsa. Agus innarbthar iad ōn chorp &ersir; tēighid le fuil deirg. Agus uair and morgaid &ersir; do-nīd fīabhrais &ersir; innarbthur &ersir; dīsgaeiltear drong dīb go neamāirigtheach nō go hāirightheach trī allas nō trī sgaibiges nō trī bruth nō trī neascōid.

() Mās ead atāit ceithre leanna nādūrda ann &ersir; ceithre leanna mī-nādūrda &ersir; uisgeamalach &ersir; is dīb sin do goiridur na seandaine fuil dearg lionn ruad &ersir; lionn fionn &ersir; lionn dub &ersir; arna cruthugad isna haebh. Mur sin dāiltear iad ar an mod so .i. tosgaidh ō chab[án] na n-aē an chuisli re n-abur porta arna roinn a cuislinnibh misirasia vena &ersir; atāit do-āirme ar a n-imad arna plandagh isin gaile &ersir; isna hinnibh &ersir; tarrngid &ersir; imurchaid chum na n-aē sūgh an tsilis huilidi &ersir; dāilidh an chuisli sin maille na prēmaibh trīna haeibh uile. Ō druim na n-aē umorro thosgaideas cuisli re n-abur concabha nō cilis &ersir; aththarrngidh sin maille na prēmaibh ōna haeibh uile &ersir; ar teagmāil prēm na cuislinne eile di an fhuil do cruthuig[thear] inntu. Agus arna gablugad sīs &ersir; suas mur dubramar tshuas dāilid &ersir; imurchaid an fhuil sin chum an chuirp uile dā oileamuin mur a crīchnigthear an treas dīleagad &ersir; an ceathramad dīleagad. Et tēigid sligte &ersir; doirrsi dīlsi ōna haeibh imarchras na himurcacha a ndīleagad adubramar chum a n-inadh féin dā laibeōram anār ndiaigh.

() Et as follas as [na] neithibh sin adubramar gurob ris an taebh deas dleagur leigeas na n-aē do chur &ersir; co ndliginn stipicacht ēigin do beith inntu ar shubstainti na n-aē.

() Nunc dicendum est de cisdi felis .i. as innlabartha anois do tshoitheach an domlais aē. Agus is amlaidh atā 'na sparān nō 'na lāmhannān brēidīnach arna tshuighudh a cabān na n-aē ag an n-eiti meadōnach arna ordugad do ghabāil na n-imurcach coilearach a chruthuigthear isna haeibh. Agus atāit dā bhēl nō dā doras ag an sparān sin tamall ēigin ō chēle &ersir; iat ag dul a n-éininadh do rēir Muindinuis. An cēad-doras dīb tēid chum meadōin na n-aē do gabāil leanna ruaid. An dara doras tēid chum īachtuir an gaile &ersir; chum na n-innidh dā nglanad d'innarbad leanna ruaid cu[c]a ar son an tarbachta adubramar. Et as ī a caindigacht ōir fēatur a fhaicsin go connmaid lān ēingloine d'fhīn. Agus fēadaidhe a thuicsin go fēadann dūintī d'fhulang ina doras choitchinn &ersir; ina doras dīlis. An tan bīd ana doras choitchinn nī tarrngthear lionn ruad &ersir; nī hinnarbthur ē le fuil deirg &ersir; buigthear an tan sin an fual &ersir; an corp uile. Agus an tan bīd dūintiIn the previous instance -i is marked as long, but not here. eDIL (dil.ie/19230) has -e as nom./acc. pl. in doras dīlis teasdoighidh na furtachta do-nī dona ballaib chum a cuirid lionn ruad &ersir; geinigh droch-aicidī imda do rēir Gailēin annsa seisead leabur De egritudine et synthomate &ersir; sa chūigead leabur de InteriorumInterioribus T.T's reading is better, as the treatise is known as "De Interioribus". See Richard J. Durling on Burgundio de Pisa's undated translation of it, Traditio 42 (1986) 439–442; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0362152900004141.

