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<title type="uniform">The Death of Finn Mac Cumaill</title>
<title type="extended">[Two Fragments]</title>
<title type="gmd">An electronic edition</title>
<author>unknown</author>
<editor id="KM" sortas="meyer, kuno">Kuno Meyer</editor>
<respStmt>
<resp>Electronic edition compiled by</resp>
<name id="BF">Beatrix F&auml;rber</name>
</respStmt>
<funder>University College, Cork</funder>
<funder>Professor Marianne McDonald via the CELT Project</funder>
</titleStmt>
<editionStmt>
<edition n="2">Second draft.</edition>
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<extent><measure type="words">2000</measure></extent>
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<publisher>CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts: a project of University College, Cork</publisher>
<address>
<addrLine>College Road, Cork, Ireland&mdash;http:www.ucc.ie/celt</addrLine>
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<date>2004</date>
<date>2010</date>
<distributor>CELT online at University College, Cork, Ireland.</distributor>
<idno type="CELT">G303003</idno>
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<p>Available with prior consent of the CELT programme for purposes of academic research and teaching only.</p>
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<listBibl>
<head>Manuscript sources</head>
<bibl n="1">Oxford, Bodleian Library MS Laud 610, folio 122 b2; for details see Brian &Oacute; Cu&iacute;v, Catalogue of Irish manuscripts in the Bodleian Library at Oxford and Oxford College Libraries, Dublin: DIAS 2001, pp. 62&ndash;88: 87.</bibl>
<bibl n="2">London, British Library MS Egerton 92, folio 6a, 1; for details see Robin Flower (ed.), Catalogue of Irish manuscripts in the British Library (formerly the British Museum) vol. 2, pp. 505&ndash;19: 505.</bibl>
</listBibl>
<listBibl>
<head>Editions of this tale</head>
<bibl n="1">Kuno Meyer (ed.), The Death of Finn Mac Cumaill, Zeitschrift f&uuml;r Celtische Philologie 1 (1897) 462&ndash;65.</bibl>
</listBibl>
<listBibl>
<head>Editions of related tales and secondary literature</head>
<bibl n="1">Kuno Meyer (ed. and trans.), Fianaigecht: Being a collection of hitherto inedited Irish poems and tales relating to Finn and his Fiana, with an English translation. Royal Irish Academy; Todd Lecture Series 16; Dublin and London 1910. (Repr. 1937 and 1993, DIAS, Dublin). [Still a standard work, comprising introduction to the Finn Cycle, annotated editions of various tales, with English translation, Glossary of the rarer words, and indexes of personal names, tribe names and place names.]</bibl>
<bibl n="2">Duanaire Finn, the Book of the Lays of Fionn, 3 vols; 1: Irish text with translation (part I); ed. by Eoin Mac N&eacute;ill, ITS 7 (1908); 2: Irish text with translation (part II); ed. by Gerard Murphy, ITS 28 (1933); 3: Introduction, Notes, Appendices, Indexes and Glossary; ed. by Gerard Murphy, Anne O'Sullivan, Idris L. Foster, Brendan Jennings, ITS 43 (1953).</bibl>
<bibl n="3">James MacKillop, Fionn mac Cumhaill: Celtic Myth in English Literature. Syracuse 1986. [With useful, well-structured bibliography on pp. 197&ndash;249].</bibl>
<bibl n="4">Daith&iacute; &Oacute; h&Oacute;g&aacute;in, Fionn Mac Cumhaill: Images of a Gaelic Hero. Dublin 1988.</bibl>
<bibl n="5">M&aacute;irt&iacute;n &Oacute; Briain, Review of &Oacute; h&Oacute;g&aacute;in, Bealoideas 57 (1989) 174&ndash;183.</bibl>
<bibl n="6">Donald E. Meek, Review of &Oacute; h&Oacute;g&aacute;in, Cambridge Medieval Celtic Studies 22 (Winter 1991) 101&ndash;103.</bibl>
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<listBibl>
<head>The edition used in the digital edition</head>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<editor>Kuno Meyer</editor>
<title level="a">The Death of Finn Mac Cumaill</title>
</analytic>
<monogr>
<title level="j">Zeitschrift f&uuml;r Celtische Philologie</title>
<imprint>
<biblScope type="Volume">1</biblScope>
<pubPlace>Halle/Saale</pubPlace>
<publisher>Max Niemeyer</publisher>
<date>1897</date>
<biblScope type="page">462&ndash;465</biblScope>
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<p>CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts</p>
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<p>The electronic text represents pp. 462&ndash;465 of Kuno Meyer's article, including introduction, and annotated edition of the two fragments. The English translation is available in a separate file.</p>
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<correction status="medium">
<p>Text has been proof-read twice.</p>
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<p>The electronic text represents the edited text. Word segmentation is in line with CELT practice. Expansions are tagged <emph>ex</emph>; footnotes are marked <emph>note type="auth" n=""</emph>. Text supplied by the editor is tagged <emph>sup resp="KM"</emph>. The f carrying a punctum delens becomes <emph>&fdot;</emph>.</p>
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<quotation>
<p>Direct speech is marked <emph>q</emph>.</p>
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<hyphenation>
<p>CELT practice.</p>
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<p><emph>div0</emph>=the saga fragments; <emph>div1</emph>=the individual fragment. The editor's introduction is in an unnumbered <emph>div</emph> outside <emph>div0</emph>.</p>
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<p>Names are not tagged, nor are terms for cultural and social roles.</p>
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<creation>By one or more unknown author(s).