() Splen est receptorum superfluitatis melancolice in epate generate .i. as ī an tsealg soitheach gabāla na n-imurcach melancolice chruthuigthear isna haeibh. Agus atā arna ordugh don leith chlī ag tachmanugadh an gaile ar a tarrsna. Agus atā a substaint go hēdluith cuasach nís duibe nā substaint na n-aē. Agus atā [a] figur fada amail do beith ceathair-uillionach. Agus ceangailtear í trīna brēidīn don easna do leith a droma &ersir; do leith a cabān risin ngaile &ersir; risin sirabus. Et atāit dā doras ag an tseilg &ersir; is trī doras dīb tharrngas an imurcach adubhramar ōna haeibh &ersir; cuirigh ī trīd an doras ele chum an gaile ar son na furtachta adubramar romainn.

() Et fēadaidh an tsealg mōrān d' easlāintibh d'fhulang ōir is ro-ullamh í chum cruais &ersir; chum dūinti ar son an adbuir adubramar. Agus dā roibh trīthu sin co heasbadach a nglanadh na n-aē do-nīthear an corp truagh droch-datha &ersir; dā roibh easbadach a[g] cur leanna duibe chum an gaile gortaigthear an tochlugadh amail lēghthur leath a thuas dīnn. Et bīth a fhis agad nach fuil sgaileadh na continōidighi go comguasachtach innti &ersir; isna haebh. Et glantur go dīlis í trīd an mbroind &ersir; curthur a leigeas risin taebh chlí mur adeir Gailēan sa treas leabur dēag do Terapentice.

() Renes sunt particule ad mundandum sainginim a superfluetate aquos ordinati .i. atāit na hāirne ana rannaibh arna n-ordugh do glanadh fola deirge ōna himurcachaib uisgeamla. Agus atāit a dō dībh .i. āra don leith deis &ersir; a fogas dona haeibh &ersir; āra don leith chlí nís ísle nā sin. Et atā a substaint cruaidh feolmur &ersir; atā a foirm cruind amail uighi bar combhrisidh. Agus atāit cabāin inntia ana ngabaid aní tharrngid chucu. Et atā a ngach ārainn dībh dā doras .i. doras dībh trī tarrngid an uisgiamalacht ō chylis vena &ersir; trīd sin ōna haeibh; trīd an dā doras ele cuiridh an uisgeamhlacht sin re n-abur an fual chum an lēsa. Agus tigid cuislinna &ersir; airteirī &ersir; fēithe chum na n-ārann ō ndēntur an brēidīn thimchilligeas iat. Agus ceangiltear na hāirne risin ndraim &ersir; atā mōrān mēathraidh acu do gach taebh. Agus atāit na ranga droma do chūil na n-ārann lāimh re haltib an droma &ersir; luigid na hāirne ar a muin mur budh iad budh chearchaill dōibh. Et idear a[n] dā hārainn ar muin [na] n-alt teagaid na cuislinna re n-abur aborti &ersir; cylis chum na mball īachtrach &ersir; ōna cuislinnibh sin a ngoire dona hāirnibh geintear soithigi an tshīlne dā laibeōram anār ndiaigh.

() Et fēadaidh annsin a fhaicsin na nuimear &ersir; a caindhi acht na n-alt &ersir; do-gebur iad nīs roime nāid na hailt ele. Agus is trīthu sin chuirthear nō thigid cūig chūpla fēithead ō smior smeantain chum na bronn uile &ersir; chum rann na largead &ersir; na cos.

() Per ancha[s] hic intelliguntur partes inferiores ventris .i. tuicthear an leasrach annso 'na rann īachtrach don broinn ōn imlinn co n-uig an leasrach &ersir; boill na cōimriachtana. Agus atāit a rainn tribulta ōir atāit rainn díbh chonnmas &ersir; rainn ele chonnmuigthear &ersir; rainn thosgaideas go foirimillach. Is iat na raind chonnmhas .i. mirac &ersir; sifac &ersir; sirbus &ersir; cnāmha. Na raind chonnmuigthear umorro .i. an lēs &ersir; soithigthi an tshīlne &ersir; in maclog isna mnāibh &ersir; in t-inne re n-aburthar longaon &ersir; rectum &ersir; féithe &ersir; cuislionna &ersir; airteirī thosgaideas chum na mball īachtarach. Et is iat na raind thosgaideas co foirimillach .i. dindimi &ersir; na huirgi &ersir; in tshlat fhearrda &ersir; is innlabhurtha dībh so do rēir uird.

() Et labhrum ar d[t]ūs dona rannaibh connmhas. Agus do labhrumur do mirac &ersir; do shifac &ersir; do shirbas a n-anathomia in raind uachturaigh don broind mās ead labrum annso dona cnāmaibh. Et do-geibthear annsa leasruch dō chinēl chnāmann ōir atāit ar d[t]ūs do leith an droma a trī nō a ceathair d'altaibh isin chnāimh re n-abur os sacrum .i. in cnāim is neasa don droind do(n) chnāmaib an droma.i. cnāma na rang ndroma is not in L. &ersir; dā alt nō a trī maethānacha sa chnāim re n-abur cauda .i. in cnāim īachturach re n-abur an dronn.i. in cnāim īachturach re n-abur an dronn is not in L.. Agus mur chēadaltt do chnāim re n-abur os sacrum atā sē ro-reamur &ersir; roinnid na cnāma atā 'na diaigh air do leith na timthearachta &ersir; īachtair an droma. Agus is do leith na haighthi atāit na puill trīna tosgaididh fēithi na gcnāmhann sin &ersir; nī dhe leith a taebh amail thosgaideas ō chnāimib ele an droma. Do leith na taebh umorro atāit dā chnāimh mōra .i. aenchnāimh do gach taebh &ersir; ceangiltear iad do leith an droma risin n-alt mōr adubramar d'altaib os sacrum &ersir; ceangiltear do leith na haighchi iad isin fhordronn &ersir; do-nīt cnām an ordruinn innas go fuilid na cnāma sin leathan do leith an droma gurob uime sin adearur ossa yliorum .i. cnāma na rang ndroma..i. cnāma na rang ndroma is not in L. Et atāit ana meadōn sin do leith a foirimill cabāin nō lagāin ina (n)ngabthur vetibra .i. cinn chnāmhann na lairge. Agus atā a ngoire do sin a cēadoir do leith na timthearachta a ngach cnāimh dīb poll mōr &ersir; is de sin adeir Gailēan sa seisead leabur dēag De <pb n="138"/> utilitate sa naomad caibidil curob ēigin poll mōr &ersir; slig mōr do dēnamh a n-eidearmeadōn cinn chnāmann na lāirgi &ersir; an lesraigh trīna rachadighis fēithe musgaile &ersir; cuislinna &ersir; airteire thēid ōna rannaibh uachtracha &ersir; ōna rannaibh īachtracha. Et atāit na cnāma sin co cumang do leith an ordroinn aga ceangal re chēle isin fhordronn a mod brangca. Et gē tā in cnāimh so go fīrīnnach a n-aenchnāimh gid eadh atāit trī hanmanna air &ersir; is uime sin adeir drong ēigin trī cnāmhanna ris .i. os ylii don leith uachtraigh &ersir; os pectinis nō pubis do leith na haighchi &ersir; os femorum ina lār.

() Labrum anois dona rannaib connmuigthear. Agus is ē cēidní theagmas dūin dīb .i. an lēs &ersir; is amlaidh atā sē ina tshoitheach gabāla amail tshitil nō sacān ag imurchur in fhuail arna tshītleadh ōna hāirnibh ann. Et atā [a] shubstaint lāidir brēidīneach arna chomtshuigiugadh ō dā brēidīn. Agus atā a fhoirm cruinn. Et as ī a chainndighacht .i. gurob beag nach cuinneochadh lán ēnphicerium. Et atā a shuigiugad a n-inmeadōn fai an fhordroinn. Agus planndaigidh dā shlaiti fada ann thig ōna hāirnibh dā ngoirthear porre in ritidesThis reading is translated as 'ureters'. There is no explanatory note, but McVaugh, vol. 1, p. 52, reads 'pori uritides'. thosgaideas trīd na taibhaibh co fīar &ersir; imurchas an fual ōna hāirnib. Et atā brāighe fheolmur aigi maille muscailib iadas &ersir; fhoslaigeas í &ersir; tosgaididh an brāige sin uada go fillteach &ersir; ag dul trī shifac a[g] dul go n-uig an slait isna fearaib &ersir; tēid isna mnāibh gan fhillead do leithiod dā mēar fai in mbandacht trīna n-innarbthur an fual amach. Et is follas as sin co fuil an lēs ullamh chum dūintidh &ersir; ar son na brāighid &ersir; chum cloch ar son an fhuail gainmidhe gabas &ersir; chonnmas.