<dateRange from="1000" to="1200" exact="none">c1000?&ndash;c1200?</dateRange></creation>
<langUsage>
<language id="ga">Text is in Middle Irish.</language>
<language id="en">Introduction and annotations are in English.</language>
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<particDesc>
<person id="FINN">
<ps>Finn Mac Cumaill</ps>
</person>
</particDesc>
<textClass>
<keywords>
<term>saga</term>
<term>prose</term>
<term>medieval</term>
<term>Finn Cycle</term>
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<date>2019-06-05</date>
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<name>Beatrix F&auml;rber</name>
<resp>ed.</resp>
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<item>Changes made to div0 type.</item>
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<date>2010-04-15</date>
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<name>Beatrix F&auml;rber</name>
<resp>ed.</resp>
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<item>Conversion script run; header updated; new wordcount made; file parsed.</item>
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<date>2008-09-01</date>
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<name>Beatrix F&auml;rber</name>
<resp>ed.</resp>
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<item>Keywords added; file validated.</item>
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<date>2008-07-27</date>
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<name>Beatrix F&auml;rber</name>
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<item>Value of div0 "type" attribute modified, creation tags inserted, content of 'langUsage' revised; additions made to header and file.</item>
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<date>2005-08-25</date>
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<name>Julianne Nyhan</name>
<resp>ed.</resp>
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<item>Normalised language codes and edited langUsage for XML conversion</item>
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<date>2005-08-04T16:00:29+0100</date>
<respStmt>
<name>Peter Flynn</name>
<resp>ed.</resp>
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<item>Converted to XML</item>
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<change>
<date>2004-01-22</date>
<respStmt>
<name>Benjamin Hazard</name>
<resp>ed.</resp>
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<item>Bibliographical references checked.</item>
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<change>
<date>2004-01-21</date>
<respStmt>
<name>Beatrix F&auml;rber</name>
<resp>ed.</resp>
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<item>Introduction and footnotes keyed in and proofed (1); file proofed (2); additions to header; bibliography compiled; HMTL file created.</item>
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<date>2004-01-19</date>
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<name>Beatrix F&auml;rber</name>
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<date>1997-07</date>
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<resp>ed.</resp>
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<item>File proofread, basic structural mark-up applied.</item>
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<date>1997(?)</date>
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<name>Students at the CELT/CURIA Project</name>
<resp>text capture</resp>
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<item>Text captured by scanning.</item>
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<text n="G303003">
<front>
<div type="introduction" lang="en">
<pb n="462"/>
<head>The Death of Finn Mac Cumaill</head>