() Labrum anois do tsoithighibh an tshīlne. Agus is amhlaid atāit ana cuislinnibh thosgaideas lāimh risna hāirnibh ōna cuislin re n-abur cilis &ersir; aborti ag imchur fola deirge chum uirgi an fhir &ersir; na mnā ō ndēntur sīlne trīd an dīleagad ndēighinach. Et is ē an sīlni sin sīl &ersir; torad na nādūire daonna. Agus sīntear na soithi sin amach isna fearaibh ōir is don leith amuich atāit a n-uirghi &ersir; atāit leath astigh annsa mnāibh ōir astigh atāit a n-uirgi amail aderam 'nār ndiaigh. Et is follas astu sin trī bunas na soitheach so co n(n)gabann an sīlne nādūr an chraide &ersir; na n-aē &ersir; na n-ārann &ersir; co fuil rannchuidugadh ag an n-inchinn ris trīd na fēithibh thig uaithi chum na n-uirgi do mothugad a ngairdeachais. Agus do rēir sin tig an sīlne ōn chorp uile &ersir; nī do rēir substainti acht do rēir brīge amail adeir dingnus ConsiliatorA famous medical treatise by Pietro d'Abano (Peter de Abano) from the early 14th century, entitled Conciliator differentiarum quae inter philosophos et medicos versantur..

() Cf. translation of this section by Aoibheann Nic Dhonnchadha, Field Day Anthology of Irish Writing, vol. 4, New York 2002, 346. Et as a haithle sin labram don macclog ar son na mban. Agus is ead is macclog ann .i. fearann na geineamhna daena &ersir; is uime sin atā sē 'na orgān gabāltach. Agus atā a shuigiugad idear an lēs &ersir; an t-inne re n-abur longaon. Agus atā a shubstaint brēidīneach arna chomtshuigiugad ō dā inar. Et atā a fhoirm cruinn maille dā adhairc nā re dā beangān clūdaithi &ersir; atā ina ceandaibh sin uirgi beaga arna plandugadh isin rann uachtrach dībh. Et atā feadān leathan do leith na haigchi aigi &ersir; is amhlaid atā mur do beadh an tslat fhearrda bunsginn nō arna tshuigiugadh leath astigh amail adeir Gailēan sa cheathramad leabur dēag De utilitate particularum'particulitatelarum' with punctum delens below 'itate'.. Agus atāit dā beangān clūideacha leath a thuas de maille huirgi a cosmailis sparāin na n-uirgi. Agus atā folmagacht choitchinn ana meadōn a cosmailis rainn an fhordrainn. Et atā brāighi fheadānach go hīachtrach aigi a cosmailis bona na slaiti fearrda. Et atā doras foirimillach aigi re n-abur ulva .i. an bandacht a cosmailis bona na slaiti fearrda &ersir; atā 'na lār sin an ball re n-abur tentigo a cosmailis cinn na slaiti fearrda &ersir; atā fad na brāigid sin mur fhad na slaiti fearrda .i. ocht nō a nae d'ordlaighib. Et gen go fuil acht dā chābhān follas ann mur nuimher na cīch gid eadh atāit trī teagaisi a ngach teagas dībh sin &ersir; aenteagas ana lār ionas co fagur seacht teagaisi ann do rēir Mundinuis. Agus atā comcheangil aigi risin n-inchinn &ersir; risin craide &ersir; risna haeibh &ersir; risin ngaile &ersir; ceangailtear ē risin ndruim. Et atāit cuislinna idear é &ersir; na cīchi re n-abur lateralesThis renders Latin 'lactales'. &ersir; menstruales &ersir; is trīthu sin tshiublaideas in rann don fhuil mīsda is adbur don bainne cīchi; gurob uime sin adubairt Ipocraid an bainne do beith 'na brāithear don fhuil mīsda gurob uime sin nach teagmann in fhuil mīsda da theacht co maith &ersir; bainne do beith ag an mnai a n-aen-aimsir.

() Et do-geibthear faina trī rannaibh sin an t-inne re n-abur longaon nō rec[t]um do leighimur thorainn nō uain thuas a n-anthomia [na] n-innidh &ersir; is ē sin .i. soitheach gabāla d'imurcaibh an chēid-dīleagtha. Agus atā(it) a shubstaint brēidīneach mur atāit na hinne ele &ersir; is ē a fhad co leithiod boisi lāimh risna hāirnibh &ersir; ag loighi go dīrach ōs cinn chnāimhe na droinne. Et in rann īachturach de adearur anus .i. an timthearacht ris. Agus atāit dā muscuili ana thimchill osglas &ersir; iadhas ē &ersir; ceangiltear annsin cūig gēga chuislinn dā ngoirthear emoroidales. Agus atā comcheangal mōr aigi risin lēs gurob uime sin bīs comfhulang aturra ana n-easlāintib.

() Labrum anois dona rannaibh thosgaidheas co foirimillach &ersir; fēcham ar tūs don didamus &ersir; do sparān na n-uirgi. Agus infhēchsana dā nī umpa sin .i. ar tūs rainn chonnmas &ersir; ainnsein rainn chonnmuigthear. Na rainn chonnmas atāit a n-urdail adubramar thuas do beith isin broinn dībh ōir is uatha sin thigid na rainn so .i. mirac ag teacht ō mirac sifac ag teacht ō shithfac co foirimillach ag imtheacht air chnāimh an ordruinn &ersir; is dā thosach sin ar teacht amach goirthear didimus .i. irsech na n-urghi.i. irsech na n-urghi is not in L.. Agus is uime adubramar didimus ar a beith dūbalda. An rann dēiginach umurro goirthear oshecum .i. sparā(i)n na n-uirghi ē. Na rainn chonnmuigthear atāit a trī: &ersir; ar tūs atāit na huirgi atā 'na n-orgānaib oireada don geineamain ōir is innta fhoirfidhthear an sīlne. Agus atā a substaint feolmur measōgidh gil. Et 'na diaigh sin atāit soichthi in tsīlne ag teacht ōna inaidibh adubhramar &ersir; atā sin dūbalda .i. soitheach imurchas &ersir; soitheach innarbas. As iad na soichthi imurchas .i. na cuislinn &ersir; hairteire adubramar do theacht ō chylis vena &ersir; aborti. Agus is iat na soithide innarbas .i. na soithide thēid lāimh re brāighid an lēsa innarbas an sīlne ō pholl na slaiti fearrda. Et atā maille ann fēith chongbālach mothuigtheach thig ōn inchinn chum na n-urghi. Dā rēir sin atāit na ceithre cuirp sin adubramar leath astigh do didimus &ersir; do sparān na n-uirgeadh. Agus is follas astu sin co ndlighinn poll beith lāimh risin mblēn [a] mirac &ersir; a sifac trīna tigid na cuirp sin adubramar anuas .i. an chuisli &ersir; an t-artere imurchas an sīlne &ersir; an fhēith &ersir; an ceathramad slig eile leath amuith lāimh re brāgad an lēsa chum bona na slaiti fearrda. Et is follas an tan leathnuigthear an poll atā lāimh risin mblēin leath amuith do nādūr co fēadaid na cuirp uachturacha'acha' moved to end of folio 32. mur atā sirbus 'na hinne a[g] teacht amach &ersir; toitim a ndidimus nō sparān na n-uirgeadh &ersir; brisid na crepatura do dēnamh. Agus dā mad adbur ele do beith 'na ernia.