<p>The usual account of the death of Finn is that he was slain in battle against the L&uacute;agni Temrach at &Aacute;th Brea on the Boyne by Aiclech mac Dubdrenn, who cut off his head. This is the account given by the tenth-century poet <ps type="poet">Cinaed h&uacute;a Hartac&aacute;in</ps> in the poem beginning <title type="poem">Fianna b&aacute;tar i n-Emain</title>,<note n="1" type="auth">In the glossed copy of this poem in Egerton 1782, fo. 52a, the lines 'la f&eacute;in L&uacute;agne aided Find / oc &Aacute;th Brea for B&oacute;ind' are glossed as follows: <frn lang="ga">.i. la Aiclech mac Duibrenn dorochair Finn ac Ath Brea &oacute;s Boaind &ampersir; n&iacute; a mBeola Broghoige a Luachair.</frn> This seems to refer to the existence of yet another version of the death of Finn, which must have been entirely different, as it places the event at so distant a place as Luachair in Munster.</note> by <title type="book:Annals of Tigernach">Tigernach</title><note n="2" type="auth">See Stokes' edition in Rev. Celt. XVII, p. 21.</note> and the <title type="book:Annals of the Four Masters">Four Masters</title>,<note n="3" type="auth"><title type="book:Annals of the Four Masters">The Four Masters</title> (A.D. 283) add two stanzas, the first of which is identical with the quatrain quoted in Fragment 2 below. It also occurs as an addition to Cinaed's poem in Egerton 1782, fo. 53b, 1: <frn lang="ga">Robith Finn dna, robith Finn, / ba do goeib goniach guin, / dothall Aicclech mac Duibrenn / a chenn do mac Murni Muin.</frn></note> and, with greater detail, in the tale entitled <title type="manuscript tale">Aided Finn or <q>The Violent Death of Finn</q></title>.<note n="4" type="auth">Edited in <title type="book">Cath Finntr&aacute;ga</title>, pp. 72&ndash;76, translated in <title type="book">Silva Gadelica</title> II, pp. 96&ndash;99.</note> In this tale it is stated with some emphasis that the account there given is the true one: <cit><qt>is &iacute; sin iarum Aided Finn iar f&iacute;rinne in senchasa amail adfiadat na he&oacute;laig</qt>
<bibl>Aided Finn, ed. in Cath Finntr&aacute;ga, 72&ndash;76; translated in Silva Gadelica II, 96-99.</bibl></cit> <q>that then is the Death of Finn 
<pb n="463"/>
according to the truth of history, as the learned relate.</q></p>
<p>So there were other versions.</p>
<p>One of these we can piece together from two scanty fragments, in which, I believe, we have the beginning and end of an <title type="manuscript tale">Aided Finn</title> story, while the connecting piece is lost. The first of these fragments I have already published on p. 76 of my edition of <title type="manuscript tale">Cath Finntr&aacute;ga</title>, though not quite correctly and without translation. It is found in the well-known Bodleian codex <name type="manuscript">Laud 610</name>, fo. 122b, 2, where it follows immediately upon the above-mentioned version of <title type="manuscript tale">Aided Finn</title>. It breaks off with the end of that page. With fo. 123a a new layer of vellum and a different hand begin.</p>
<p>The second fragment is preserved in the British Museum <name type="manuscript">MS Egerton 92</name>, fo. 6a, 1. It is much defaced and partly illegible.</p>
<p>The two fragments together make a fairly intelligible story. According to this, Finn in his old age, being forsaken by one after another of his <term lang="ga">fiann</term>, who prefer service with the king of Tara, determines to put his remaining strength to the test by an attempt to leap across the Boyne at a spot which bore the name of <pn>L&eacute;im Finn</pn> or <pn>Finn's Leap</pn>. He accordingly sets out from where he is in the west of Ireland,<note n="5" type="auth">Somewhere in Munster, but no special place is mentioned.</note> passes along the high road of Gowran in Kilkenny, till at Mullaghmast he meets a woman making curds. Here the first fragment ends. He probably asks this woman for a drink, and thereby in some way violates one of the <term lang="ga">gessa</term> laid upon him.<note n="6" type="auth">So does C&uacute;chulinn on the last day of his life by eating the flesh of a hound. See the story of his death in Rev.Celt. III, p. 176.