() Agus as a haithli sin labrum anois don tslait fhearrda. Agus is ī an tsla(i)t fhearrda tighiseach na nādūire daonna &ersir; 'na diaigh sin is ī is slig don fhual. Et is amlaid atā substaint arna comtshuighiugadh ō chroicinn &ersir; ō musgailibh &ersir; ō shreangaibh &ersir; ō chuislinibh &ersir; ō airteiribh &ersir; ō fhēithibh &ersir; ō cheangilrachaib ro-reamru. Et suighthear &ersir; planduigthear ī ar muin an ordruinn. Agus teagaid na ceangilracha chuigi ōn chnāimh re n-abur os sacrum &ersir; cnāmaibh atā fai. Na cuislinna &ersir; na hairteire &ersir; in fheoil &ersir; in croicinn is ōna rannaibh uachtracha theagaid. Et atāit dā fheadhān nō dā shlig oireada innti .i. slig an tsīlne &ersir; slig an fhuail. Bun na slaiti fearrda balanum ghoirthear de; a pholl umorro mitra; a ainm a cheann capellus nō prepucium adearar ris. Et as ī a cainndiacht chomthrom nō choitchinn .i. dligid sī a hocht nō a naoi d'oirdlibh maille reime measurda do beith innti &ersir; is ēigin a beith imchubaid don maclog.

() Labrum anois don ball re n-abur pyenum &ersir; is de sin gareas mīn[i]ugh na teanga Araipche peretonionCf McVaugh, I, 54: Peryneum est illud quod Arabica translacio perytoneon vocat. &ersir; is sē sin an t-inidh atā idear an timthearacht &ersir; an tslat fhearrda. Agus atā ar a muin sin fuaigail ēigin [ag] līnugh sparāin na n-uirgeadh &ersir; na slaiti fearrda. Agus as a haithle sin labrum dona lochaibh blēn &ersir; is iat sin co nādūrda gabas imurcacha na n-aē &ersir; is amhlaid atāit ina feoil measōgaidh arna n-ordugadh a fillead na sliatagh. Na māsa umorro atāit ana feoil reamar musgolosa arna n-ordugh ōs (a) cinn chnāman na sliasda. Et teagaid ana diaigh (a) sin leasrach &ersir; fēithe &ersir; musgaile &ersir; sreanga &ersir; ceangalracha gluasis &ersir; cheanglas an sliasdach &ersir; an chos uile risin leasrach.

() Pēs magnus durut a iunctura scie usque ad exteram articalorumCf McVaugh, I, 54: Pes magnus sive tybia magna durat a iunctura scie usque ad extrema articulorum. .i. teagmaid an chos ō alt na leisi co foirimill alt na mēar. Agus ō chomaentaigid rainn na coisi a mōrān re rannaibh na lāimhe amhail adeir Gailēan sa treas leabur De utilitate is uime sin fodhailtear an chos a trī rannaibh amail do-rinne(adh) an lāmh thuas. An cēadrann dībh is mō adearur coxsa .i. an tsliasat; ris an da[ra] rann adearur tibia .i. in colpa; risan treas rann umorro adearur pes parvum .i. in troigh ris. Et is fīr co ngoirinn mīniugadh na teanga Grēgaidhe currs don nī dā ngairinn mīniugadh na teanga Airaipche coxa &ersir; co ngairinn tibia don nī dā ngairinn an mīniugad Araiptheach curs .i. in lurga gid eadh nī fhuil brīg againn isna hanmannaibh so.

() Et atá an chos maille na rannaibh arna comtshuighudh amail chomshuighthear an lāimh ō chroicinn &ersir; ō fheoil &ersir; ō chuislinibh &ersir; ō airteiribh &ersir; ō fhēithibh &ersir; ō musgoilibh &ersir; ō shreangaibh &ersir; ō cheangalrachaibh &ersir; ō chnāmaibh &ersir; is innlaburtha dīb sin do rēir uird. Agus adubramar leath a thuas dīn cad hē an croicin &ersir; an fheoil. Labrum a n-oinfheacht dona cuislinnibh &ersir; dona hairteiribh follasa trīd an cūis adubramar thuas. Mās ead an tan thāngadur na cuislinna a[g] gabhlugadh ōna tosaighibh isin alt dēiginach don druim fogailtear iad a dhā rannaibh &ersir; tēid rann dīb chum na luirge deisi &ersir; rann ele chum na lairgi clí. Agus fogailtear annsin a dā ngēgibh mōra iat &ersir; gabaid gēg dīb don chois leath amuichleatha don chois muich T. &ersir; gēg ele leath astigh &ersir; turnaid a[g] gablugad trī an colpa chum na mudorn &ersir; chum an troithidh. Agus ordaighi ceithre cuislinni licthear a coitchinne ar son easlāinti āirigthi .i. sofena fai an mudornn do(n) leith na haighchi lāimh risin sāil &ersir; sietica fai an mudorn don leith amuich &ersir; poplitica fai an isgaid &ersir; renalis idear an mēar mbeag &ersir; in tānaisti. Agus adeir Langfrangcus curob mōr foghnas .i. renalis a leig inso a crēachtaibh na lurgan re n-abur cangcrene &ersir; amalamortumThis term is found as "malamortum" delle gambe in Jehan Yperman, padre della chirurgia fiamminga by Mario Tabanelli, L.S. Olschki 1969, 342. &ersir; avarices &ersir; a ngach uile crēacht bīs isin lurgain.This sentence is not in L. Mās ead atāit isna colpaib ceithre cuislionna mōra follasa fhēadas flux mōr &ersir; guasacht do thabairt go menic. Et atā mōrān do gēgaib eli annsin nach cuireann an cneadaige brīg co mōr inntu.

() De nervis pedum .i. labrum anois d'fhēithibh na cos &ersir; adeir Avicenna co n-ēxamailter co mōr iad ō fhēithibh na lāmh. Agus cebē nī adearur is ō altibh īachturacha na n-ārannEnding 'ann' moved to end of folio 34a. &ersir; an chnāma re n-abur os sacrum thigid. Agus tēid an rann is mō dīb trī pholl chnāmha na leisi &ersir; turnaid chum muscuilī na hisgaide. Et (&ersir;) is uatha sin arna cheangil re m[us]cuilibh &ersir; re sreangibh thig ōn leasrach gluasis an t-alt &ersir; arna cheangil re chnāmhibh na lairgi do-nīthear muscailī mōra atā ōs cinn in cholpa gluaisis an troigh ana (h)alt &ersir; muscaili an troithigh mur an cēanna gluasas ailt na mēr amail adubrad thuas dona lāimhaib. Et nī hindermaid anī adubrad thuas gurob do rēir foirme na muscuilī atāit na cneada do-nīthear a ngoire na n-alt ro-guasachtach.

() Et turnaid ceangalracha mōra reamra ar fad na coisi uile &ersir; fogailtear iad go mōr faiiad fai go mōr T. na lochaibh blēn &ersir; fai an glūn &ersir; ar muin an mudoirn &ersir; alt na mēr. Agus is ē alt na troigheadh amāin atā uile maille ceangilrachaibh.

() Ultimo de osibus .i. is labartha fa deireadh do chnāimhibh na cos do rēir na foglach dubramar. Et sa chēadrann dīb re n-abur coxa atā aenchnāimh mōr smioramail &ersir; sē cruinn a ngach ceand. An ceand uachtrach de re n-abur uertibrum atā 'na aenur &ersir; chlaenas asteach &ersir; gabur ē a lagān chnāmha na leisi &ersir; atā dronnadh ēigin ann don leith amach. Isin rann īachturach umorro leath risin nglūn atāit dā cheand chruinne air gabar &ersir; imluaighiltear a dhā chabān atā a ceand (cruinne air gabur &ersir; imluaighltear a dā chabān atā a ceand) an chnāmha is mō do chnāmhibh na lurgead. Et atā ōs a chinn cnāimh cruinn leathan re n-abur patela ginsu .i. clār an glūin.