</note> The opening of the second fragment I think we can understand with the help of a passage in the other <title type="manuscript tale">Aided Finn</title>. It had been prophesied to Finn by his wife Smirgat<note n="7" type="auth">This is her name in <title type="manuscript tale">Aided Finn</title> (Cath Finntr. p. 74, 1). In a poem in LL. p. 139a she is called Smirnat ('Little Marrow').</note> that if he drank out of horns, his death would be nigh. It was therefore his custom alwways to drink out of cups. Now, in a place called <pn>Adarca Iuchba</pn> (the Horns of Iuchba) in Offaly he found a spring and drank out of it. An old woman reminds him of the prophecy, and Finn acknowledges its truth. For the rest of the tale I refer the reader to my translation of the second fragment.</p>
</div>
</front>
<body>
<div0 type="saga" lang="ga">
<pb n="464"/>
<div1 n="1" type="fragment">
<head><sup resp="KM">(Laud 610, fo. 122b, 2.)</sup></head>
<p>Ar toidhecht arrsaighechta do Finn h-ua Ba&iacute;scne ro-airighset a muinnter fair &ampersir; n&iacute;r leig air. <q>Cidh na h-anaidh-siumh</q> ol siat <q>i farradh r&iacute; Eir<ex>enn</ex> &ampersir; ro thinolfamais-ne chugat?</q> <q>Maith lium</q>, ol se, Anaidh n<ex>on</ex>bhur. Luidh fer dibh leisin fe&iacute;nn iar n-a bharach. Luid di<ex>diu</ex> araile, co <ex>n</ex>ach b&iacute; acht en&fdot;er. <q>F&iacute;r tra</q>, ol se <q>&aacute;es airighit na fir forum-sa. Ro fedar-sa im' rith &ampersir; im' le&iacute;m sin, ar is tair ata mo le&iacute;m .i. for Bo&iacute;nn &ampersir; ragh-sa dia br<ex>uach</ex>.</q> Is ed do rala reimhe an&iacute;ar for Belach n-Gabrain i Maistin. Is ann fua&iacute;r an mna&iacute; ag tath an grotha a Maistin. N&iacute; thairic tra <gap/></p>
</div1>
<div1 n="2" type="fragment">
<head><sup resp="KM">(Egerton 92, fo. 6a, 1).</sup></head>
<p><q><gap/>nuic so,</q> or F<sup resp="KM">inn</sup> <gap/> ar sisi <gap/> <q><sup resp="KM">tai</sup>rngaire <gap/> do n-epelad <ex>con</ex>es <gap/> neim<ex>h</ex> a h-ad<ex>h</ex>airc</q>. <q>Fir, a chailleach</q>, or se. <q>Ac so mu dealg duit.</q> Is ann luidhes lasin m-Boind sair co ra&iacute;nic a Leim. Ro gab iar<ex>u</ex>m id<ex>ir</ex> da charraig co tarrla a etan imon carraig, co m-bai a inchinn uimpe, co m-b&uacute;i marbh <ex>etir</ex> an da charraig. <ex>Co-n</ex>-fuarad<ex>ar</ex> iascaire na Boinde. Ceathrar doibh .i. tri maic Uircreann &ampersir; Aicclech mac Duibhreann. <ex>Co-n</ex>-fuarad<ex>ar</ex> sidhe. Co n-&eacute;cmaing Aicleach a cheann de &ampersir; <ex>co</ex> <sic resp="KM">rub<ex>h</ex>radar</sic> maic Uircrend. Rucsat a chenn leo i &fdot;asteach &ampersir; ro &fdot;uinsit a n-iasc &ampersir; ro rannsat i n-de. A cheann h-i cind tenedh. <q>Tabraidh dantm&iacute;r d&oacute;</q>, or fer dubh docluiche, <q>o na mair<sup resp="KM">(?)</sup> Aicleach.</q> Ro rannadh<pb n="465"/>

int iasc i n-de .i. fo tri &ampersir; bad<ex>ar</ex> tri cuibhrind ann beos. <q>Cidh so?</q> or fer dibh. Is ann isbert an cend a cind tened: 

<text type="poem">
<body>
<sp>
<lg type="quatrain">
<l>Is <ex>ed</ex> fod<ex>er</ex>a an tresraind</l>
<l>libh-si ce<ex>n</ex> sil n-apeli,</l>
<l>ar n-a tabhar dam-sa oc proind</l>
<l>uaib-si mo mh&iacute;r ma <gap/> ele.</l>
</lg>
</sp>
</body>
</text></p>
<p>Tan <gap/> oic <gap/> h-&iacute; sunn co m-badar <gap/> a n-asb<ex>eir</ex> se<sup resp="KM">nchaid</sup>:
<text type="poem">
<body>
<lg type="quatrain">
<l><sup resp="KM">Rob&iacute;th</sup> Find</l>
<l>ba do gaibh ga<ex>n</ex> ni<sup resp="KM">ach</sup> guin</l>
<l>do<sup resp="KM">all</sup> Aicleach mac Duibhrenn</l>
<l>a chenn do mac moctha Muin.</l>
</lg>
</body>
</text>

<gap/> <sup resp="KM"><frn lang="en">Of the rest of the page I cannot make out anything that will give sense except the words:</frn> &ampersir; a guba &ampersir; a lia.</sup></p>
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