() Et ana diaigh sin atā an colpa &ersir; atāit annsin dā chnāimh re n-abur fasilia. Agus atā an cnāimh is mō dībh do leith na haigchi &ersir; is sē do-nī cnāim na lurgan ag toirnem ōn glūn go n-uig an troigh &ersir; ag dēnamh an mudo(i)rnāin don taeibh astigh. Et atā an cnāimh as lugha don leith amuich tamall fai an glūn mur a shuigithear a cheand ag toirneamh go n-uig an troigh adā cheangal annsin risin cnāimh ele &ersir; ag dēnamh mudo(i)rnāin don leith amuigh. Et adeir Gulialmus de Salaseto &ersir; Langfrangcus .i. aithriseach a contrā[r]da so go holc &ersir; an tī lenab āil na cnāmha sin d'fhēachain fēadaidh fiadhnaisi na fīrīnne do dēnamh. Foirm na cnāmhann sin umorro is follas co fuilid dā chabān annsa chnāimh is mō dīb leath risin nglūn ana ngabthur cinn chnāmhann na lāirgi ōir nī thēid an cnāmh is lugha do chnāmaibh na lurgan go n-uig an alt acht suigthear ē mur dubrad &ersir; laigid a ngoire an glūin fai don leith amuigh &ersir; is uime sin goirthear actus de. Agus ceangailtear ē lāim risin troigh risin cnāim is mō &ersir; do-nīt araen cabān ar cuma an rē nua ana ngabthur an cēadchnāim do chnāmaibh na troigeadh.

() Et atāit trī chliath chnāmhann isin troigh. Agus atāit trī cnāma isin chēidchleith dīb arna (arna) timsugad co comchruinn a n-ēininadh. An cēadchnāimh dīb adearur cahab .i. in rūithīn isin Araipris &ersir; astralagus isin Grēig &ersir; is amhlaid atā comchruinn do gach taebh ar cuma chnapāin le licthear an t[r]oig(ead) as a mbogha nGailingseach.McVaugh's edition, 56 ll 2–3 reads: "Primum est cahab Arabice, Grece astralagus, et est quasi ad modum nodi baliste, rotundum ab utraque parte." In vol. 2, 52 McVaugh notes: "Nodus baliste is the nut or catch of a crossbow". Might Gailingseach be a corruption due to misreading? Agus daingnigthear annsa cheand uachtrach de cabān chnāmann na lurgan &ersir; is annsin gluaistear an troigh et annsa cheand ele de daingnigthear cabān an chnāmha re n-abur os nauiculare. Et a ndiaigh an chnāmha sin re n-abur cahab .i. in rūithīn atā a cēadōir do leith na troigead an cnāim os nauiculare ar a beith ar cuma luinge &ersir; atā sē nís cabānaigh do gach leith nā an cnāimh ele sin. Annsa chēadchabān de gabthur ceann an chnāmha re n-abur cahab. Annsa dara cabān gabthur cinn chnāmann an dara clēithi don troigh. Agus atā fai an dā chnāim so an cnāimh re n-abur calcanies .i. cnāimh na sāla 'na ndaingnaidthear an troigh uile &ersir; tosghaid don leith chūil ar son na ceangilrach phlannduigthear ann. Et a ndiaigh in chnāmha re n-abur nauiculare gā n-inmeadōn .i. aturra atā an dara cliath do chnāmaibh na troigeadh ina fuilid ceithre cnāma is leōr girra. Et atā cnāim dībh don leith amuich re n-abur grandinosum ar chomair ailt an mēir bhig. Agus atāit na cnāmha sin cruinn do leith an ch[n]āma re n-abur nauiculcare &ersir; cabānach do leith an treas clēithi. Annsa treas clēith atāit cūig cnāma as leōr fad reaguras dona mēraibh &ersir; gabas alt na mēr chucu. Et atāit na mér féin a cūig &ersir; trī cnāmha i ngach mēr dīb a n-ēgmais na hordōige ann nā fuil ach dā chnāimh. Et is iat anmanna na cliath sin na troigeadh tearrsus &ersir; mechatarsus &ersir; pecten amail atāit isin lāimh. Dā rēr sin atāit sē chnām fichead isin troigh, deich cnāmha fichead isin chois uile.

() Et idear (a)n[a] altaib so is ē alt is deacra asa inad do chuir &ersir; do thabairt ana inadh dīb alt an muduirn &ersir; is ē alt an glūin is usa &ersir; atā alt na heise go hinmeadōnach.

Finit. Tāirnig annsin Anathomia Gydo &ersir; Cormac Mac Duinnlēibe do chuir a nGaedh[ei]lg í.